{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1673062525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","title":"A Study of Officer's Use of Leadership Skills Learned in the Navy's Intermediate Officer Leadership Course","display_name":"A Study of Officer's Use of Leadership Skills Learned in the Navy's Intermediate Officer Leadership Course","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1673062525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","mag":"1673062525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22371/05.2001.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","pdf_url":"https://digital.sandiego.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1676&context=dissertations","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"University of San Diego","raw_type":"dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://digital.sandiego.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1676&context=dissertations","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Conroy EdD, William F.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160856358","display_name":"University of San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/03jbbze48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Conroy EdD, William F.","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of San Diego"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160856358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.836899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.836899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12751","display_name":"Leadership and Management in Organizations","score":0.0625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12802","display_name":"Competency Development and Evaluation","score":0.04430000111460686,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-training","display_name":"leadership training","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states-navy","display_name":"United States Navy","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-training","display_name":"transfer of training","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-skills","display_name":"leadership skills","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/command-climate","display_name":"command climate","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situational-communication","display_name":"situational communication","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delegation","display_name":"delegation","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-to-change","display_name":"resistance to change","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naval-officers","display_name":"naval officers","score":0.4480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776746162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4508","display_name":"Navy","level":2,"score":0.8094469308853149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777189325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61022630","display_name":"Officer","level":2,"score":0.6111977100372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.5605623126029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5051165223121643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197386563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508686","display_name":"Leadership style","level":2,"score":0.48030346632003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.4665719270706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.3851196765899658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3647819757461548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26893091201782227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2278454601764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15308120846748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12103801965713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10167554020881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22371/05.2001.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","pdf_url":"https://digital.sandiego.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1676&context=dissertations","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"University of San Diego","raw_type":"dissertation"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.sandiego.edu:dissertations-1676","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.sandiego.edu/dissertations/671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400863","display_name":"Digital USD (University of San Diego)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","host_organization_name":"University of California San Diego","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22371/05.2001.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22371/05.2001.002","pdf_url":"https://digital.sandiego.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1676&context=dissertations","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"University of San Diego","raw_type":"dissertation"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.8100000023841858}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1673062525.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1673062525.