{"id":"https://openalex.org/W176178743","doi":null,"title":"UNDERSTANDING MAIL SURVEY RESPONSE BEHAVIOR","display_name":"UNDERSTANDING MAIL SURVEY RESPONSE BEHAVIOR","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W176178743","mag":"176178743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.459.789","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.459.789","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://business.illinois.edu/shavitt/BA_531/Yammarino-week10.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Meta-Analysis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Meta-Analysis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087106540","display_name":"Francis J. Yammarino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francis J. Yammarino","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009517274","display_name":"Steven J. Skinner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven J. Skinner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014805263","display_name":"Terry L. Childers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terry L. Childers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":36.4913,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99632549,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11539","display_name":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11539","display_name":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13030","display_name":"Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12926","display_name":"Business Strategies and Management Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mail-survey-response-rates","display_name":"mail survey response rates","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survey-nonresponse","display_name":"survey nonresponse","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/follow-up-contact","display_name":"follow-up contact","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-incentives","display_name":"financial incentives","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postage","display_name":"postage","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/appeal","display_name":"appeal","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-bias","display_name":"response bias","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/questionnaire-design","display_name":"questionnaire design","score":0.421999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37277501821517944}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.459.789","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.459.789","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://business.illinois.edu/shavitt/BA_531/Yammarino-week10.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.972.7530","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.972.7530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://poq.oxfordjournals.org/content/55/4/613.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:176178743","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://business.illinois.edu/shavitt/BA_531/Yammarino-week10.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":105,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511920456","https://openalex.org/W1562193183","https://openalex.org/W1963508862","https://openalex.org/W1963959514","https://openalex.org/W1965670189","https://openalex.org/W1965752174","https://openalex.org/W1965821390","https://openalex.org/W1970020947","https://openalex.org/W1971476024","https://openalex.org/W1972955379","https://openalex.org/W1974986831","https://openalex.org/W1975429121","https://openalex.org/W1976315406","https://openalex.org/W1981939059","https://openalex.org/W1982823393","https://openalex.org/W1983619350","https://openalex.org/W1987079305","https://openalex.org/W1989738752","https://openalex.org/W2002065436","https://openalex.org/W2006546769","https://openalex.org/W2010246515","https://openalex.org/W2016200111","https://openalex.org/W2024210662","https://openalex.org/W2033995465","https://openalex.org/W2035609388","https://openalex.org/W2036074341","https://openalex.org/W2038797205","https://openalex.org/W2043790738","https://openalex.org/W2046688565","https://openalex.org/W2049628542","https://openalex.org/W2051521862","https://openalex.org/W2058500483","https://openalex.org/W2059991023","https://openalex.org/W2060688485","https://openalex.org/W2061896483","https://openalex.org/W2062572027","https://openalex.org/W2065122769","https://openalex.org/W2065245268","https://openalex.org/W2065381179","https://openalex.org/W2066569584","https://openalex.org/W2069978178","https://openalex.org/W2071870326","https://openalex.org/W2074351317","https://openalex.org/W