{"id":"https://openalex.org/W178378180","doi":null,"title":"Al+ Optical Clocks for Fundamental Physics and Geodesy","display_name":"Al+ Optical Clocks for Fundamental Physics and Geodesy","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W178378180","mag":"178378180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:178378180","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/1039039","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070212021","display_name":"James Chin-wen Chou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James Chin-wen Chou","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070212021"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02015594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10523","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-atomic-clocks","display_name":"optical atomic clocks","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitational-redshift","display_name":"gravitational redshift","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"geodesy","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-coherence","display_name":"quantum coherence","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation-of-the-fine-structure-constant","display_name":"fine-structure constant variation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-dilation","display_name":"time dilation","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-spectroscopy","display_name":"precision spectroscopy","score":0.6309999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6066545844078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.5904420614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5360538959503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5341004133224487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5325440764427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92919768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185918","display_name":"Time dilation","level":3,"score":0.5279240608215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91275184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163117","display_name":"Laser cooling","level":3,"score":0.4744081199169159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196597080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q227467","display_name":"Atomic clock","level":2,"score":0.4621594250202179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.45753979682922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.4500733017921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.30022361874580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.16818267107009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149324446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43514","display_name":"Theory of relativity","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:178378180","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/1039039","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979599337","https://openalex.org/W2970533327","https://openalex.org/W2519642938","https://openalex.org/W7171460875","https://openalex.org/W2000614176","https://openalex.org/W2945884165","https://openalex.org/W2940143991","https://openalex.org/W4394567894","https://openalex.org/W2908856233","https://openalex.org/W7156281239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Laser-cooled":[0],"trapped":[1,28],"atoms":[2],"have":[3,100],"long":[4],"been":[5],"recognized":[6],"as":[7],"potentially":[8],"very":[9],"accurate":[10],"frequency":[11,120],"standards":[12],"for":[13,42],"clocks.":[14],"Ultimate":[15],"accuracies":[16],"of":[17,27,79,91,113,123,135],"10-18":[18],"to":[19,46,58,95,121,128],"10-19":[20],"appear":[21],"possible,":[22],"limited":[23],"by":[24,68],"the":[25,52,76,96,117,132,136],"time-dilation":[26],"ions":[29,108],"that":[30,86,122],"move":[31],"at":[32],"laser-cooled":[33],"velocities.":[34],"The":[35],"Al+":[36,65,73,107,118],"ion":[37,127],"is":[38,66],"an":[39],"attractive":[40],"candidate":[41],"high":[43],"accuracy,":[44],"owing":[45],"its":[47],"narrow":[48],"electronic":[49],"transition":[50],"in":[51],"optical":[53],"regime":[54],"and":[55,115],"low":[56],"sensitivity":[57],"ambient":[59],"field":[60],"perturbations.":[61],"Precision":[62],"spectroscopy":[63],"on":[64,131],"enabled":[67,82],"quantum":[69,103],"information":[70],"techniques.":[71],"With":[72],"\u201cquantum-logic\u201d":[74],"clocks,":[75],"current":[77],"accuracy":[78],"8.6\u00d710-18":[80],"has":[81],"a":[83,88,110,124],"geo-potential-difference":[84],"measurement":[85],"detected":[87],"height":[89],"change":[90],"37\u00b117":[92],"cm":[93],"due":[94],"gravitational":[97],"red-shift.":[98],"We":[99],"also":[101],"observed":[102],"coherence":[104],"between":[105],"two":[106],"with":[109],"record":[111],"Q-factor":[112],"3.4\u00d71016,":[114],"compared":[116],"resonance":[119],"single":[125],"Hg+":[126],"place":[129],"limits":[130],"temporal":[133],"variation":[134],"fine-structure":[137],"constant.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}