{"id":"https://openalex.org/W168821930","doi":null,"title":"Physical Attractiveness as a Signal of Biological Quality","display_name":"Physical Attractiveness as a Signal of Biological Quality","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W168821930","mag":"168821930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:utupub.fi:11111/26601","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/11111/26601","pdf_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/bitstreams/59b6787f-f14f-4e06-b590-42015c958732/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402470","display_name":"UTUPub (University of Turku)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","host_organization_name":"University of Turku","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/97057","raw_type":"fi=Artikkeliv\u00e4it\u00f6skirja|en=Doctoral dissertation (article-based)|"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/bitstreams/59b6787f-f14f-4e06-b590-42015c958732/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016372661","display_name":"Markus J. Rantala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-8741","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-8741"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Markus J. Rantala","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-8741","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016372661"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-attractiveness","display_name":"physical attractiveness","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mate-choice","display_name":"mate choice","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-attractiveness","display_name":"facial attractiveness","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-function","display_name":"immune function","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testosterone","display_name":"testosterone","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortisol","display_name":"cortisol","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-odor","display_name":"body odor","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-fat","display_name":"fat mass","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasite-stress","display_name":"parasite stress","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotypic-quality","display_name":"phenotypic quality","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-selection","display_name":"natural selection","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-hormones","display_name":"stress hormones","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adiposity","display_name":"adiposity","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masculinity","display_name":"masculinity","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility-cues","display_name":"fertility cues","score":0.36000001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31173074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632514","display_name":"Attractiveness","level":2,"score":0.9039224982261658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779279991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058681","display_name":"Testosterone (patch)","level":2,"score":0.7258744835853577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779103072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076509","display_name":"Masculinity","level":2,"score":0.6903564929962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780620123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7242","display_name":"Beauty","level":2,"score":0.6780494451522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6173445582389832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.6146976351737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130981225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206913","display_name":"Sexual selection","level":2,"score":0.4609912037849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4472697973251343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54779947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209263","display_name":"Mate choice","level":3,"score":0.4190344512462616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.35654380917549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514575182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228395","display_name":"Mating","level":2,"score":0.26139575242996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.23179534077644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.20015156269073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.11592599749565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:utupub.fi:11111/26601","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/11111/26601","pdf_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/bitstreams/59b6787f-f14f-4e06-b590-42015c958732/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402470","display_name":"UTUPub (University of Turku)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","host_organization_name":"University of Turku","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/97057","raw_type":"fi=Artikkeliv\u00e4it\u00f6skirja|en=Doctoral dissertation (article-based)|"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.utupub.fi:10024/97057","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/97057","pdf_url":"http://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/97057","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402470","display_name":"UTUPub (University of Turku)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","host_organization_name":"University of Turku","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"fi=Artikkeliv\u00e4it\u00f6skirja|en=Doctoral dissertation (article-based)|"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.doria.fi:10024/97057","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/97057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196760","display_name":"Doria (University of Helsinki)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","host_organization_name":"University of Helsinki","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Doctoral thesis (article-based)"},{"id":"mag:168821930","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.doria.fi/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10024/97057/AnnalesB388Rantala.pdf?sequence=2","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:utupub.fi:11111/26601","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/11111/26601","pdf_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/bitstreams/59b6787f-f14f-4e06-b590-42015c958732/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402470","display_name":"UTUPub (University of Turku)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","host_organization_name":"University of Turku","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/97057","raw_type":"fi=Artikkeliv\u00e4it\u00f6skirja|en=Doctoral dissertation (article-based)|"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W168821930.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W168821930.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":119,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49830177","https://openalex.org/W50580020","https://openalex.org/W609593148","https://openalex.org/W1614153315","https://openalex.org/W1647051175","https://openalex.org/W1659631989","https://openalex.org/W1752299843","https://openalex.org/W1872053182","https://openalex.org/W1957277773","https://openalex.org/W1968132343","https://openalex.org/W1968892147","https://openalex.org/W1969216851","https://openalex.org/W1973646592","https://openalex.org/W1978553454","https://openalex.org/W1979995329","https://openalex.org/W1984559772","https://openalex.org/W1985398572","https://openalex.org/W1989761784","https://openalex.org/W1992841036","https://openalex.org/W1993438618","https://openalex.org/W2000323501","https://openalex.org/W2000799891","https://openalex.org/W2000871817","https://openalex.org/W2001301075","https://openalex.org/W2008287087","https://openalex.org/W2011666291","https://openalex.org/W2013655443","https://openalex.org/W2016391834","https://openalex.org/W2017421307","https://openalex.org/W2019878496","https://openalex.org/W2029318443","https://openalex.org/W2030495955","https://openalex.org/W2033871860","https://openalex.org/W2036073421","https://openalex.org/W2036287649","https://openalex.org/W2039355532","https://openalex.org/W2039706464","https://openalex.org/W2040269228","https://openalex.org/W2043637778","https://openalex.org/W2046078757","https://openalex.org/W2052735134","https://openalex.org/W2054742989","https://openalex.org/W2054843876","https://openalex.org/W2063639697","https://openalex.org/W2064103479","https://openalex.org/W2066221191","https://openalex.org/W2066356352","https://openalex.org/W2067482350","https://openalex.org/W2068190692","https://openalex.org/W2069497285","https://openalex.org/W2070589063","https://openalex.org/W2072695260","https://openalex.org/W2078121933","https://openalex.org/W2078776028","https://openalex.org/W2084797882","https://openalex.org/W2085320123","https://openalex.org/W2088165831","https://openalex.org/W2090953899","https://openalex.org/W2091531983","https://openalex.org/W2097939830","https://openalex.org/W2098978369","https://openalex.org/W2099690037","https://openalex.org/W2099841507","https://openalex.org/W2105255849","https://openalex.org/W2107137318","https://openalex.org/W2109131374","https://openalex.org/W2112083481","https://openalex.org/W2114275323","https://openalex.org/W2115719336","https://openalex.org/W2116694252","https://openalex.org/W2117179008","https://openalex.org/W2118602431","https://openalex.org/W2119204084","https://openalex.org/W2120598700","https://openalex.org/W2120824177","https://openalex.org/W2121320699","https://openalex.org/W2122156635","https://openalex.org/W2122825788","https://openalex.org/W2125633666","https://openalex.org/W2128472512","https://openalex.org/W2130010806","https://openalex.org/W2131119446","https://openalex.org/W2132239443","https://openalex.org/W2134185442","https://openalex.org/W2135125687","https://openalex.org/W2135260131","https://openalex.org/W2135758341","https://openalex.org/W2138074052","https://openalex.org/W2139876942","https://openalex.org/W2140616571","https://openalex.org/W2141871714","https://openalex.org/W2150626929","https://openalex.org/W2150738518","https://openalex.org/W2154436019","https://openalex.org/W2155189384","https://openalex.org/W2155676751","https://openalex.org/W2156251367","https://openalex.org/W2156302063","https://openalex.org/W2159487722","https://openalex.org/W2160636063","https://openalex.org/W2161