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20476370","https://openalex.org/W77638224","https://openalex.org/W192732920","https://openalex.org/W224127678","https://openalex.org/W250245131","https://openalex.org/W258948409","https://openalex.org/W1507004422","https://openalex.org/W1530735664","https://openalex.org/W1561082337","https://openalex.org/W1590937613","https://openalex.org/W1595486076","https://openalex.org/W1604080575","https://openalex.org/W1964372331","https://openalex.org/W1965119719","https://openalex.org/W1985545017","https://openalex.org/W1987219476","https://openalex.org/W1995349596","https://openalex.org/W2035982357","https://openalex.org/W2125272611","https://openalex.org/W2572371720","https://openalex.org/W2614971049","https://openalex.org/W2942970798","https://openalex.org/W4254848309","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300710969","https://openalex.org/W6633561450","https://openalex.org/W6641351676","https://openalex.org/W7007926351","https://openalex.org/W7030250457"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3194093040","https://openalex.org/W77638224","https://openalex.org/W1584047607","https://openalex.org/W7056632432","https://openalex.org/W890557","https://openalex.org/W171579727","https://openalex.org/W192732920","https://openalex.org/W217342672","https://openalex.org/W2978107895","https://openalex.org/W7221382955"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37,56,234,302,329],"U.S.":[1],"Navy's":[2],"present-day":[3],"leadership":[4,15,47,77,88,105,167,249,292,316,342],"training":[5,16,48,78,89],"program,":[6],"referred":[7],"to":[8,52,74,79,96,102,111,126,136,149,177,197,247,258,289,298,323,339,386],"as":[9],"the":[10,27,53,67,104,129,133,141,146,171,181,187,203,208,223,229,237,241,255,270,295,299,319,345,373,382,392,395],"Leadership":[11,38,122],"Continuum,":[12],"provides":[13],"for":[14,17,199],"all":[18,214],"enlisted":[19],"personnel":[20],"and":[21,30,153,179,228,280,327,355,358,376,394],"officers":[22],"at":[23,31],"initial":[24],"entry":[25],"into":[26],"naval":[28],"service":[29],"designated":[32],"career":[33],"milestones":[34],"until":[35],"retirement.":[36],"Continuum":[39],"evolved":[40],"from":[41,119,325,361],"a":[42,60,138],"series":[43],"of":[44,63,164,184,192,210,236,243,314,351,365],"formal":[45],"Navy":[46,57,143],"programs":[49],"dating":[50],"back":[51,169],"late":[54],"1970s.":[55],"has":[58],"expended":[59],"considerable":[61],"amount":[62],"fiscal":[64],"resources":[65],"over":[66],"past":[68,83,134],"20":[69],"years":[70],"in":[71,132,140],"an":[72],"attempt":[73],"provide":[75],"quality":[76],"its":[80],"personnel.":[81],"However,":[82],"studies":[84],"have":[85],"revealed":[86,239],"that":[87,157,240,310],"course":[90],"graduates":[91,125,155,284,309,336],"are":[92],"provided":[93],"with":[94,353],"little":[95],"no":[97],"incentives":[98,154,330],"by":[99,221,307,334,390],"their":[100,112,162,312],"supervisors":[101],"utilize":[103,248,259],"skills":[106,168,250,293,317,343],"learned":[107],"after":[108],"they":[109],"returned":[110],"jobs.":[113],"This":[114],"study":[115,147,238],"analyzed":[116],"survey":[117],"responses":[118,185],"Intermediate":[120],"Officer":[121],"Course":[123],"(IOLC)":[124],"determine":[127,150],"whether":[128],"problem":[130,139],"observed":[131],"continued":[135],"be":[137,387],"contemporary":[142],"context.":[144],"Specifically,":[145],"attempted":[148],"what":[151],"barriers":[152,303],"encountered":[156],"either":[158],"hindered":[159,311],"or":[160,378],"encouraged":[161],"use":[163,313,371],"acquired":[165,251,291,315,341],"IOLC":[166,253,273,283,308,335],"on":[170,254,287,294,318,344,372,381],"job.":[172,256],"Descriptive":[173],"statistics":[174],"were":[175,219,245,264,347,384],"used":[176,196],"analyze":[178],"compare":[180],"distributed":[182],"frequency":[183],"among":[186],"various":[188],"sub-groups.":[189],"An":[190],"analysis":[191],"variance":[193],"(ANOVA)":[194],"was":[195,321],"test":[198],"statistical":[200],"significance":[201],"between":[202,369],"sub-groups'":[204],"responses.":[205],"To":[206],"reduce":[207],"possibility":[209],"revealing":[211],"false-positive":[212],"findings,":[213],"statistically":[215,388],"significant":[216,389],"ANOVA":[217],"results":[218],"evaluated":[220],"both":[222,391],"Liberal":[224],"Statistical":[225],"Difference":[226],"(LSD)":[227],"Scheffe":[230,396],"Post":[231,397],"Hoc":[232,398],"tests.":[233,399],"findings":[235,366],"majority":[242],"respondents":[244],"able":[246],"during":[252],"Attempts":[257],"Command":[260],"Climate":[261],"skills,":[262],"however,":[263],"somewhat":[265],"problematic":[266],"when":[267,337],"compared":[268,297],"against":[269],"other":[271,383],"three":[272],"sub-units":[274],"studied":[275],"(Leadership":[276],"Models,":[277],"Situational":[278],"Communications":[279],"Delegation).":[281],"Female":[282],"took":[285],"longer,":[286],"average,":[288],"apply":[290,340],"job":[296,320,346],"male":[300],"graduates.":[301],"most":[304,332],"frequently":[305,333],"identified":[306,331],"resistance":[322],"change":[324],"subordinates":[326,354],"peers.":[328],"attempting":[338],"(a)":[348],"open":[349],"lines":[350],"communications":[352],"immediate":[356],"superiors":[357],"(b)":[359],"receptiveness":[360],"subordinates.":[362],"A":[363],"number":[364],"about":[367],"relationships":[368],"skill":[370],"one":[374],"hand":[375],"contextual":[377],"demographic":[379],"variables":[380],"judged":[385],"LSD":[393]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}