{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1663973802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/18038","title":"Cytotoxic T-cell immunity to virus-infected non-haematopoietic cells requires presentation of exogenous antigen","display_name":"Cytotoxic T-cell immunity to virus-infected non-haematopoietic cells requires presentation of exogenous antigen","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1663973802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/18038","mag":"1663973802","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10078533"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/18038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/18038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/18038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004900402","display_name":"Luis J. Sigal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-5472","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-5472"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166722992","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis J. Sigal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655-0118, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655-0118, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030160770","display_name":"Shane Crotty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6484-6262","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6484-6262","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1072-2694"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shane Crotty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Box 0414, San Francisco, 94143-0414, California, USA","Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Box 0414, San Francisco, 94143-0414, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006463024","display_name":"Raul Andino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-9349","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-9349"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raul Andino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Box 0414, San Francisco, 94143-0414, California, USA","Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Box 0414, San Francisco, 94143-0414, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082096834","display_name":"Kenneth L. Rock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8149-3024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8149-3024"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166722992","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth L. Rock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, 01655-0118, Massachusetts, USA","Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, 01655-0118, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082096834"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"],"apc_list":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.9628,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":585,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99747458,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"398","issue":"6722","first_page":"77","last_page":"80"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes","display_name":"cytotoxic T lymphocytes","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exogenous-antigen-presentation","display_name":"exogenous antigen presentation","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mhc-class-i","display_name":"MHC class I","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigen-presenting-cells","display_name":"antigen-presenting cells","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-marrow-derived-cells","display_name":"bone marrow-derived cells","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-peptide-presentation","display_name":"viral peptide presentation","score":0.5400000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.8265853524208069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83464605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575296","display_name":"Antigen presentation","level":4,"score":0.6894595623016357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207936829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423163","display_name":"Major histocompatibility complex","level":3,"score":0.6513689160346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67662055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047791","display_name":"Antigen-presenting cell","level":4,"score":0.640056848526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147969180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014579","display_name":"CTL*","level":4,"score":0.6237809062004089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109159458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919283","display_name":"Haematopoiesis","level":3,"score":0.5970038771629333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170627219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13218497","display_name":"MHC class I","level":4,"score":0.5925738215446472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5876951813697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.5638423562049866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108249834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3922363","display_name":"Antigen processing","level":5,"score":0.5195627212524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.460006982088089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.4405268430709839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.43890380859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197695756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750372","display_name":"MHC restriction","level":5,"score":0.4236375689506531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167672396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800","display_name":"CD8","level":3,"score":0.3883366584777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3750776946544647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.3628358244895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.21833407878875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.08196133375167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.048824578523635864}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000938","descriptor_name":"Antigen-Presenting Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000956","descriptor_name":"Antigens, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001854","descriptor_name":"Bone Marrow Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001854","descriptor_name":"Bone Marrow Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001854","descriptor_name":"Bone Marrow Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002678","descriptor_name":"Chimera","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006412","descriptor_name":"Hematopoietic Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006412","descriptor_name":"Hematopoietic Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008565","descriptor_name":"Membrane Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008822","descriptor_name":"Mice, Transgenic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011991","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011991","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013602","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014616","descriptor_name":"Vaccinia virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015395","descriptor_name":"Histocompatibility Antigens Class I","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017951","descriptor_name":"Antigen Presentation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017955","descriptor_name":"Poliovirus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/18038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/18038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/18038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10078533","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10078533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nat:nature:v:398:y:1999:i:6722:d:10.1038_18038","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/18038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nat:nature:v:402:y:1999:i:6763:d:10.1038_35005528","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/35005528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2304578737","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.liai.org/files/Cytotoxic-Sigal.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515544182","https://openalex.org/W1547134586","https://openalex.org/W1547330090","https://openalex.org/W1561591381","https://openalex.org/W1781159025","https://openalex.org/W1798984988","https://openalex.org/W1901657789","https://openalex.org/W1977298268","https://openalex.org/W1983592132","https://openalex.org/W1991536902","https://openalex.org/W1992432543","https://openalex.org/W2006080840","https://openalex.org/W2032413382","https://openalex.org/W2035620466","https://openalex.org/W2042470561","https://openalex.org/W2052714244","https://openalex.org/W2056435027","https://openalex.org/W2066141983","https://openalex.org/W2074061180","https://openalex.org/W2075481963","https://openalex.org/W2079439306","https://openalex.org/W2080839791","https://openalex.org/W2085279345","https://openalex.org/W2089626453","https://openalex.org/W2106826370","https://openalex.org/W2121922077","https://openalex.org/W2125913713","https://openalex.org/W2159575599","https://openalex.org/W2168400876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237808269","https://openalex.org/W65670449","https://openalex.org/W1966656613","https://openalex.org/W2107491761","https://openalex.org/W1544323280","https://openalex.org/W1445911556","https://openalex.org/W2304578737","https://openalex.org/W2129180467","https://openalex.org/W2467175273","https://openalex.org/W1983592132"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
