{"id":"https://openalex.org/W169119564","doi":null,"title":"The contribution of pleiotropy to blood pressure and body-mass index variation: the Gubbio Study.","display_name":"The contribution of pleiotropy to blood pressure and body-mass index variation: the Gubbio Study.","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W169119564","mag":"169119564","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8304351","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1918169"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8304351","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8304351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of human genetics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1918169/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077225971","display_name":"Nicholas J. Schork","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-5013","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-5013"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N J Schork","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108589956","display_name":"Alan B. Weder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A B Weder","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085072754","display_name":"M. Trevisan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-6839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-6839"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Trevisan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088216487","display_name":"Martino W. Laurenzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5470-2628","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5470-2628"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Laurenzi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3699,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78616825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"2","first_page":"361","last_page":"73"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.04859999939799309,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pleiotropy","display_name":"pleiotropy","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"blood pressure","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance-component-models","display_name":"variance component models","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-genetic-effects","display_name":"additive genetic effects","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritability","display_name":"heritability","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-phenotype","display_name":"cardiovascular phenotype","score":0.5860000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26207810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134884","display_name":"Pleiotropy","level":4,"score":0.8362878561019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64341305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4919225","display_name":"Bivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.7190853357315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6854923963546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.6255187392234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5696733593940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5624717473983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81941488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853421","display_name":"Quantitative trait locus","level":3,"score":0.5586895942687988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.5576977729797363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68873052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856","display_name":"Genetic variation","level":3,"score":0.5332208871841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4312538802623749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.37940624356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.36508941650390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.24013152718544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.17050451040267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13405531644821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001835","descriptor_name":"Body Weight","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8304351","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8304351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of human genetics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1918169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1918169/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Hum Genet","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:169119564","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8304351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1918169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1918169/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Hum Genet","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7869608730","display_name":"GENETIC TRANSMISSION OF BLOOD PRESSURE","funder_award_id":"R03HL048957","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8232825753","display_name":"FIVE-YR FOLLOWUP, GUBBIO STUDY--LCT, BP, OTHER VARIABLES","funder_award_id":"R01HL040397","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525286886","https://openalex.org/W1528835615","https://openalex.org/W1767135237","https://openalex.org/W1770821769","https://openalex.org/W1903575303","https://openalex.org/W1932595303","https://openalex.org/W1975310564","https://openalex.org/W1990357055","https://openalex.org/W2026384750","https://openalex.org/W2027849550","https://openalex.org/W2038060058","https://openalex.org/W2042625711","https://openalex.org/W2053053710","https://openalex.org/W2057472600","https://openalex.org/W2061599143","https://openalex.org/W2066291701","https://openalex.org/W2073264424","https://openalex.org/W2089999561","https://openalex.org/W2114956383","https://openalex.org/W2156742296","https://openalex.org/W2162852088","https://openalex.org/W2297719623"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2323124146","https://openalex.org/W208932916","https://openalex.org/W2034695963","https://openalex.org/W2244264587","https://openalex.org/W2120521590","https://openalex.org/W7098375102","https://openalex.org/W2171534908","https://openalex.org/W2026246568","https://openalex.org/W2337131409","https://openalex.org/W2038520484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blood":[0],"pressure":[1],"(BP),":[2],"body-mass":[3],"index":[4],"(BMI),":[5],"and":[6,53,74,92,202,210,235,256,270,283],"quantitative":[7,199],"phenotypes":[8,38,201],"thought":[9],"to":[10,32,64,70,102,148],"influence":[11],"BP":[12,73,91,149,178,234,239],"(e.g.,":[13],"lithium-sodium":[14],"countertransport":[15],"activity)":[16],"were":[17,30,157],"studied":[18],"in":[19,25,72,76,190,241,254],"2,184":[20],"households":[21],"comprising":[22],"5,376":[23],"people":[24],"Gubbio,":[26],"Italy.":[27],"Variance-components":[28],"models":[29,253],"used":[31],"partition":[33],"the":[34,42,61,66,95,114,138,152,164,172,193,203,227,230,236,242,249,262,278],"variation":[35,71,116,150,179,240],"of":[36,44,60,68,94,117,167,177,192,216,229,233,238,251,264,280],"these":[37],"into":[39,128],"components":[40],"characterizing":[41],"effects":[43,187],"age-related,":[45],"measured":[46],"environmental,":[47],"additive":[48],"genetic,":[49],"pleiotropic,":[50],"unmeasured":[51],"shared-household,":[52],"individual-specific":[54],"(or":[55],"random)":[56],"factors.":[57],"The":[58],"goal":[59],"investigation":[62],"was":[63,161],"estimate":[65],"contribution":[67],"pleiotropy":[69],"BMI":[75,160],"population-based":[77],"samples.":[78],"Although":[79],"our":[80,265,281],"results":[81,156,220,266],"suggest":[82],"that":[83,124,140,171],"numerous":[84],"significant":[85,175],"bivariate":[86,110,185],"genetic":[87,268],"correlations":[88,206],"exist":[89],"between":[90,207],"some":[93],"traits":[96,126],"investigated,":[97],"they":[98],"ultimately":[99],"lead":[100],"us":[101],"reject":[103],"a":[104],"prominent":[105],"role":[106],"for":[107,267,285],"any":[108],"individual":[109,182],"pleiotropic":[111,130,141,186],"system":[112],"influencing":[113],"natural":[115],"BP.":[118],"However,":[119],"because":[120],"we":[121,134],"found":[122],"evidence":[123],"many":[125,211],"enter":[127],"small-impact":[129],"relationships":[131],"with":[132,198],"BP,":[133,208],"cannot":[135],"rule":[136],"out":[137],"possibility":[139],"genes,":[142],"when":[143,159],"considered":[144],"collectively,":[145],"may":[146],"contribute":[147],"at":[151,244],"population":[153,243,257],"level.":[154],"Similar":[155],"obtained":[158],"taken":[162],"as":[163,275,277],"primary":[165],"variable":[166],"interest.":[168],"We":[169,260],"argue":[170],"small":[173],"but":[174,246],"portion":[176],"explained":[180],"by":[181],"genes":[183],"displaying":[184],"is":[188],"intuitive,":[189],"light":[191],"relatively":[194],"low":[195,204],"heritabilities":[196],"associated":[197],"cardiovascular":[200,217],"phenotypic":[205],"BMI,":[209],"other":[212],"physiologically":[213],"linked":[214],"measures":[215],"function.":[218],"Our":[219],"not":[221],"only":[222],"bear":[223],"directly":[224],"on":[225],"both":[226],"nature":[228],"multifactorial":[231],"determinants":[232],"maintenance":[237],"large,":[245],"also":[247],"emphasize":[248],"utility":[250],"variance-components":[252],"epidemiologic":[255],"genetics":[258],"research.":[259,287],"discuss":[261],"implications":[263],"epidemiologists":[269],"medical":[271],"researchers":[272],"studying":[273],"hypertension,":[274],"well":[276],"limitations":[279],"study":[282],"areas":[284],"future":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
