{"id":"https://openalex.org/W170471867","doi":null,"title":"The perception of facial asymmetry","display_name":"The perception of facial asymmetry","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W170471867","mag":"170471867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.bham.ac.uk:4003","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","pdf_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402357","display_name":"University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054639720","display_name":"Grainne McAvinchey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Grainne McAvinchey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054639720"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10356","display_name":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3505","display_name":"Orthodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10356","display_name":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3505","display_name":"Orthodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12417","display_name":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-asymmetry","display_name":"facial asymmetry","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontists","display_name":"orthodontists","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-students","display_name":"dental students","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laypeople","display_name":"laypeople","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer-gender","display_name":"observer gender","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-aesthetics","display_name":"facial aesthetics","score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-surgery","display_name":"facial surgery","score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-facial-images","display_name":"3D facial images","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38976095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752641","display_name":"Asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.7454506754875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779881321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82714","display_name":"Chin","level":2,"score":0.6766238212585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6368104815483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178195510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013040","display_name":"Facial symmetry","level":2,"score":0.6249241232872009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5924252867698669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.4895664155483246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161657702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529895","display_name":"Face perception","level":3,"score":0.4784664809703827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.4643924832344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4528549313545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4237407147884369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.41054394841194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35445597767829895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.33477887511253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.18991383910179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.16121160984039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10154592990875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.06974261999130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.bham.ac.uk:4003","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","pdf_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402357","display_name":"University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uilis.unsyiah.ac.id:55826","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://uilis.unsyiah.ac.id/opentheses/items/show/55826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196378","display_name":"UPT. Syiah Kuala University Library (Syiah Kuala University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187494767","host_organization_name":"Universitas Syiah Kuala","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187494767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:170471867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etheses.bham.ac.uk:4003","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","pdf_url":"http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/4003/1/McAvinchey13MPhil.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402357","display_name":"University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W170471867.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W170471867.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124218220","https://openalex.org/W206873140","https://openalex.org/W644410286","https://openalex.org/W1588429859","https://openalex.org/W1739984912","https://openalex.org/W1916900713","https://openalex.org/W1968022381","https://openalex.org/W1970696656","https://openalex.org/W1984370299","https://openalex.org/W1988736700","https://openalex.org/W1993504292","https://openalex.org/W2001896674","https://openalex.org/W2008266865","https://openalex.org/W2010151443","https://openalex.org/W2015714578","https://openalex.org/W2017911378","https://openalex.org/W2017998013","https://openalex.org/W2019014255","https://openalex.org/W2028711199","https://openalex.org/W2032257663","https://openalex.org/W2034861541","https://openalex.org/W2039176664","https://openalex.org/W2062703994","https://openalex.org/W2066356352","https://openalex.org/W2067644418","https://openalex.org/W2069364564","https://openalex.org/W2076837933","https://openalex.org/W2079284460","https://openalex.org/W2080571215","https://openalex.org/W2081101285","https://openalex.org/W2086425666","https://openalex.org/W2087500168","https://openalex.org/W2095866866","https://openalex.org/W2099001302","https://openalex.org/W2100459808","https://openalex.org/W2103204289","https://openalex.org/W2106063932","https://openalex.org/W2107725825","https://openalex.org/W2109951149","https://openalex.org/W2112149995","https://openalex.org/W2113848261","https://openalex.org/W2117963943","https://openalex.org/W2121060527","https://openalex.org/W2121210932","https://openalex.org/W2122696380","https://openalex.org/W2127651456","https://openalex.org/W2131829795","https://openalex.org/W2150115611","https://openalex.org/W2153921066","https://openalex.org/W2161288203","https://openalex.org/W2184424766","https://openalex.org/W2221848855","https://openalex.org/W2319843920","https://openalex.org/W2326697705","https://openalex.org/W2411997470","https://openalex.org/W2485932441","https://openalex.org/W4246550143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069256745","https://openalex.org/W3175097797","https://openalex.org/W2887404419","https://openalex.org/W2109951149","https://openalex.org/W4402370446","https://openalex.org/W2976487079","https://openalex.org/W2743985493","https://openalex.org/W4411211169","https://openalex.org/W3013912424","https://openalex.org/W4389179666"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,49,116],"objective":[1],"of":[2,10,32,74,80,85,91,97,108,114,118],"this":[3],"study":[4],"was":[5,121,133],"to":[6,44,70,123,161,193],"assess":[7],"the":[8,54,72,78,83,86,89,92,95,98,101,106,119,141,144,174,178],"perception":[9,73,107],"facial":[11,75],"asymmetry,":[12,109],"as":[13,59],"assessed":[14,53],"by":[15],"different":[16],"observer":[17,51,120],"groups":[18,52],"(lay":[19],"people,":[20],"dental":[21,23],"students,":[22],"care":[24],"professionals,":[25],"dentists":[26],"and":[27,34,39,82,94,153,164,185],"orthodontists).":[28],"Average":[29],"3d":[30],"images":[31,129],"male":[33],"female":[35],"faces":[36],"were":[37,42,130],"produced":[38],"subsequent":[40],"deviations":[41],"applied":[43],"simulate":[45],"chin":[46],"point":[47],"asymmetry.":[48,115],"five":[50],"images,":[55],"rating":[56],"each":[57],"image":[58],"either;":[60],"normal,":[61,163],"acceptable":[62],"or":[63],"would":[64],"benefit":[65],"from":[66],"correction.":[67],"Factors":[68],"found":[69,122],"influence":[71,126],"asymmetry":[76,81,93,102],"included":[77],"degree":[79],"profession":[84],"observer,":[87],"while":[88],"direction":[90],"gender":[96,117],"individual":[99],"with":[100],"did":[103],"not":[104],"affect":[105],"except":[110],"for":[111],"discrete":[112],"levels":[113],"have":[124],"no":[125],"on":[127],"how":[128],"rated.":[131],"There":[132],"a":[134,166],"highly":[135],"significant":[136,168],"difference":[137,169],"(P":[138,170],"<0.001)":[139],"between":[140],"range":[142],"that":[143],"lay":[145,179],"people":[146,180],"(0":[147,155],"\u2013":[148,156],"5.60":[149],"\u00b1":[150,158,182,188],"2.68":[151],"mm)":[152,184,190],"orthodontists":[154,186],"3.60":[157],"1.54mm)":[159],"considered":[160,191],"be":[162,194],"similarly":[165],"statistically":[167],"=":[171],"0.001)":[172],"at":[173,176],"level":[175],"which":[177],"(11.79":[181],"4.04":[183],"(9.73":[187],"2.98":[189],"surgery":[192],"appropriate.":[195],"\\n":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}