{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1795750107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15779/z38h414","title":"Abandoning the Orphans: An Open Access Approach to Hostage Works","display_name":"Abandoning the Orphans: An Open Access Approach to Hostage Works","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1795750107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15779/z38h414","mag":"1795750107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.berkeley.edu:btlj-1968","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/btlj/vol27/iss3/7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Berkeley Technology Law Journal","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2268065_code72075.pdf?abstractid=2049685&mirid=1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016795305","display_name":"Lydia Pallas Loren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74201987","display_name":"Lewis & Clark College","ror":"https://ror.org/013pz1582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74201987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Loren, Lydia Pallas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis & Clark Law School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis & Clark Law School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74201987"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016795305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74201987"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.3146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99171388,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"7","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14457","display_name":"Intellectual Property Rights and Media","score":0.06480000168085098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11769","display_name":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orphan-works","display_name":"orphan works","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copyright-registration","display_name":"copyright registration","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copyright-term-extension","display_name":"copyright term extension","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/derivative-works","display_name":"derivative works","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equitable-remedies","display_name":"equitable remedies","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-access","display_name":"open access","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copyright-enforcement","display_name":"copyright enforcement","score":0.36800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779089604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7169333","display_name":"Permission","level":2,"score":0.5680935978889465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5415686368942261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.5270148515701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.5056896209716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.4741208851337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4536920189857483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4397534728050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42662110924720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.4200909435749054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.41920626163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4038430452346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.37214550375938416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2082226574420929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1837550401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18255099654197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16990715265274048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.berkeley.edu:btlj-1968","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/btlj/vol27/iss3/7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Berkeley Technology Law Journal","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1795750107","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2268065_code72075.pdf?abstractid=2049685&mirid=1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3121250985","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1125075/files/fulltext.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203105838","display_name":"Berkeley technology law journal","issn_l":"0885-2715","issn":["0885-2715","1086-3818"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a","jufo-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316106","host_organization_name":"UC Berkeley School of Law","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316106","https://openalex.org/P4310316198"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["UC Berkeley School of Law","University of California, Berkeley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Berkeley technology law journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.15779/z38h414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15779/z38h414","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15779/z38h414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050879","display_name":"UC Berkeley","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","host_organization_name":"University of California, Berkeley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:1795750107","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2268065_code72075.pdf?abstractid=2049685&mirid=1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151284687","https://openalex.org/W3123346575","https://openalex.org/W2943299836","https://openalex.org/W4205908610","https://openalex.org/W221693517","https://openalex.org/W3024032303","https://openalex.org/W3167185964","https://openalex.org/W7221704507","https://openalex.org/W1516765956","https://openalex.org/W4245712915"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,193],"lengthening":[1],"of":[2,5,11,20,46,55,65,69,80,108,111,120,154,215,270,280],"the":[3,9,18,47,56,66,70,74,78,81,105,109,118,121,126,152,175,191,219,240,284],"duration":[4],"copyright":[6,12,29,57,115,251,273],"protection":[7,271],"and":[8,37,117,209,225,259,275],"elimination":[10],"registration":[13],"formalities":[14],"have":[15],"contributed":[16],"to":[17,28,43,72,138,168,173,238],"rise":[19],"so-called":[21],"orphan":[22,75],"works:":[23],"works":[24,88,127],"that":[25,52,86,142,184,216,232,248],"remain":[26],"subject":[27],"law":[30,116],"but":[31,95],"whose":[32],"owners":[33,252,274],"cannot":[34],"be":[35,91,196],"identified":[36],"located":[38],"by":[39,104,114,283],"someone":[40],"who":[41,123],"wishes":[42],"make":[44],"use":[45],"work":[48,76,204,208,217,246,286],"in":[49,101,132,150,189,223,255],"a":[50,139,148,179,203,206,278],"manner":[51],"requires":[53],"permission":[54],"owner.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60,263],"Article":[61],"I":[62,84,177,229],"examine":[63],"one":[64],"root":[67],"causes":[68],"inability":[71],"address":[73],"problem:":[77],"metaphor":[79,136],"\u201corphan\u201d":[82],"itself.":[83],"propose":[85,178],"these":[87,155],"should":[89,195,234],"not":[90,147],"viewed":[92],"as":[93,97,170,186,205],"orphans,":[94,156],"rather":[96,157],"\u201chostages\u201d":[98],"\u2014":[99],"constrained":[100],"their":[102,133,257],"movement":[103],"restricting":[106],"combination":[107],"set":[110],"rules":[112],"established":[113],"absence":[119],"owner":[122],"could":[124],"release":[125],"from":[128,253],"what":[129,143,158],"binds":[130],"them":[131],"confinement.The":[134],"hostage":[135,207,285],"leads":[137],"clearer":[140],"recognition":[141],"is":[144,146,159,162],"needed":[145],"stand":[149],"for":[151,161,165,182,272],"\u201cparent\u201d":[153],"called":[160],"an":[163,199,211,267],"incentive":[164],"responsible":[166],"parties":[167],"operate":[169],"\u201cspecial":[171,187],"forces\u201d":[172,188],"free":[174],"hostages.":[176,192],"limited":[180],"immunity":[181,194],"entities":[183],"act":[185],"freeing":[190],"available":[197,243],"when":[198],"entity":[200],"non-negligently":[201],"identifies":[202],"provides":[210],"open":[212],"access":[213],"copy":[214],"with":[218],"hostage-freeing":[220],"information":[221],"attached":[222],"human":[224],"machine":[226],"readable":[227],"form.":[228],"also":[230],"suggest":[231],"courts":[233],"employ":[235],"equitable":[236],"doctrines":[237],"limit":[239],"infringement":[241],"remedies":[242],"against":[244],"derivative":[245],"creators":[247],"would":[249,265],"discourage":[250],"delaying":[254],"making":[256],"presence":[258],"availability":[260],"known.":[261],"Adopting":[262],"approach":[264],"provide":[266],"appropriate":[268],"level":[269],"significantly":[276],"reduce":[277],"form":[279],"waste":[281],"created":[282],"problem.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}