{"id":"https://openalex.org/W176376050","doi":null,"title":"WHY AN AMERICAN QUAKER TUTOR FOR THE CROWN PRINCE? AN IMPERIAL HOUSEHOLD'S STRATEGY TO SAVE EMPEROR HIROHITO IN MACARTHUR'S JAPAN","display_name":"WHY AN AMERICAN QUAKER TUTOR FOR THE CROWN PRINCE? AN IMPERIAL HOUSEHOLD'S STRATEGY TO SAVE EMPEROR HIROHITO IN MACARTHUR'S JAPAN","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W176376050","mag":"176376050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:6597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kaoru Hoshino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaoru Hoshino","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03200939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11971","display_name":"World Wars: History, Literature, and Impact","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13337","display_name":"Korean Peninsula Historical and Political Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hirohito","display_name":"Emperor Hirohito","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/douglas-macarthur","display_name":"Douglas MacArthur","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-occupation-of-japan","display_name":"Allied occupation of Japan","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christianization-of-japan","display_name":"Christianization of Japan","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-teaching","display_name":"English language teaching","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperial-sovereignty","display_name":"imperial sovereignty","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-strategy","display_name":"political strategy","score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postwar-japan","display_name":"postwar Japan","score":0.5559999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776501734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527496","display_name":"Emperor","level":2,"score":0.9791807532310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778371403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7672049","display_name":"TUTOR","level":2,"score":0.5640703439712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4882798194885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780301145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3769366","display_name":"Surrender","level":2,"score":0.42413780093193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4099959433078766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.40592634677886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.29413992166519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.29095906019210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:6597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"mag:176376050","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:6597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/6597/1/Kaoru_Hoshino_MA2010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W176376050.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W176376050.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W643701683","https://openalex.org/W1568882462","https://openalex.org/W1966587945","https://openalex.org/W2013590423","https://openalex.org/W2016273502","https://openalex.org/W2028501066","https://openalex.org/W2031791081","https://openalex.org/W2059209581","https://openalex.org/W2114231111","https://openalex.org/W2127957665","https://openalex.org/W2167646079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988337346","https://openalex.org/W7167823448","https://openalex.org/W4249293775","https://openalex.org/W2035699553","https://openalex.org/W2912136921","https://openalex.org/W2570496358","https://openalex.org/W2488388083","https://openalex.org/W3127916813","https://openalex.org/W4242876620","https://openalex.org/W4248049426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"thesis":[1,251,317],"examines":[2],"the":[3,6,21,33,40,42,48,53,59,63,75,87,97,104,111,113,116,139,144,148,151,157,169,172,178,187,193,200,215,220,234,259,271,276,282,285,291,320,330,341],"motives":[4],"behind":[5],"Japanese":[7],"imperial":[8,60,145,194,221,321],"household's":[9,322],"decision":[10],"to":[11,20,25,58,80,82,101,156,228,237,244,289,324],"invite":[12,325],"an":[13,298],"American":[14,280],"Christian":[15],"woman,":[16],"Elizabeth":[17],"Gray":[18],"Vining,":[19,56],"court":[22],"as":[23,136,138],"tutor":[24,85,109,269,278,287,328],"Crown":[26],"Prince":[27],"Akihito":[28],"about":[29],"one":[30],"year":[31],"after":[32],"Allied":[34,179],"Occupation":[35],"of":[36,45,65,74,106,133,150,159,171,192,226,233,266,284,301],"Japan":[37],"began.":[38],"In":[39],"past,":[41],"common":[43],"narrative":[44],"scholars":[46],"and":[47,143,189,203],"media":[49],"has":[50,337],"been":[51,94,207,305,338],"that":[52,96,115,205,253,258,275,319],"new":[54,108,231,277,286,327],"tutor,":[55],"came":[57,118],"household":[61],"at":[62,147,208],"invitation":[64],"Emperor":[66],"Hirohito,":[67],"who":[68,239],"personally":[69],"asked":[70],"George":[71],"Stoddard,":[72],"head":[73],"United":[76],"States":[77],"Education":[78],"Mission":[79],"Japan,":[81,219],"find":[83],"a":[84,107,122,183,224,230,241,268,308,326],"for":[86,110,177,270,329],"crown":[88,272,292,331],"prince.":[89],"While":[90],"it":[91,254],"may":[92],"have":[93,304],"true":[95],"emperor":[98,117,216,235],"directly":[99],"spoke":[100],"Stoddard":[102],"regarding":[103],"need":[105],"prince,":[112,273],"claim":[114],"up":[119],"with":[120],"such":[121],"proposal":[123],"entirely":[124],"on":[125,186],"his":[126,131,160],"own":[127],"is":[128,255],"debatable":[129],"given":[130],"lack":[132],"decision-making":[134,190],"power,":[135],"well":[137],"circumstances":[140],"surrounding":[141],"him":[142],"institution":[146],"time":[149],"Occupation.":[152,173],"From":[153],"September":[154],"1945":[155],"end":[158],"term":[161],"in":[162,217,264,340],"April":[163],"1951,":[164],"General":[165],"Douglas":[166],"MacArthur":[167,181,238],"led":[168],"operation":[170],"As":[174],"Supreme":[175],"Commander":[176],"Powers,":[180],"had":[182,206,240],"considerable":[184],"effect":[185],"affairs":[188],"processes":[191],"household,":[195],"whose":[196],"major":[197],"concern":[198],"was":[199,263,288,333],"emperor's":[201],"life":[202],"sovereignty":[204],"stake":[209],"since":[210],"Japan's":[211],"surrender.":[212],"To":[213],"protect":[214],"MacArthur's":[218],"advisers":[222],"made":[223],"series":[225],"stratagems":[227],"project":[229],"image":[232],"favorable":[236],"personal":[242],"aim":[243],"Christianize":[245],"Japan.":[246],"Given":[247],"these":[248],"circumstances,":[249],"this":[250,316],"argues":[252],"not":[256],"coincidental":[257],"emperor,":[260],"or":[261,310],"whoever":[262],"charge":[265],"finding":[267],"requested":[274],"be":[279],"Christian;":[281],"purpose":[283],"provide":[290],"prince":[293,332],"English-language":[294],"lessons,":[295],"which,":[296],"from":[297],"objective":[299],"point":[300],"view,":[302],"could":[303],"conducted":[306],"by":[307],"non-American":[309],"non-Christian":[311],"native":[312],"English":[313],"speaker.":[314],"Ultimately,":[315],"shows":[318],"effort":[323],"more":[334],"politically-oriented":[335],"than":[336],"interpreted":[339],"past.":[342]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
