{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1777564853","doi":null,"title":"Secondary prevention of stroke--results from the Southern Africa Stroke Prevention Initiative (SASPI) study.","display_name":"Secondary prevention of stroke--results from the Southern Africa Stroke Prevention Initiative (SASPI) study.","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1777564853","mag":"1777564853","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15500283","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2622910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2622910","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2622910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bull World Health Organ","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2622910","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012634537","display_name":"Margaret Thorogood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Thorogood","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick, Coventry, England. margaret.thorogood@warwick.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick, Coventry, England. margaret.thorogood@warwick.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111368322","display_name":"Myles Connor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M D Connor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009800659","display_name":"Gillian Lewando\u2010Hundt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Lewando-Hundt","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014836003","display_name":"Stephen M. Tollman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-7588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-7588"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Tollman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089835992","display_name":"Benard Ngoma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Ngoma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3312,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86777718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"7","first_page":"503","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.057999998331069946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14212","display_name":"Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-stroke-prevention","display_name":"secondary stroke prevention","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke-survivors","display_name":"stroke survivors","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antihypertensive-therapy","display_name":"antihypertensive therapy","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-seeking-behavior","display_name":"health-seeking behavior","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-healers","display_name":"traditional healers","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barriers-to-treatment","display_name":"barriers to treatment","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care-nurses","display_name":"primary care nurses","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-health-care","display_name":"rural health care","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modifiable-risk-factors","display_name":"modifiable risk factors","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agincourt","display_name":"Agincourt","score":0.8669999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8327316641807556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.7878285646438599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81603835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457430","display_name":"Pill","level":2,"score":0.7146660089492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5840478539466858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.5406967401504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5034005045890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.4891231656074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4531954526901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779958979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3473027","display_name":"Rural health","level":3,"score":0.4429193139076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3319365978240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.32842153310775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.32470762729644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.22851711511611938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.10296151041984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003151","descriptor_name":"Community Health Centers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004493","descriptor_name":"Education","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007407","descriptor_name":"Interviews as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010342","descriptor_name":"Patient Acceptance of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011314","descriptor_name":"Preventive Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011314","descriptor_name":"Preventive Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000600","qualifier_name":"supply & distribution","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011314","descriptor_name":"Preventive Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011321","descriptor_name":"Primary Nursing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013019","descriptor_name":"South Africa","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017741","descriptor_name":"Survivors","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019035","descriptor_name":"Rural Health Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000451","qualifier_name":"nursing","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020521","descriptor_name":"Stroke","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2622910","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2622910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bull World Health Organ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:15500283","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15500283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2c09a43807d04fe4b1eaa00a7bb1e7df","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2c09a43807d04fe4b1eaa00a7bb1e7df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol 82, Iss 7, Pp 503-508 (2004)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:1777564853","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15500283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2188287700","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.scielosp.org/pdf/bwho/v82n7/v82n7a07.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2622910","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2622910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bull World Health Organ","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80860985","https://openalex.org/W562917886","https://openalex.org/W1554849339","https://openalex.org/W1778278296","https://openalex.org/W1978217794","https://openalex.org/W1992048628","https://openalex.org/W2010261618","https://openalex.org/W2024352468","https://openalex.org/W2030911148","https://openalex.org/W2032950757","https://openalex.org/W2066792247","https://openalex.org/W2108361166","https://openalex.org/W2127419095","https://openalex.org/W2141842749","https://openalex.org/W2147487027","https://openalex.org/W2592197377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3096138648","https://openalex.org/W3172791303","https://openalex.org/W3205747558","https://openalex.org/W3187440310","https://openalex.org/W6942283864","https://openalex.org/W7221076338","https://openalex.org/W3114080516","https://openalex.org/W1608918048","https://openalex.org/W3166618521","https://openalex.org/W7029430906"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"describe":[2],"the":[3,32,54,60,65,78,90,101,184,243,257],"prevalence":[4],"of":[5,10,56,62,80,95,103,117,140,158,206,219,259],"risk":[6,247],"factors":[7],"and":[8,16,68,93,134,170,217,280],"experience":[9],"preventive":[11],"interventions":[12],"in":[13,22,31,45,77,249],"stroke":[14,50,63,72,82,111,146,250],"survivors,":[15],"identilfy":[17],"barriers":[18],"to":[19,52,88,201,209,215,221,228,267],"secondary":[20,202,253],"prevention":[21,203,254],"rural":[23,39,239],"South":[24,37],"Africa.":[25],"METHODS:":[26],"A":[27,225],"clinician":[28],"visited":[29],"individuals":[30],"Agincourt":[33],"field":[34],"site":[35],"(in":[36],"Africa's":[38],"north":[40],"east)":[41],"who":[42,99,187],"were":[43,125,188],"identified":[44,109],"a":[46,138],"census":[47],"as":[48],"possible":[49],"victims":[51],"confirm":[53],"diagnosis":[55],"stroke.":[57,199],"We":[58,84,108],"explored":[59],"impact":[61],"on":[64],"individual's":[66],"family,":[67],"health-seeking":[69],"behaviour":[70],"following":[71],"by":[73],"conducting":[74],"in-depth":[75],"interviews":[76],"households":[79],"35":[81,185],"survivors.":[83,251],"held":[85],"two":[86],"workshops":[87],"understand":[89],"knowledge,":[91],"experience,":[92],"views":[94],"primary":[96],"care":[97,155,230,274,282],"nurses,":[98],"provide":[100],"bulk":[102],"professional":[104],"health":[105,154],"care.":[106,270],"FINDINGS:":[107],"103":[110],"survivors":[112,147,186],"(37":[113],"men),":[114],"73":[115],"(71%)":[116],"whom":[118],"had":[119,148,163,176],"hypertension,":[120],"but":[121,262],"only":[122,179],"8":[123,132],"(8%)":[124],"taking":[126],"anti-hypertensive":[127,195],"treatment.":[128],"Smoking":[129],"was":[130,231],"uncommon;":[131],"men":[133],"1":[135],"woman":[136],"smoked":[137],"maximum":[139],"ten":[141],"cigarettes":[142],"daily.":[143],"94":[144],"(91%)":[145],"sought":[149,165,177],"help,":[150],"which":[151],"involved":[152],"allopathic":[153,229,279],"for":[156,273],"most":[157,244],"them":[159],"(81;":[160],"79%).":[161],"42":[162],"also":[164],"help":[166,178],"from":[167,180],"traditional":[168],"healers":[169],"churches,":[171],"while":[172],"another":[173],"13":[174],"people":[175],"those":[181],"sources.":[182],"Of":[183],"interviewed,":[189],"29":[190],"reported":[191],"having":[192],"been":[193],"prescribed":[194],"pills":[196],"after":[197],"their":[198],"Barriers":[200],"included":[204],"cost":[205],"treatment,":[207],"reluctance":[208],"use":[210],"pills,":[211],"difficulties":[212],"with":[213],"access":[214],"drugs,":[216],"lack":[218],"equipment":[220],"measure":[222],"blood":[223],"pressure.":[224],"negative":[226],"attitude":[227],"not":[232],"an":[233],"important":[234,245],"factor.":[235],"CONCLUSION:":[236],"In":[237],"this":[238],"area":[240],"hypertension":[241],"is":[242,264],"modifiable":[246],"factor":[248],"Effective":[252],"may":[255],"reduce":[256],"incidence":[258],"recurrent":[260],"strokes,":[261],"there":[263],"no":[265],"system":[266],"deliver":[268],"such":[269],"New":[271],"strategies":[272],"are":[275],"needed":[276],"involving":[277],"both":[278],"non-allopathic-health":[281],"providers.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}