{"id":"https://openalex.org/W169625879","doi":null,"title":"Simulating a Federal Legislature","display_name":"Simulating a Federal Legislature","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W169625879","mag":"169625879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:169625879","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://faculty.washington.edu/jwilker/353/simulating.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764863161","display_name":"Academic exchange quarterly","issn_l":"1096-1453","issn":["1096-1453"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327894278","host_organization_name":"Rapid Intellect Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327894278"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rapid Intellect Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Academic exchange quarterly","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112036981","display_name":"John Wilkerson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Wilkerson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055316307","display_name":"R. M. Fruland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. M. Fruland","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8249,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91277451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"38","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12978","display_name":"Innovative Teaching Methodologies in Social Sciences","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12978","display_name":"Innovative Teaching Methodologies in Social Sciences","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11859","display_name":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-based-simulation","display_name":"web-based simulation","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-simulation","display_name":"computer simulation","score":0.49300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-studies-education","display_name":"social studies education","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experiential-learning","display_name":"experiential learning","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-centered-learning","display_name":"student-centered learning","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning-tools","display_name":"online learning tools","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-communities","display_name":"learning communities","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-process","display_name":"legislative process","score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/didactic-teaching","display_name":"didactic teaching","score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-self-efficacy","display_name":"student self-efficacy","score":0.42899999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.5412023663520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.5357436537742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199776023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202875","display_name":"Negotiation","level":2,"score":0.48753735423088074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201610","display_name":"Status quo","level":2,"score":0.433923602104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321703","display_name":"Premise","level":2,"score":0.42878037691116333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.42623788118362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18296254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395219","display_name":"Skepticism","level":2,"score":0.42429038882255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4230082631111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.41973528265953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4113750457763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3864983916282654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3066590428352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20675760507583618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.15628540515899658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15463310480117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:169625879","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://faculty.washington.edu/jwilker/353/simulating.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764863161","display_name":"Academic exchange quarterly","issn_l":"1096-1453","issn":["1096-1453"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327894278","host_organization_name":"Rapid Intellect Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327894278"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rapid Intellect Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Academic exchange quarterly","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1888214","https://openalex.org/W1497503445","https://openalex.org/W1511827303","https://openalex.org/W1529326174","https://openalex.org/W1574693949","https://openalex.org/W1980850924","https://openalex.org/W1987930784","https://openalex.org/W1996471421","https://openalex.org/W2010688741","https://openalex.org/W2013995548","https://openalex.org/W2020067226","https://openalex.org/W2032267485","https://openalex.org/W2036789697","https://openalex.org/W2116199508","https://openalex.org/W2117573980","https://openalex.org/W2120819170","https://openalex.org/W2143176882","https://openalex.org/W2144846366","https://openalex.org/W2145902779","https://openalex.org/W2164540423","https://openalex.org/W2169885611","https://openalex.org/W2243496244","https://openalex.org/W2283630310","https://openalex.org/W2462868845","https://openalex.org/W2727426218","https://openalex.org/W2906612859","https://openalex.org/W2988934653","https://openalex.org/W3128690923","https://openalex.org/W4253757790"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2256713885","https://openalex.org/W2921070627","https://openalex.org/W2023557398","https://openalex.org/W330176441","https://openalex.org/W2268561728","https://openalex.org/W1983299892","https://openalex.org/W2045691273","https://openalex.org/W4406872232","https://openalex.org/W1996540000","https://openalex.org/W2286806532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"article":[2],"describes":[3],"implementation":[4],"of":[5,134,183,199,231,263,278,308,328,356,359,430,433,482,490],"an":[6],"online":[7],"learning":[8,70,167,179],"tool":[9],"designed":[10,129,387],"to":[11,45