{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1668006756","doi":null,"title":"Directed evolution of a beta -sheet scaffold for targeting proteins involved in human disease -- Thrombin and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)","display_name":"Directed evolution of a beta -sheet scaffold for targeting proteins involved in human disease -- Thrombin and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1668006756","mag":"1668006756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/194401","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Electronic Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108414964","display_name":"Srivats Rajagopal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Srivats Rajagopal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108414964"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.8134999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.8134999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.06530000269412994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13326","display_name":"Biochemical and Structural Characterization","score":0.05979999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-evolution","display_name":"directed evolution","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombin","display_name":"thrombin","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor","display_name":"vascular endothelial growth factor","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-protein-interaction","display_name":"protein-protein interaction","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-molecule-binding","display_name":"small molecule binding","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serine-protease","display_name":"serine protease","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angiogenesis","display_name":"angiogenesis","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-coagulation","display_name":"coagulation","score":0.7099999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777292125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409166","display_name":"Thrombin","level":3,"score":0.8360238075256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777025900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29725","display_name":"Vascular endothelial growth factor","level":3,"score":0.6153467893600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780394083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539568","display_name":"Angiogenesis","level":2,"score":0.595363438129425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777807008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87324999","display_name":"Serine protease","level":4,"score":0.5301210284233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5146435499191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5141968727111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775960820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408378","display_name":"Growth factor","level":3,"score":0.48115718364715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161624437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988322","display_name":"Small molecule","level":2,"score":0.4606179893016815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89429830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735710","display_name":"Scaffold","level":2,"score":0.4255266785621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186738567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412841","display_name":"Tissue factor","level":3,"score":0.42513740062713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53645450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907093","display_name":"Scaffold protein","level":3,"score":0.4181564152240753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778382381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179217","display_name":"Coagulation","level":2,"score":0.40439674258232117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776714187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410","display_name":"Protease","level":3,"score":0.36797022819519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.32282009720802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2884432375431061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.28770706057548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.256102591753006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167734588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4356503","display_name":"VEGF