{"id":"https://openalex.org/W164557217","doi":null,"title":"Racial discrimination and metabolic control in women with type 2 diabetes.","display_name":"Racial discrimination and metabolic control in women with type 2 diabetes.","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W164557217","mag":"164557217","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24392603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:24392603","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24392603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ethnicity & disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048911601","display_name":"Julie Ann Wagner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-8940","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-8940"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julie A Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health MC3910, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06410, USA. juwagner@uchc.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health MC3910, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06410, USA. juwagner@uchc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050615134","display_name":"Howard A. Tennen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75929689","display_name":"UConn Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard Tennen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health MC3910, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06410, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health MC3910, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06410, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75929689"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061586410","display_name":"Richard Feinn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4158-7640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4158-7640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43267033","display_name":"Quinnipiac University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mpz5a50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43267033"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Feinn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quinnipiac University School of Medicine, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quinnipiac University School of Medicine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43267033"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063337848","display_name":"Patrick H. Finan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-4801","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-4801"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick H Finan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.2915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97440785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"421","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.9375,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.9375,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":0.022099999710917473,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.014700000174343586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-discrimination","display_name":"racial discrimination","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-women","display_name":"Black women","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-women","display_name":"white women","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-distress","display_name":"diabetes distress","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-use","display_name":"insulin use","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waist-circumference","display_name":"waist circumference","score":0.6769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7419596910476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776193436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236232","display_name":"Waist","level":3,"score":0.7232464551925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6736509799957275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.6412968635559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.623211145401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.5449224710464478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.47105953097343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.43628519773483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781222467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338460","display_name":"Negroid","level":3,"score":0.4170454144477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3335263431072235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.26824262738227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.19941088557243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.12374716997146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.06728777289390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006442","descriptor_name":"Glycated Hemoglobin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007333","descriptor_name":"Insulin Resistance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044465","descriptor_name":"White People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055105","descriptor_name":"Waist Circumference","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063505","descriptor_name":"Racism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:24392603","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24392603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ethnicity & disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:164557217","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24392603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.979200005531311},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.9629999995231628}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.5400000214576721}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2655221040","display_name":"General Clinical Research Center","funder_award_id":"M01RR006192","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8794597392","display_name":"Behavioral and Physiological Responses to Race-Related Stress in Diabetic Women","funder_award_id":"R21DK074468","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52495457","https://openalex.org/W89744688","https://openalex.org/W1499329940","https://openalex.org/W2004079143","https://openalex.org/W2008179214","https://openalex.org/W2011740394","https://openalex.org/W2029880396","https://openalex.org/W2048521508","https://openalex.org/W2050508198","https://openalex.org/W2053943135","https://openalex.org/W2066683678","https://openalex.org/W2068056279","https://openalex.org/W2070272094","https://openalex.org/W2074289124","https://openalex.org/W2078470758","https://openalex.org/W2080435434","https://openalex.org/W2099365033","https://openalex.org/W2103226804","https://openalex.org/W2115685075","https://openalex.org/W2116276541","https://openalex.org/W2120100418","https://openalex.org/W2125733695","https://openalex.org/W2127658779","https://openalex.org/W2133564398","https://openalex.org/W2137536448","https://openalex.org/W2148140241","https://openalex.org/W2154754262","https://openalex.org/W2160234571","https://openalex.org/W2166623005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2751930538","https://openalex.org/W2005771852","https://openalex.org/W3175497756","https://openalex.org/W2029160879","https://openalex.org/W2157368275","https://openalex.org/W2749590629","https://openalex.org/W2160753457","https://openalex.org/W2766425619","https://openalex.org/W2898071300","https://openalex.org/W6922517221"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"We":[1],"investigated":[2],"whether":[3],"self-reported":[4,49],"racial":[5],"discrimination":[6,90,104,119,141,153,160,185],"was":[7,91,97,120,134,142,148,161,170,177],"associated":[8,93,122,144,164,187],"with":[9,19,37,94,106,123,145,165,188,196,199,204],"insulin":[10,66,181,189],"resistance":[11,190],"(IR)":[12],"and":[13,34,65,71,81,128,180,193,198],"glycosylated":[14],"hemoglobin":[15],"(A1c)":[16],"in":[17,23,125,191,201],"women":[18,36,195,203],"type":[20,38],"2":[21,39],"diabetes":[22,40,79,178],"the":[24,42],"United":[25],"States,":[26],"after":[27,131,174],"controlling":[28],"for":[29,61,67,100,110],"covariates.":[30],"METHODS:":[31],"Seventy-seven":[32],"Black":[33,192],"White":[35,194,202],"completed":[41],"Experiences":[43],"of":[44,52,63,69],"Discrimination":[45],"Scale,":[46],"which":[47],"assesses":[48],"lifetime":[50],"frequency":[51],"racially":[53],"motivated":[54],"discrimination.":[55],"Participants":[56],"provided":[57],"fasting":[58],"blood":[59],"samples":[60],"assessment":[62],"glucose":[64],"determination":[68],"IR":[70,124],"A1c.":[72,146],"Covariates":[73],"included":[74],"age,":[75],"education,":[76],"waist":[77,135],"circumference,":[78],"distress,":[80],"stressful":[82],"life":[83],"events.":[84],"RESULTS:":[85],"In":[86,137],"unadjusted":[87,138],"regression":[88,139],"analysis":[89,116,157],"significantly":[92,121,143,163],"IR.":[95],"There":[96,147],"a":[98,101,107,149],"trend":[99],"race":[102,151],"by":[103,152],"interaction,":[105],"weaker":[108],"effect":[109],"Blacks":[111,127],"than":[112],"Whites.":[113],"Follow":[114,155],"up":[115,156],"showed":[117,158],"that":[118,159],"both":[126],"Whites,":[129,172],"even":[130,173],"adjustment,":[132,175],"as":[133,176],"circumference.":[136],"analysis,":[140],"significant":[150],"interaction.":[154],"not":[162],"A1c":[166,200],"among":[167,171],"Blacks,":[168],"but":[169],"distress":[179],"use.":[182],"CONCLUSIONS:":[183],"Racial":[184],"is":[186],"diabetes,":[197],"diabetes.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
