{"id":"https://openalex.org/W169190682","doi":null,"title":"Condensation-induced waterhammer in a vertical upfill pipe","display_name":"Condensation-induced waterhammer in a vertical upfill pipe","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W169190682","mag":"169190682"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:169190682","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/437018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764744641","display_name":"Transactions of the American Nuclear Society","issn_l":"0003-018X","issn":["0003-018X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320108","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320108","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature (Netherlands)","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the American Nuclear Society","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043318270","display_name":"E. A. Zaltsgendler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. A. Zaltsgendler","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113468854","display_name":"A. Tahir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Tahir","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027112574","display_name":"R.K. Leung","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.K. Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12560","display_name":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2104","display_name":"Nuclear Energy and Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12560","display_name":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2104","display_name":"Nuclear Energy and Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10850","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies","score":0.013299999758601189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcooled-water","display_name":"subcooled water","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saturated-steam","display_name":"saturated steam","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-spikes","display_name":"pressure peaks","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-scatter","display_name":"data scatter","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-hydraulic-codes","display_name":"thermal-hydraulic codes","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-power-plant-piping","display_name":"nuclear power plant piping","score":0.7229999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115139850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7630971","display_name":"Subcooling","level":3,"score":0.8659467101097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779095084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3679502","display_name":"Piping","level":2,"score":0.7428130507469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90610171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1517381","display_name":"Ball valve","level":2,"score":0.6095502376556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.531956672668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28185617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334037","display_name":"Relief valve","level":2,"score":0.47827208042144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200093464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166583","display_name":"Condensation","level":2,"score":0.47033175826072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.42388346791267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4116639494895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.37450361251831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.368660032749176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.35378462076187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2646401822566986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26349076628685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2509020268917084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.21169060468673706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20995664596557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.1744316816329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:169190682","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/437018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764744641","display_name":"Transactions of the American Nuclear Society","issn_l":"0003-018X","issn":["0003-018X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320108","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320108","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature (Netherlands)","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the American Nuclear Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979033528","https://openalex.org/W4285489782","https://openalex.org/W3215356076","https://openalex.org/W4416032775","https://openalex.org/W4393333516","https://openalex.org/W3126549869","https://openalex.org/W7140307337","https://openalex.org/W4401208391","https://openalex.org/W7017879447","https://openalex.org/W2766251595"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Waterhammer":[0],"can":[1],"be":[2],"defined":[3],"as":[4,41,43],"a":[5,11,16,35,62,67,97,124,177,235],"rapid":[6,32],"pressure":[7,28,105,120],"increase":[8],"occurring":[9],"in":[10,19,44,66],"piping":[12],"system":[13],"caused":[14],"by":[15,88,142,174],"sudden":[17],"change":[18],"the":[20,27,82,137,143,153,181,210,217,220,226,231],"liquid":[21],"velocity.":[22],"A":[23],"classic":[24],"example":[25],"is":[26,61,76,87,204],"spike":[29,106,121],"due":[30,69],"to":[31,70,168,205,215,224],"closure":[33],"of":[34,59,81,201,209,228,230],"valve.":[36,179],"In":[37,150],"nuclear":[38,147],"power":[39],"plants,":[40,46],"well":[42],"conventional":[45],"there":[47],"are":[48],"other":[49],"mechanisms":[50],"for":[51,113,136,213,219],"initiating":[52],"waterhammer":[53,78,104,119],"aside":[54],"from":[55,166],"valve":[56],"closure.":[57],"One":[58,80],"them":[60],"steam":[63,163],"bubble":[64],"collapse":[65],"pipe":[68],"contact":[71],"with":[72],"subcooled":[73,154],"water.":[74],"This":[75,189],"condensation-induced":[77],"(CIWH).":[79],"important":[83],"papers":[84],"on":[85],"CIWH":[86],"Chou":[89],"and":[90,101,117,223],"Griffith.":[91],"The":[92,162,170],"tests":[93],"were":[94,172],"performed":[95],"at":[96,130,195],"small":[98],"driving":[99,115],"force":[100],"consequently":[102],"low":[103],"({approximately}70":[107],"kPa).":[108],"To":[109],"get":[110],"experimental":[111,182],"data":[112,185,190,221],"large":[114,194],"forces":[116],"high":[118,196],"({approximately}10":[122],"MPa),":[123],"test":[125],"facility":[126],"has":[127,139,156],"been":[128,140,157],"built":[129],"Ontario":[131,144],"Hydro":[132,145],"Technologies":[133],"(OHT).":[134],"Funding":[135],"work":[138],"provided":[141],"Darlington":[146],"generating":[148],"station.":[149],"these":[151],"experiments,":[152],"water":[155],"injected":[158],"into":[159,234],"saturated":[160],"steam.":[161],"temperature":[164,197],"ranged":[165],"100":[167],"142{degrees}C.":[169],"experiments":[171],"initiated":[173],"quickly":[175],"opening":[176],"ball":[178],"During":[180],"program,":[183],"significant":[184],"scatter":[186,191],"was":[187,192],"recorded.":[188],"very":[193],"(142{degrees}C).":[198],"Themore\u00a0\u00bb":[199],"purpose":[200],"this":[202],"paper":[203],"develop":[206],"an":[207],"understanding":[208],"main":[211],"phenomena":[212],"CIWH,":[214],"define":[216],"reason":[218],"scatter,":[222],"illustrate":[225],"results":[227],"implementation":[229],"proposed":[232],"mechanism":[233],"thermal-hydraulic":[236],"code.\u00ab\u00a0less":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