receptors","level":2,"score":0.23008078336715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.17224034667015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.16544348001480103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89560881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101026","display_name":"Platelet","level":2,"score":0.13622313737869263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12047234177589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08647584915161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.06935396790504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/194401","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Electronic Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:1668006756","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/194401","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":199,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56534538","https://openalex.org/W94105936","https://openalex.org/W172183759","https://openalex.org/W1256384604","https://openalex.org/W1490575535","https://openalex.org/W1492371726","https://openalex.org/W1517896461","https://openalex.org/W1539571840","https://openalex.org/W1556558405","https://openalex.org/W1596436571","https://openalex.org/W1650797637","https://openalex.org/W1679229092","https://openalex.org/W1785859233","https://openalex.org/W1807482481","https://openalex.org/W1857403217","https://openalex.org/W1894273024","https://openalex.org/W1965428010","https://openalex.org/W1967237003","https://openalex.org/W1967568475","https://openalex.org/W1968014896","https://openalex.org/W1969144485","https://openalex.org/W1969328947","https://openalex.org/W1970053353","https://openalex.org/W1971166275","https://openalex.org/W1972438151","https://openalex.org/W1972959684","https://openalex.org/W1974165456","https://openalex.org/W1974288679","https://openalex.org/W1975057238","https://openalex.org/W1975071709","https://openalex.org/W1975118394","https://openalex.org/W1976261939","https://openalex.org/W1976376064","https://openalex.org/W1977614672","https://openalex.org/W1979046383","https://openalex.org/W1980885258","https://openalex.org/W1983494459","https://openalex.org/W1983763042","https://openalex.org/W1983902360","https://openalex.org/W1983970916","https://openalex.org/W1984430631","https://openalex.org/W1985804036","https://openalex.org/W1985840237","https://openalex.org/W1986559037","https://openalex.org/W1986894628","https://openalex.org/W1987018141","https://openalex.org/W1987644022","https://openalex.org/W1989569836","https://openalex.org/W1991494214","https://openalex.org/W1991605406","https://openalex.org/W1992050687","https://openalex.org/W1993870692","https://openalex.org/W1994499822","https://openalex.org/W1995628404","https://openalex.org/W1995729676","https://openalex.org/W1996810856","https://openalex.org/W1997060814","https://openalex.org/W1998003752","https://openalex.org/W1998260902","https://openalex.org/W1998492578","https://openalex.org/W2000000541","https://openalex.org/W2000064849","https://openalex.org/W2001324434","https://openalex.org/W2003639163","https://openalex.org/W2003648675","https://openalex.org/W2003843472","https://openalex.org/W2007558322","https://openalex.org/W2008845432","https://openalex.org/W2011939807","https://openalex.org/W2012536704","https://openalex.org/W2012921764","https://openalex.org/W2013596428","https://openalex.org/W2013708829","https://openalex.org/W2013988051","https://openalex.org/W2014550271","https://openalex.org/W2016038837","https://openalex.org/W2016464728","https://openalex.org/W2016776432","https://openalex.org/W2017205210","https://openalex.org/W2017411977","https://openalex.org/W2018221677","https://openalex.org/W2019213007","https://openalex.org/W2020716464","https://openalex.org/W2021723924","https://openalex.org/W2022467904","https://openalex.org/W2023776704","https://openalex.org/W2024947155","https://openalex.org/W2025430406","https://openalex.org/W2026649090","https://openalex.org/W2027318109","https://openalex.org/W2028027213","https://openalex.org/W2030522563","https://openalex.org/W2031343644","https://openalex.org/W2031772330","https://openalex.org/W2033103812","https://openalex.org/W2033802916","https://openalex.org/W2033821518","https://openalex.org/W2034801992","https://openalex.org/W2035758624","https://openalex.org/W2036656105","https://openalex.org/W2036659707","https://openalex.org/W2037275316","https://openalex.org/W2039928024","https://openalex.org/W2040159113","https://openalex.org/W2041859669","https://openalex.org/W2042049016","https://openalex.org/W2042655455","https://openalex.org/W2043754541","https://openalex.org/W2043772660","https://openalex.org/W2044682488","https://openalex.org/W2047189301","https://openalex.org/W2047408781","https://openalex.org/W2048362048","https://openalex.org/W2049827480","https://openalex.org/W2049963179","https://openalex.org/W2051621907","https://openalex.org/W2051710717","https://openalex.org/W2051945265","https://openalex.org/W2053658752","https://openalex.org/W2054359033","https://openalex.org/W2054703112","https://openalex.org/W2055420530","https://openalex.org/W2056600479","https://openalex.org/W2056776699","https://openalex.org/W2057520802","https://openalex.org/W2057677149","https://openalex.org/W2058527555","https://openalex.org/W2058997180","https://openalex.org/W2059855968","https://openalex.org/W2060742905","