{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1663703309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2950206","title":"Design and Testing of AMTEC Mini-Cells","display_name":"Design and Testing of AMTEC Mini-Cells","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1663703309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2950206","mag":"1663703309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.2950206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2950206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2950206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031094996","display_name":"Robert K. Sievers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166437374","display_name":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/0069kqw53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert K. Sievers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Thomas K. Hunt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166437374","display_name":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/0069kqw53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas K. Hunt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086411744","display_name":"Jan E. Pantolin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166437374","display_name":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/0069kqw53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan E. Pantolin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077463877","display_name":"David A. Butkiewicz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166437374","display_name":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/0069kqw53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Butkiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Research Institute of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48108","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166437374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041439229","display_name":"Joseph F. Ivanenok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph F. Ivanenok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Modular Power Systems Ann Arbor, MI 48108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Modular Power Systems Ann Arbor, MI 48108","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087217597","display_name":"Robert C. Svedberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert C. Svedberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Modular Power Systems Ann Arbor, MI 48108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Modular Power Systems Ann Arbor, MI 48108","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025909983","display_name":"Kim D. Swift","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim D. Swift","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Modular Power Systems Ann Arbor, MI 48108"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Modular Power Systems Ann Arbor, MI 48108","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084684827","display_name":"Mohamed S. El\u2010Genk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-3546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-3546"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed S. El-Genk","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072761698","display_name":"Mark D. Hoover","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-8127","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-8127"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark D. Hoover","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.1566,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99328512,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"379","last_page":"382"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10440","display_name":"Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Devices","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14327","display_name":"Advanced Energy Technologies and Civil Engineering Innovations","score":0.03350000083446503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2104","display_name":"Nuclear Energy and Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12139","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkali-metal-thermal-to-electric-converter","display_name":"AMTEC","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spacecraft-power-systems","display_name":"space power systems","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compact-power-converter","display_name":"compact power converter","score":0.4129999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.459457665681839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.453086256980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4226570725440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3667140007019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.3607980012893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.35509389638900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33547714352607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20632734894752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.2950206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2950206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2950206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9853000044822693,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"score":0.5378999710083008,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332375","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1661473112","https://openalex.org/W1995226760","https://openalex.org/W2032405290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1573181421","https://openalex.org/W1680043454","https://openalex.org/W1545789581","https://openalex.org/W1671261231","https://openalex.org/W2306128968","https://openalex.org/W2003830341","https://openalex.org/W2093792896","https://openalex.org/W26596581","https://openalex.org/W7098214757","https://openalex.org/W1970515706"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,155],"Alkali":[1],"Metal":[2],"Thermal":[3],"to":[4,65],"Electric":[5],"Converter":[6,36],"(AMTEC)":[7],"technology":[8],"is":[9,93,106,123,133],"under":[10],"development":[11],"for":[12,21,38,95],"both":[13],"terrestrial":[14],"and":[15,26,33,74,77,113,129,159,167],"space":[16,39],"power":[17,28,40],"applications.":[18],"System":[19],"designs":[20],"these":[22,54],"applications":[23,41],"are":[24,71,161],"compact":[25,48],"provide":[27],"at":[29,126,164],"efficiencies":[30,147],"between":[31],"20":[32],"35":[34],"%.":[35],"systems":[37],"have":[42,81],"been":[43,82],"designed":[44,73],"that":[45,102],"incorporate":[46],"simple,":[47],"AMTEC":[49],"cells.":[50,98],"A":[51],"series":[52],"of":[53,62,89,108,116,140,181],"cells,":[55],"leading":[56],"from":[57,148],"the":[58,63,85,103,117,130,152,179],"February":[59],"1993":[60],"state":[61],"art":[64],"a":[66,137,141],"flight":[67],"qualified":[68],"engineering":[69],"prototype,":[70],"being":[72],"tested.":[75],"Mechanical":[76,99],"thermal":[78],"performance":[79],"tests":[80],"performed":[83],"on":[84],"first":[86],"four":[87],"cells":[88],"this":[90],"series.":[91],"Testing":[92],"planned":[94],"another":[96],"12":[97],"testing":[100],"demonstrated":[101],"cell":[104,121,131,157],"design":[105],"capable":[107],"worst":[109],"case":[110],"random":[111],"vibration":[112],"shock":[114],"loads":[115],"launch":[118],"environment.":[119],"Measured":[120],"efficiency":[122,158],"currently":[124],"10%":[125],"923":[127],"K,":[128],"mass":[132,160],"110":[134],"g.":[135],"Only":[136],"premature":[138],"failure":[139],"pressure":[142],"boundary":[143],"component":[144],"prevented":[145],"measured":[146],"exceeding":[149],"14%":[150],"in":[151],"fourth":[153],"cell.":[154],"target":[156],"21":[162],"%":[163],"1025":[165],"K":[166],"60":[168],"\u2013":[169],"80":[170],"g,":[171],"respectively.":[172],"These":[173],"goals":[174],"should":[175],"be":[176],"reached":[177],"by":[178],"end":[180],"1994.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}