001082","https://openalex.org/W2161899020","https://openalex.org/W2162604569","https://openalex.org/W2162961497","https://openalex.org/W2165184726","https://openalex.org/W2166711410","https://openalex.org/W2168358609","https://openalex.org/W2169029547","https://openalex.org/W2171390838","https://openalex.org/W2313149515","https://openalex.org/W2314415010","https://openalex.org/W2329957018","https://openalex.org/W2769624863","https://openalex.org/W2902377929","https://openalex.org/W2967971236","https://openalex.org/W2994866679","https://openalex.org/W3000722835","https://openalex.org/W3133330655","https://openalex.org/W3171945413"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996416603","https://openalex.org/W2986445802","https://openalex.org/W2139044108","https://openalex.org/W3203650391","https://openalex.org/W2030495955","https://openalex.org/W2742116883","https://openalex.org/W2807552156","https://openalex.org/W2585114718","https://openalex.org/W7098912100","https://openalex.org/W7098133554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"has":[1],"been":[2,110],"commonly":[3],"thought":[4],"that":[5,13,24,32,43,63,104,138,156,200,270,295,318,333,345,392,408,439,464],"standards":[6],"of":[7,79,90,98,124,127,141,149,168,171,176,186,194,210,224,232,245,258,264,278,284,300,359,368,375,383,395,411,419,426,442,449,455],"beauty":[8,443,456],"are":[9,465],"arbitrary":[10],"cultural":[11],"conventions":[12],"vary":[14],"between":[15,221,241,254],"cultures":[16],"and":[17,34,76,162,173,196,212,227,238,247,260,286,371,380,470],"time.":[18],"In":[19,57,132,152,178,289,386],"my":[20],"thesis":[21,437],"I":[22,30,61,136,154,182,198,217,249,293,390],"found":[23,218],"it":[25,268],"is":[26,145,164,202,312,326,363,399,444,457],"not":[27,304,355,431,445],"so.":[28],"Instead,":[29,308,452],"show":[31,62,137,155,199,250,294,391],"attractiveness":[33,117,140,174,351,394,410,425],"preferred":[35],"traits":[36,279],"serve":[37,119],"as":[38,120,280],"cues":[39,193,209,231,244,257],"to":[40,71,94,348,421],"phenotypic":[41,417],"qualities":[42],"provide":[44],"selective":[45],"benefits":[46],"for":[47,191,208,230,243,256],"those":[48],"who":[49],"choose":[50],"their":[51,82,105],"mates":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"these":[55],"criteria.":[56],"the":[58,72,99,125,133,139,142,169,179,184,222,235,239,275,290,357,376,381,387,393,409,416,424,440,447,450],"first":[59],"study":[60,343,389],"attractive":[64,84],"men":[65],"have":[66,95,109],"a":[67,147,165,219,225,252,261],"stronger":[68],"antibody":[69],"response":[70],"hepatitis":[73],"b":[74],"vaccine":[75],"higher":[77],"levels":[78,89,97,374],"testosterone":[80,91,195,211,233,246,259,285,434],"than":[81,175],"less":[83,322],"peers.":[85],"Men":[86],"with":[87,315,329,365,402,433],"low":[88],"also":[92,146,251,407,471],"tend":[93],"high":[96],"stress":[100,113,287,377,403],"hormone":[101,378,404],"cortisol,":[102],"suggesting":[103,406],"immune":[106,128,297,360],"responses":[107],"may":[108,118,414],"inhibited":[111],"by":[112,282,462,467,473],"hormones.":[114,288],"Thus,":[115,267],"facial":[116,192,306,330,350],"an":[121],"honest":[122],"cue":[123,148,167],"strength":[126,170,358],"defence":[129],"in":[130,159,205,214,234,346,352,446,459],"men.":[131],"second":[134],"study,":[135,181,292],"male":[143,215,236],"body":[144,384,397,412,428],"better":[150,166],"immunity.":[151],"addition,":[153],"adiposity,":[157],"both":[158],"men\u2019s":[160,396,427],"faces":[161],"bodies,":[163],"immunity":[172],"masculinity.":[177],"third":[180],"test":[183],"preferences":[185,229,242,255],"women":[187,320,353],"from":[188],"13":[189],"countries":[190],"cortisol.":[197,248],"there":[201],"cross-cultural":[203],"variation":[204],"women\u2019s":[206,228,296],"preference":[207],"cortisol":[213,310,379],"faces.":[216],"relationship":[220,253],"health":[223,370],"nation":[226],"face":[237],"interaction":[240],"societal-level":[262,271],"measure":[263],"parasite":[265],"stress.":[266],"seems":[269],"ecological":[272],"factors":[273],"influence":[274],"relative":[276],"value":[277],"revealed":[281],"combinations":[283],"fourth":[291],"responsiveness":[298],"(amount":[299],"antibodies":[301],"produced)":[302],"does":[303,354],"predict":[305],"attractiveness.":[307,341],"plasma":[309],"level":[311],"negatively":[313],"associated":[314,328,364,432],"attractiveness,":[316,331],"indicating":[317,332],"stressed":[319],"look":[321],"attractive.":[323],"Fat":[324],"percentage":[325,382],"curvilinearly":[327],"being":[334],"too":[335,338],"thin":[336],"or":[337],"fat":[339],"reduces":[340],"This":[342],"suggests":[344,438],"contrast":[347],"men,":[349],"indicate":[356],"defence,":[361],"but":[362],"other":[366],"aspects":[367],"long-term":[369],"fertility:":[372],"circulating":[373],"fat.":[385],"last":[388],"odor":[398,429],"positively":[400],"correlated":[401],"levels,":[405],"odors":[413],"signal":[415],"quality":[418],"males":[420],"females.":[422],"However,":[423],"was":[430],"levels.":[435],"My":[436],"standard":[441,454],"eye":[448],"beholder.":[451],"our":[453,460],"hardwired":[458],"brains":[461],"genes":[463],"selected":[466],"natural":[468],"selection":[469],"influenced":[472],"current":[474],"environmental":[475],"conditions.":[476]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-15T10:00:46.086208","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}