https://openalex.org/W2061083495","https://openalex.org/W2063462089","https://openalex.org/W2064330613","https://openalex.org/W2065884286","https://openalex.org/W2069001964","https://openalex.org/W2070360032","https://openalex.org/W2070932122","https://openalex.org/W2074631079","https://openalex.org/W2075097399","https://openalex.org/W2075334136","https://openalex.org/W2079096912","https://openalex.org/W2080951960","https://openalex.org/W2083409022","https://openalex.org/W2084374650","https://openalex.org/W2084506573","https://openalex.org/W2084938664","https://openalex.org/W2084942671","https://openalex.org/W2086889737","https://openalex.org/W2088250351","https://openalex.org/W2091332750","https://openalex.org/W2091379422","https://openalex.org/W2094734053","https://openalex.org/W2095447949","https://openalex.org/W2096649736","https://openalex.org/W2096934743","https://openalex.org/W2097933346","https://openalex.org/W2100049032","https://openalex.org/W2100555935","https://openalex.org/W2103174300","https://openalex.org/W2105300288","https://openalex.org/W2106799894","https://openalex.org/W2114024295","https://openalex.org/W2114103020","https://openalex.org/W2114597228","https://openalex.org/W2115039987","https://openalex.org/W2122458965","https://openalex.org/W2123281685","https://openalex.org/W2125474283","https://openalex.org/W2127193792","https://openalex.org/W2127287358","https://openalex.org/W2129475622","https://openalex.org/W2138979179","https://openalex.org/W2141114204","https://openalex.org/W2141267373","https://openalex.org/W2141356097","https://openalex.org/W2142423474","https://openalex.org/W2142785166","https://openalex.org/W2143558515","https://openalex.org/W2146916102","https://openalex.org/W2150641072","https://openalex.org/W2151366285","https://openalex.org/W2151785803","https://openalex.org/W2152649251","https://openalex.org/W2154382529","https://openalex.org/W2157377686","https://openalex.org/W2158654777","https://openalex.org/W2161843382","https://openalex.org/W2162059739","https://openalex.org/W2163886094","https://openalex.org/W2164316626","https://openalex.org/W2164431990","https://openalex.org/W2165100068","https://openalex.org/W2167564565","https://openalex.org/W2171998177","https://openalex.org/W2293438303","https://openalex.org/W2323292981","https://openalex.org/W2482526777","https://openalex.org/W2949340687","https://openalex.org/W3152443858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968781201","https://openalex.org/W7009711402","https://openalex.org/W2162028034","https://openalex.org/W1971043787","https://openalex.org/W2769579973","https://openalex.org/W1587434408","https://openalex.org/W1999993944","https://openalex.org/W2031111570","https://openalex.org/W4379797115","https://openalex.org/W7221573939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aberrant":[0],"protein-protein":[1],"interactions":[2,21],"have":[3],"been":[4,130],"implicated":[5,131],"in":[6,80,132],"numerous":[7,91],"human":[8],"diseases.":[9],"Hence":[10],"it":[11,35],"becomes":[12],"important":[13],"to":[14,25,28,38,95,104,123,143,155,184],"understand":[15],"the":[16,58,81,85,106,135,177],"physicochemical":[17],"basis":[18],"of":[19,60,71,84,137,180],"these":[20,31,47,170],"as":[22,24,46,69],"well":[23],"develop":[26,156],"methods":[27],"selectively":[29],"target":[30,39,105],"protein":[32,41,172],"surfaces.":[33,173],"However,":[34],"is":[36,74,113],"difficult":[37],"such":[40],"surfaces":[42,48],"by":[43,121],"small":[44,63,186],"molecules":[45],"(\u2265":[49],"600":[50],"\u00c5\u00b2)":[51],"are":[52],"large":[53],"and":[54,146,160,164],"flat.":[55],"We":[56],"demonstrate":[57],"feasibility":[59],"utilizing":[61],"a":[62,75,114,157,185],"beta-sheet":[64],"scaffold":[65,159],"for":[66,168],"targeting":[67],"thrombin":[68],"proof":[70],"principle.":[72],"Thrombin":[73,89],"trypsinlike":[76],"serine":[77],"protease":[78],"generated":[79],"penultimate":[82],"step":[83],"blood":[86,139],"coagulation":[87],"cascade.":[88],"has":[90,129],"potential":[92],"interaction":[93],"sites":[94],"test":[96],"our":[97],"methodology.":[98],"This":[99,151],"strategy":[100],"was":[101],"further":[102],"extended":[103],"Vascular":[107],"Endothelial":[108],"Growth":[109],"Factor":[110],"(VEGF).":[111],"VEGF":[112,128],"disulfide-linked":[115],"cytokine":[116],"that":[117],"exerts":[118],"its":[119],"activity":[120],"binding":[122,169],"two":[124],"high":[125],"affinity":[126],"receptors.":[127],"angiogenesis":[133],"where":[134],"growth":[136],"new":[138,158],"capillaries":[140],"provides":[141],"nourishment":[142],"tumor":[144],"cells":[145],"damage":[147],"delicate":[148],"retinal":[149],"tissues.":[150],"will":[152],"help":[153],"us":[154],"provide":[161],"essential":[162],"chemical":[163],"structural":[165],"information":[166,183],"necessary":[167],"discrete":[171],"Furthermore,":[174],"this":[175],"facilitates":[176],"subsequent":[178],"transfer":[179],"minimal":[181],"epitope":[182],"molecule.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}