,54,130,227,259,289,321,399,465,513,547],"complement":[12],"traditional":[13],"didactic":[14],"teaching.":[15],"LegSim":[16],"is":[17,51,369],"a":[18,69,147,232,276,291,367,379,428],"web-based":[19,234],"virtual":[20],"legislature":[21],"that":[22,156,435],"students":[23,58,426],"organize":[24],"and":[25,32,38,41,43,62,75,80,85,100,107,186,201,237,252,256,270,304,311,325,340,352,374,419,447,450,468,475,520],"operate.":[26],"They":[27],"represent":[28,400],"constituents,":[29],"choose":[30],"leaders":[31],"allocate":[33],"committee":[34],"positions,":[35],"sponsor,":[36],"co-sponsor,":[37],"research":[39],"legislation,":[40],"negotiate":[42],"strategize":[44],"advance":[46],"their":[47,66],"policy":[48],"priorities.":[49],"Instruction":[50],"flexibly":[52],"adapted":[53],"changing":[55],"events":[56],"as":[57,175,275,302,378,421,423,549],"acquire":[59],"conceptual,":[60],"procedural,":[61],"operational":[63],"knowledge":[64],"through":[65,282,330],"participation":[67],"in":[68,97,109,121,137,168,180,246,393,417,445,516],"community.":[71],"Introduction":[72],"I":[73,78,83,86],"hear":[74],"l":[76],"forget.":[77],"see":[79],"1":[81],"remember.":[82],"do":[84],"understand.":[87],"K'ung-fu-tzu,":[88],"Chinese":[89],"philosopher":[90],"&":[91,297,405,501],"reformer":[92],"(551":[93],"BC-479":[94],"BC)":[95],"Advances":[96],"communication":[98],"technologies":[99],"media":[101],"have":[102,114,413],"dramatically":[103],"influenced":[104],"economics,":[105],"politics,":[106],"society":[108],"recent":[110],"decades.":[111],"These":[112],"advances":[113,456],"had":[115],"less":[116],"impact":[117],"on":[118,215,495],"teaching":[119],"practices,":[120],"part,":[122],"because":[123,314],"there":[124],"are":[125,211,306,338,350,376],"few":[126],"technological":[127],"innovations":[128],"serve":[131],"the":[132,138,169,181,196,220,229,326,360,396,431,438,458,471,483,488,505],"needs":[133],"educators,":[135],"particularly":[136],"social":[139,142,170,248],"sciences.":[140],"Thus,":[141],"science":[143,249],"instruction":[144],"remains":[145],"primarily":[146],"didactic,":[148],"book-centered":[149],"process.":[150],"In":[151,347,363],"this":[152],"article,":[153],"we":[154,224,239],"argue":[155],"computer-based":[157,509],"simulations":[158,202,241,257,349,412,469,486,510],"offer":[159,316],"qualitatively":[160],"different":[161],"tools":[162],"for":[163,177,487],"supporting":[164],"student-centered,":[165],"experiential":[166,365],"sciences,":[171],"two":[172],"factors":[173],"identified":[174],"important":[176,245],"promoting":[178],"fields":[182],"engineering,":[184],"science,":[185],"medicine":[187],"(Bransford":[188],"et":[189],"al.":[190],"2000).":[191],"Despite":[192],"growing":[193],"claims":[194],"about":[195],"educational":[197],"benefits":[198],"games":[200,255,467],"(Gee,":[203],"2003;":[204],"Prensky,":[205],"2001;":[206],"Sawyer,":[207],"2002),":[208],"many":[209],"educators":[210],"understandably":[212],"skeptical.":[213],"Drawing":[214],"our":[216],"own":[217],"experiences":[218],"over":[219,382],"past":[221],"5":[222],"years,":[223],"can":[225,272,341],"begin":[226],"describe":[228],"affordances":[230],"particular":[233],"legislative":[235],"simulation,":[236],"why":[238],"believe":[240],"will":[242],"be":[243,273,342,535],"increasingly":[244],"future":[247],"education.":[250],"Games":[251,336],"Simulations":[253],"Both":[254],"seek":[258],"model":[260],"some":[261,323,357,481],"type":[262],"dynamic":[264],"system,":[265],"either":[266],"real":[267,361],"or":[268,345,530],"imagined,":[269],"therefore,":[271],"defined":[274],"collection":[277],"related":[279],"parts,":[280],"which,":[281],"interactions":[283],"with":[284],"each":[285],"other,":[286],"function":[287],"together":[288],"create":[290],"complex":[292],"whole":[293],"(Kauffman,":[294],"1980;":[295,333],"Salen":[296],"Zimmerman,":[298],"2004).":[299,335,385],"Games,":[300],"such":[301,364],"chess":[303],"Go,":[305],"thousands":[307],"years":[309],"old,":[310],"motivate":[312],"play":[313],"they":[315],"clear":[317],"goals,":[318],"multiple":[319],"ways":[320,464],"win,":[322],"learner-control,":[324],"possibility":[327],"proficiency":[329],"repetition":[331],"(Malone,":[332],"Gredler,":[334],"typically":[337],"goal-driven,":[339],"highly":[343],"abstract":[344],"fantasy-based.":[346],"contrast,":[348],"open-ended,":[351],"usually,":[353],"realistic":[354,401],"representations":[355],"aspect":[358],"world.":[362],"simulations,":[366],"scenario":[368],"presented,":[370],"players":[371],"assume":[372],"roles,":[373],"decisions":[375],"made":[377],"situation":[380],"unfolds":[381],"time":[383],"(Gredler,":[384],"Kriegsspiel,":[386],"by":[388],"Prussian":[389],"lieutenant":[390],"yon":[391],"Reisswitz":[392],"1824,":[394],"was":[395],"first":[397],"attempt":[398],"battlefield":[402],"situations":[403],"(Bonk":[404],"Dennen,":[406],"2005;":[407],"von":[408],"Reisswitz,":[409],"1824).":[410],"Case-based":[411],"been":[414],"traditionally":[415],"used":[416,444,512],"law":[418],"medicine;":[420],"early":[422],"1926,":[424],"college":[425],"created":[427],"simulation":[429],"League":[432],"Nations":[434,442],"later":[436],"became":[437],"popular":[439],"Model":[440],"United":[441],"widely":[443],"middle":[446],"high":[448],"schools,":[449],"colleges":[451],"today":[452],"(Muldoon,":[453],"1995).":[454],"Technological":[455],"during":[457],"Second":[459,506],"World":[460,507],"War":[461],"introduced":[462],"new":[463],"instantiate":[466],"using":[470],"computer's":[472],"computational":[473],"speed":[474],"programmable":[476],"functionality.":[477],"Social":[478],"scientists":[479],"developed":[480],"earliest":[484],"computer":[485],"purpose":[489],"studying":[491],"economic":[492],"behavior":[493],"based":[494],"formal":[496],"game":[497],"theory":[498],"(von":[499],"Neumann":[500],"Morgenstern,":[502],"1944).":[503],"After":[504],"War,":[508],"were":[511,526],"study":[514],"problems":[515],"business,":[517],"meteorology,":[518],"defense,":[519],"numerous":[521],"other":[522],"fields,":[523],"where":[524],"experiments":[525],"not":[527],"physically,":[528],"financially,":[529],"ethically":[531],"feasible,":[532],"but":[533],"could":[534],"mathematically":[536],"modeled":[537],"(Forrester,":[538],"1961;":[539],"Levenson,":[540],"1989;":[541],"Shubik,":[542],"1982).":[543],"Gredler":[544],"(2004)":[545],"refers":[546],"these":[548],"symbolic":[550],"simulations.":[551],"\u2026":[552]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}