{"id":"https://openalex.org/W167660359","doi":null,"title":"The proteolytic activation of interleukin-1 beta.","display_name":"The proteolytic activation of interleukin-1 beta.","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W167660359","mag":"167660359","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1781425"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1781425","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1781425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agents and actions. Supplements","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040769344","display_name":"Roy A. Black","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3914-5747","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3914-5747"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Black","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Protein Chemistry, Immunex Corp., Seattle, WA 98101"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Protein Chemistry, Immunex Corp., Seattle, WA 98101","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064159346","display_name":"Shirley R. Kronheim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Kronheim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110118057","display_name":"P R Sleath","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Sleath","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054276418","display_name":"Teresa A. Greenstreet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Greenstreet","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023474363","display_name":"G. Duke Virca","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G D Virca","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112521966","display_name":"Carl J. March","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C March","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091128223","display_name":"Thomas Seth Kupper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4229-2916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4229-2916"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Kupper","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2225,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39508369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":null,"first_page":"85","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11078","display_name":"Inflammasome and immune disorders","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11078","display_name":"Inflammasome and immune disorders","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10620","display_name":"Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms","score":0.05869999900460243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1beta","display_name":"IL-1\u03b2","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteolytic-processing","display_name":"proteolytic processing","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-activation","display_name":"cytokine activation","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophil-elastase","display_name":"neutrophil elastase","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cathepsin-g","display_name":"cathepsin G","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cathepsin-l","display_name":"cathepsin L","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protease","display_name":"proteolytic enzymes","score":0.6060000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182220744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251226","display_name":"Proteases","level":3,"score":0.7589281797409058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167844969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426245","display_name":"Cathepsin","level":3,"score":0.6578426361083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776714187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410","display_name":"Protease","level":3,"score":0.5650158524513245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777132095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906548","display_name":"Cathepsin G","level":4,"score":0.5554307699203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781044401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418897","display_name":"Elastase","level":3,"score":0.5242736339569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5130544900894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830842","display_name":"BETA (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4859134256839752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.4817083477973938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019223276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410","display_name":"Proteolytic enzymes","level":3,"score":0.4241280257701874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.35357990860939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3508484959602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.35083091259002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.30657124519348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.25428682565689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007375","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009000","descriptor_name":"Monocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010450","descriptor_name":"Endopeptidases","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1781425","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1781425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agents and actions. Supplements","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:167660359","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1781425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.504800021648407,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1613736574","https://openalex.org/W2001979726","https://openalex.org/W1989047636","https://openalex.org/W1522206572","https://openalex.org/W2397519996","https://openalex.org/W2031264231","https://openalex.org/W1598421459","https://openalex.org/W2061245254","https://openalex.org/W1518143481","https://openalex.org/W2051658957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Interleukin-1":[0],"beta":[1,41],"(IL-1":[2],"beta)":[3],"is":[4],"released":[5],"from":[6],"an":[7],"inactive":[8],"precursor":[9,39],"by":[10],"a":[11],"proteolytic":[12],"cleavage.":[13],"A":[14],"monocytic":[15,45],"protease":[16],"has":[17],"been":[18,35],"identified":[19],"that":[20],"appears":[21],"to":[22],"be":[23,64],"involved":[24,65],"in":[25,37,49,66],"the":[26,44,68],"physiological":[27],"activation":[28],"of":[29],"this":[30],"cytokine.":[31,70],"Two":[32],"situations":[33],"have":[34],"found":[36],"which":[38],"IL-1":[40],"exists":[42],"without":[43],"processing":[46],"enzyme,":[47],"and":[48,60],"these":[50],"cases":[51],"other":[52],"proteases,":[53],"such":[54],"as":[55],"neutrophil":[56],"elastase,":[57],"cathepsin":[58,61],"G":[59],"L,":[62],"may":[63],"generating":[67],"active":[69]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}