{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1790338142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","title":"GOVERNMENT COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH DELINQUENT TRAJECTORIES","display_name":"GOVERNMENT COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH DELINQUENT TRAJECTORIES","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1790338142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","mag":"1790338142"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","pdf_url":"https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/download/7708/2504","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764634044","display_name":"International Journal of Child Youth and Family Studies","issn_l":"1920-7298","issn":["1920-7298"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313033","host_organization_name":"University of Victoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313033"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Victoria"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/download/7708/2504","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070842626","display_name":"Wendy Craig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4717-6105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4717-6105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wendy Craig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queens University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queens University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031629490","display_name":"Lyndall Schumann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-6954","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-6954"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lyndall Schumann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queens University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queens University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030890334","display_name":"Kelly Petrunka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelly Petrunka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queens University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queens University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109237034","display_name":"Shahriar Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahriar Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department , 62 Arch Street , Kingston , Ontario , K7L 3N6 ,","Queen's University, Better Beginnings, Better Futures, 98 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L3N6"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department , 62 Arch Street , Kingston , Ontario , K7L 3N6 ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen's University, Better Beginnings, Better Futures, 98 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L3N6","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047834222","display_name":"Ray DeV. Peters","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ray Peters","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queens University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queens University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9157,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92997912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2.1","first_page":"263","last_page":"263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13728","display_name":"Crime, Deviance, and Social Control","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/juvenile-delinquency","display_name":"juvenile delinquency","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delinquency-trajectories","display_name":"delinquency trajectories","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-costs","display_name":"government costs","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/at-risk-youth","display_name":"at-risk youth","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remedial-education","display_name":"remedial education","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-services","display_name":"social services","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-assistance","display_name":"social assistance","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desistance-from-crime","display_name":"desistance from crime","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antisocial-behavior","display_name":"antisocial behavior","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-prevention","display_name":"crime prevention","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-informant-assessment","display_name":"multi-informant assessment","score":0.7950000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1001125","display_name":"Juvenile delinquency","level":2,"score":0.934508740901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5187278389930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4250437021255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3682628273963928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3089935779571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1600312888622284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","pdf_url":"https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/download/7708/2504","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764634044","display_name":"International Journal of Child Youth and Family Studies","issn_l":"1920-7298","issn":["1920-7298"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313033","host_organization_name":"University of Victoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313033"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Victoria"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.681.761","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.681.761","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/download/7708/2504/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:73c9148e6d474fcb9fcbf184d01bf70a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/73c9148e6d474fcb9fcbf184d01bf70a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child, Youth & Family Studies, Vol 2, Iss 2.1 (2011)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs22.120117708","pdf_url":"https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/download/7708/2504","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764634044","display_name":"International Journal of Child Youth and Family Studies","issn_l":"1920-7298","issn":["1920-7298"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313033","host_organization_name":"University of Victoria","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313033"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Victoria"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7390999794006348,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315157","display_name":"Public Safety Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/032mgcs57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321814","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services","ror":"https://ror.org/026emmr85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1790338142.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1790338142.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91788495","https://openalex.org/W202220302","https://openalex.org/W1242371980","https://openalex.org/W1488978709","https://openalex.org/W1504761314","https://openalex.org/W1558211802","https://openalex.org/W1573915839","https://openalex.org/W1598612182","https://openalex.org/W1883407976","https://openalex.org/W1941328778","https://openalex.org/W1985684523","https://openalex.org/W1988934090","https://openalex.org/W2013071495","https://openalex.org/W2022316467","https://openalex.org/W2034028599","https://openalex.org/W2034267075","https://openalex.org/W2058914725","https://openalex.org/W2059306318","https://openalex.org/W2068932525","https://openalex.org/W2072221629","https://openalex.org/W2073657306","https://openalex.org/W2080514684","https://openalex.org/W2091353248","https://openalex.org/W2101969713","https://openalex.org/W2102047727","https://openalex.org/W2102995224","https://openalex.org/W2110610501","https://openalex.org/W2118244077","https://openalex.org/W2123820602","https://openalex.org/W2124685368","https://openalex.org/W2127582179","https://openalex.org/W2143722480","https://openalex.org/W2154482529","https://openalex.org/W2171809371","https://openalex.org/W2235221946","https://openalex.org/W2788474822","https://openalex.org/W3109597414","https://openalex.org/W3126039412","https://openalex.org/W7009118928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034267075","https://openalex.org/W2726325215","https://openalex.org/W2046024778","https://openalex.org/W2911664297","https://openalex.org/W2086250590","https://openalex.org/W2346069677","https://openalex.org/W2066778045","https://openalex.org/W2124007219","https://openalex.org/W4246889036","https://openalex.org/W7128537822"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,77],"objectives":[1],"of":[2,11,34,60,83,130,145,153,166,201],"this":[3],"project":[4],"were":[5,100,172],"to:":[6],"(a)":[7],"identify":[8],"early":[9],"trajectories":[10,82,139],"delinquency":[12,56,97,110,177],"for":[13,116,150,207],"both":[14,117,120],"boys":[15,194],"and":[16,26,48,71,74,94,133,141,178],"girls":[17,185],"at":[18],"ages":[19],"8":[20],"(Grade":[21,24,28],"3),":[22],"11":[23],"6),":[25],"14":[27],"9)":[29],"in":[30,62,106,195],"a":[31,39,95],"longitudinal":[32],"sample":[33],"842":[35],"at-risk":[36,138],"youth":[37,46,122],"from":[38,123,134],"multi-informant":[40],"perspective":[41],"(i.e.,":[42],"parents,":[43],"teachers,":[44],"self-reported":[45],"ratings),":[47],"(b)":[49],"estimate":[50],"the":[51,63,107,121,124,131,135,146,154,167,175,199,202],"costs":[52,156,171],"associated":[53],"with":[54,198],"each":[55,148],"trajectory":[57,111,127,180],"on":[58],"utilization":[59],"resources":[61],"criminal":[64],"justice":[65],"system,":[66],"remedial":[67],"education,":[68],"health":[69],"care":[70],"social":[72,75],"services,":[73],"assistance.":[76],"results":[78],"indicated":[79],"six":[80],"distinct":[81],"delinquency:":[84],"two":[85,88,108,125,136],"low":[86,109],"groups,":[87,90,112],"desisting":[89],"an":[91],"escalator":[92],"group,":[93],"high":[96,142,176],"group.":[98],"There":[99],"significantly":[101],"more":[102,188],"females":[103],"than":[104,190],"males":[105],"p":[113],"<":[114],".05":[115],"analyses.":[118],"Furthermore,":[119],"desisters":[126],"groups":[128],"(13%":[129],"sample)":[132,147],"most":[137],"(escalators":[140],"delinquency,":[143],"5%":[144],"accounted":[149],"approximately":[151],"40%":[152],"estimated":[155,168],"to":[157,162,174],"government.":[158],"It":[159],"is":[160],"interesting":[161],"note":[163],"that":[164],"80%":[165],"Criminal":[169],"Justice":[170],"due":[173],"escalators":[179],"groups.":[181],"Antisocial":[182],"or":[183,192],"delinquent":[184,193],"cost":[186],"society":[187],"money":[189],"antisocial":[191],"all":[196],"domains,":[197],"exception":[200],"Social":[203],"Assistance":[204],"domain.":[205],"Implications":[206],"crime":[208],"prevention":[209],"are":[210],"discussed.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}