2075252086","https://openalex.org/W2076103465","https://openalex.org/W2077890369","https://openalex.org/W2077891826","https://openalex.org/W2079701584","https://openalex.org/W2083554294","https://openalex.org/W2085813152","https://openalex.org/W2088309013","https://openalex.org/W2090062275","https://openalex.org/W2092883693","https://openalex.org/W2095098779","https://openalex.org/W2104107316","https://openalex.org/W2114980731","https://openalex.org/W2151063370","https://openalex.org/W2159987121","https://openalex.org/W2163672738","https://openalex.org/W2164604294","https://openalex.org/W2167658816","https://openalex.org/W2254151574","https://openalex.org/W2256080721","https://openalex.org/W2261980082","https://openalex.org/W2263809969","https://openalex.org/W2312372814","https://openalex.org/W2312673592","https://openalex.org/W2312724077","https://openalex.org/W2313631626","https://openalex.org/W2313924388","https://openalex.org/W2314816041","https://openalex.org/W2315194384","https://openalex.org/W2315283100","https://openalex.org/W2316337566","https://openalex.org/W2317583649","https://openalex.org/W2318954516","https://openalex.org/W2319104029","https://openalex.org/W2319215358","https://openalex.org/W2319424461","https://openalex.org/W2319954995","https://openalex.org/W2320826711","https://openalex.org/W2320883972","https://openalex.org/W2321113337","https://openalex.org/W2321679573","https://openalex.org/W2321762935","https://openalex.org/W2323245534","https://openalex.org/W2323889388","https://openalex.org/W2324118983","https://openalex.org/W2324619199","https://openalex.org/W2324814459","https://openalex.org/W2325302865","https://openalex.org/W2326342926","https://openalex.org/W2326432789","https://openalex.org/W2326470492","https://openalex.org/W2327293545","https://openalex.org/W2328766001","https://openalex.org/W2331931951","https://openalex.org/W2332312631","https://openalex.org/W2332643489","https://openalex.org/W2332855733","https://openalex.org/W2335100501","https://openalex.org/W2335434847","https://openalex.org/W2412487183","https://openalex.org/W2552311643","https://openalex.org/W3125572195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969736152","https://openalex.org/W2185193373","https://openalex.org/W2159987121","https://openalex.org/W7098381850","https://openalex.org/W2104107316","https://openalex.org/W4236542112","https://openalex.org/W2185610627","https://openalex.org/W2006867740","https://openalex.org/W7095524635","https://openalex.org/W80093138"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"meta-analysis":[2],"of":[3,6,30,49,67,79,86,113,120,126,164],"prior":[4,174],"studies":[5,25],"techniques":[7,143,177],"de-signed":[8],"to":[9,116,144,187],"induce":[10],"mail":[11,127,133,146],"survey":[12,98,134,147],"response":[13,31,54,112,135,148,158],"rates":[14,55],"was":[15,33,42],"conducted.":[16],"Re-search":[17],"encompassing":[18],"184":[19],"effects":[20,68],"(study":[21],"outcomes)":[22],"in":[23,53,76,96,111],"115":[24],"(articles)":[26],"for":[27,56,60,104,123],"17":[28],"predictors":[29,62,106],"rate":[32],"examined.":[34,70],"The":[35],"average":[36,47],"effect":[37,102],"size":[38],"across":[39],"all":[40],"manipulations":[41],"r":[43],"=.065,":[44],"indicat-ing":[45],"an":[46,109],"increase":[48,110],"about":[50],"6.5":[51],"percent":[52,115],"manipulations.":[57],"Effect":[58],"sizes":[59,103],"specific":[61],"and":[63,82,91,129,156,176],"two":[64],"potential":[65],"moderators":[66],"were":[69,94],"Results":[71],"indicated":[72],"that":[73],"repeated":[74],"contacts":[75],"the":[77,105,121,124,162],"form":[78],"preliminary":[80,165],"notification":[81],"follow-ups,":[83],"appeals,":[84,169],"inclusion":[85],"a":[87],"return":[88],"envelope,":[89],"postage,":[90,170],"monetary":[92],"incentives,":[93,172],"effective":[95],"increasing":[97],"re-sponse":[99],"rates.":[100],"Significant":[101],"ranged":[107],"from":[108],"2":[114],"31":[117],"percent.":[118],"Implica-tions":[119],"results":[122],"conduct":[125],"surveys":[128],"future":[130],"research":[131],"on":[132],"behavior":[136],"are":[137],"discussed.":[138],"Researchers":[139],"have":[140],"amassed":[141],"myriad":[142],"stimulate":[145],"rates,":[149],"reduce":[150,157],"item":[151],"omission,":[152],"speed":[153],"up":[154],"response,":[155],"bias.":[159],"Examples":[160],"include":[161],"use":[163],"notification,":[166],"follow-up,":[167],"sponsorship,":[168],"personalization,":[171],"anonymity,":[173],"commitment,":[175],"affecting":[178],"questionnaire":[179],"Correspondence":[180],"regarding":[181],"this":[182],"article":[183],"should":[184],"be":[185],"addressed":[186],"FRANCIS":[188],"I.":[189],"YAMMARINO,":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
