{"id":"https://openalex.org/W166916343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02960721","title":"Royal Academy of Medicine","display_name":"Royal Academy of Medicine","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W166916343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02960721","mag":"166916343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02960721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02960721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02960721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117684900","display_name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)","issn_l":"0021-1265","issn":["0021-1265","1863-4362"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102935987","display_name":"Nick Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3541-5586","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3541-5586"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professonal Unit, St. Laurence\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professonal Unit, St. Laurence\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 7","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003702187","display_name":"D. Bouchier-Hayes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8231-2953","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8231-2953"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142762351","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Bouchier-Hayes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2","Professonal Unit, St. Laurence\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professonal Unit, St. Laurence\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 7","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084431506","display_name":"David J. Waldron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-5935","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-5935"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. J. Waldron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011502939","display_name":"K.L. Bowes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. L. Bowes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013797381","display_name":"H. F. Given","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. F. Given","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"C. V. Nally","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. V. Nally","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007672739","display_name":"L. J. McMullin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. J. McMullin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023368227","display_name":"Alexander S. Clanachan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. S. Clanachan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113896811","display_name":"G. W. Scott","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. W. Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083532706","display_name":"Bruce G. Wilson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. G. Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, The Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, Belfast"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, The Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, Belfast","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056334153","display_name":"G. W. Odling\u2010Smee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. W. Odling-Smee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, The Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, Belfast"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, The Queen\u2019s University of Belfast, Belfast","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040685485","display_name":"John M. Nee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Nee+","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, 11203, Brooklyn, N.W., U.S.A","Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, 11203, Brooklyn, N.W., U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023332339","display_name":"Bernard M. Jaffe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. M. Jaffe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, 11203, Brooklyn, N.W., U.S.A","Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, 11203, Brooklyn, N.W., U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024465170","display_name":"Thomas W. Pollock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. W. Pollock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, 11203, Brooklyn, N.W., U.S.A","Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, 11203, Brooklyn, N.W., U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076178212","display_name":"Paul Gillen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Gillen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109244359","display_name":"Paul W.N. Keeling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Keeling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030685249","display_name":"P. J. Byrne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-1509","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-1509"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. J. Byrne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103843895","display_name":"A. Brian West","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. B. West","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014442000","display_name":"T. P. J. Hennessy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. P. J. Hennessy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054371624","display_name":"Kenneth Mealy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-7162","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-7162"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Mealy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departsments Surgery and Physiotherapy, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departsments Surgery and Physiotherapy, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H. Brennan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Brennan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departsments Surgery and Physiotherapy, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departsments Surgery and Physiotherapy, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021025835","display_name":"G. C. C. FeneIon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. C. C. FeneIon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departsments Surgery and Physiotherapy, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departsments Surgery and Physiotherapy, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin 8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104057847","display_name":"Br\u00edd Crowley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802396013","display_name":"Cork University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04q107642","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802396013"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brid Crowley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University College Cork, Cork Regional Hospital, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University College Cork, Cork Regional Hospital, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105","https://openalex.org/I2802396013"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113256937","display_name":"Alan Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7710-9836","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7710-9836"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142762351","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046212899","display_name":"Patrick O\u2019Byrne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-1409","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-1409"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142762351","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154619","display_name":"St. James's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04c6bry31","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. O\u2019Byrne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin","Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments Surgery and Pathology, St. James\u2019s Hospital, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154619"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073009584","display_name":"Rachel Browne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1792-5566","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1792-5566"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142762351","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Browne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012336186","display_name":"Patrick B Collins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-1296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-1296"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142762351","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050422773","display_name":"J. P. Duignan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142762351","display_name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Duignan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Biochemistry and Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142762351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014277613","display_name":"Dermot Hehir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. J. Hehir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A","Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009775070","display_name":"Bruce Ryan Bistrian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-2554","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-2554"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. R. Bistrian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A","Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112158610","display_name":"George L. Blackburn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. L. Blackburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A","Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nutrition Support Service, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P. C. Ryan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. C. Ryan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110419466","display_name":"K. P. Maher","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. P. Maher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"G. D. Hurley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. D. Hurley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108108691","display_name":"John M. Fitzpatrick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Fitzpatrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Urology and Radiology, Meath Hospital and Department of Experimental Surgery, Trinity College, Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110017963","display_name":"Michael K. O\u2019Malley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Kevin O\u2019Malley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102062483","display_name":"James J. Morris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James J. Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113505327","display_name":"Raymond G. Makhoul","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond G. Makhoul","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111573520","display_name":"Per\u2010Otto Hagen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Per-Otto Hagen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091627649","display_name":"Kieran J. Horgan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-1777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-1777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97429440","display_name":"University of Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/01se4f844","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97429440"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Horgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff","Department of Surgery, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175","https://openalex.org/I97429440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175","https://openalex.org/I97429440"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02849211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"155","issue":"10","first_page":"368","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.6439999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.6439999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14020","display_name":"General Medicine and Therapeutics","score":0.1460999995470047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12990","display_name":"Medical History and Innovations","score":0.029899999499320984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/royal-academy-of-medicine","display_name":"Royal Academy of Medicine","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-academies","display_name":"medical academies","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-societies","display_name":"medical societies","score":0.41100001335144043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.40778958797454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3484182059764862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3477655053138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19029894471168518}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02960721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02960721","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02960721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117684900","display_name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)","issn_l":"0021-1265","issn":["0021-1265","1863-4362"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Irish Journal of Medical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4234483044","https://openalex.org/W4244245976"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
