{"id":"https://openalex.org/W17283201","doi":null,"title":"In the blink of an eye: the circadian effects on ocular and subjective indices of driver sleepiness","display_name":"In the blink of an eye: the circadian effects on ocular and subjective indices of driver sleepiness","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W17283201","mag":"17283201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.usq.edu.au:46509","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.usq.edu.au/46509/3/Watling%26Smith%202013%20In%20the%20blink%20of%20an%20eye.pdf","pdf_url":"http://eprints.usq.edu.au/46509/3/Watling%26Smith%202013%20In%20the%20blink%20of%20an%20eye.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400692","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland ePrints (University of Southern Queensland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","host_organization_name":"University of Southern Queensland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item (Commonwealth Reporting Category E)"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033852229","display_name":"Christopher N. Watling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-2401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-2401"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher N. Watling","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-2401","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031933424","display_name":"Simon S. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0362-9045","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0362-9045","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-2728","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-6471"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon S. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0362-9045","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2725,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62965944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10985","display_name":"Sleep and Wakefulness Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driver-sleepiness","display_name":"driver sleepiness","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circadian-rhythm","display_name":"circadian rhythm","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blink-rate","display_name":"blink rate","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blink-duration","display_name":"blink duration","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subjective-sleepiness","display_name":"subjective sleepiness","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-restriction","display_name":"sleep restriction","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulation","display_name":"driving simulation","score":0.7639999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6310935020446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364801","display_name":"Sleep deprivation","level":3,"score":0.5815857648849487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121446783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208353","display_name":"Circadian rhythm","level":2,"score":0.555461585521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19720800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7722","display_name":"Morning","level":2,"score":0.5508987903594971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.5002942085266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.47364699840545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95423882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043667","display_name":"Sleep debt","level":4,"score":0.4492810368537903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.42030584812164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2132333219051361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.09195679426193237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08398491144180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.05814531445503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.usq.edu.au:46509","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.usq.edu.au/46509/3/Watling%26Smith%202013%20In%20the%20blink%20of%20an%20eye.pdf","pdf_url":"http://eprints.usq.edu.au/46509/3/Watling%26Smith%202013%20In%20the%20blink%20of%20an%20eye.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400692","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland ePrints (University of Southern Queensland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","host_organization_name":"University of Southern Queensland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item (Commonwealth Reporting Category E)"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.qut.edu.au:62221","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/62221/17/62221.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/62221/17/62221.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402607","display_name":"QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","host_organization_name":"Queensland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2013 Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference","raw_type":"Chapter in Book, Report or Conference volume"},{"id":"mag:17283201","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.qut.edu.au/62221/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W468659","https://openalex.org/W162440901","https://openalex.org/W197066864","https://openalex.org/W254030361","https://openalex.org/W1484981713","https://openalex.org/W1501507639","https://openalex.org/W1514875018","https://openalex.org/W1525675292","https://openalex.org/W1604269194","https://openalex.org/W1867699696","https://openalex.org/W1889822719","https://openalex.org/W1969084607","https://openalex.org/W1992189096","https://openalex.org/W1996395561","https://openalex.org/W2007435391","https://openalex.org/W2010292424","https://openalex.org/W2016424245","https://openalex.org/W2017632595","https://openalex.org/W2022574884","https://openalex.org/W2024910653","https://openalex.org/W2028496679","https://openalex.org/W2035422567","https://openalex.org/W2036719927","https://openalex.org/W2046829441","https://openalex.org/W2048172593","https://openalex.org/W2061290640","https://openalex.org/W2064774602","https://openalex.org/W2067135396","https://openalex.org/W2081671063","https://openalex.org/W2083767335","https://openalex.org/W2087774632","https://openalex.org/W2100336877","https://openalex.org/W2124627936","https://openalex.org/W2126941961","https://openalex.org/W2132164629","https://openalex.org/W2151487996","https://openalex.org/W2170130593","https://openalex.org/W2170131944","https://openalex.org/W2186506264","https://openalex.org/W2286482604","https://openalex.org/W2469702036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2554304926","https://openalex.org/W2126941961","https://openalex.org/W2536527600","https://openalex.org/W60787869","https://openalex.org/W2046996079","https://openalex.org/W2035422567","https://openalex.org/W2127566607","https://openalex.org/W4244047048","https://openalex.org/W7098318853","https://openalex.org/W2951547327"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Driver":[0],"sleepiness":[1,29,54,71,81,167,185,210,233,241],"contributes":[2],"substantially":[3],"to":[4,14,20,78,150,182,226],"fatal":[5],"and":[6,9,133,242],"severe":[7],"crashes":[8,17],"the":[10,37,101,104,115,143,160,171,174,200,220,227,243],"contribution":[11],"it":[12],"makes":[13],"less":[15],"serious":[16],"is":[18],"likely":[19],"as":[21,74,205],"great":[22],"or":[23,155],"greater.":[24],"Currently,":[25],"drivers\u2019":[26,52,80],"awareness":[27,231],"of":[28,39,51,65,70,94,117,130,159,173,202,232,245],"(subjective":[30],"sleepiness)":[31],"remains":[32,235],"a":[33,75,88,123,153,206,236],"critical":[34,237],"component":[35],"for":[36,48,209,239],"mitigation":[38,244],"sleep-related":[40,246],"crashes.":[41,247],"Nonetheless,":[42],"numerous":[43],"calls":[44],"have":[45,109],"been":[46],"made":[47],"technological":[49],"monitors":[50],"physiological":[53,68,128],"levels":[55,64,168],"so":[56],"drivers":[57],"can":[58,108],"be":[59],"\u2018alerted\u2019":[60],"when":[61,224],"approaching":[62],"high":[63],"sleepiness.":[66],"Several":[67],"indices":[69,86,204],"show":[72,165],"potential":[73],"reliable":[76,207],"metric":[77,208],"monitor":[79],"levels,":[82],"with":[83],"eye":[84,95,111],"blink":[85,96,131,177,203,228],"being":[87],"promising":[89],"candidate.":[90],"However,":[91],"extensive":[92],"evaluations":[93],"measures":[97,129,218],"are":[98,211],"lacking":[99],"including":[100],"effects":[102,145],"that":[103,199],"endogenous":[105],"circadian":[106,144],"rhythm":[107],"on":[110],"blinks.":[112],"To":[113,141],"examine":[114,142],"utility":[116,201],"ocular":[118],"measures,":[119],"26":[120],"participants":[121,146],"completed":[122],"simulated":[124],"driving":[125,161],"task":[126],"while":[127],"rate":[132],"duration":[134,172,178],"were":[135,147],"recorded":[136],"after":[137],"partial":[138],"sleep":[139],"restriction.":[140],"randomly":[148],"assigned":[149],"complete":[151],"either":[152],"morning":[154,187],"an":[156],"afternoon":[157,194],"session":[158],"task.":[162,175],"The":[163,176,216],"results":[164],"subjective":[166,217],"increased":[169],"over":[170],"index":[179],"was":[180,190],"sensitive":[181,192],"increases":[183],"in":[184],"during":[186,193],"testing,":[188],"but":[189],"not":[191],"testing.":[195],"This":[196],"finding":[197],"suggests":[198],"still":[212,234],"far":[213],"from":[214],"specific.":[215],"had":[219],"largest":[221],"effect":[222],"size":[223],"compared":[225],"measures.":[229],"Therefore,":[230],"factor":[238],"driver":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
