{"id":"https://openalex.org/W164344692","doi":null,"title":"Tackling COPD: a multicomponent disease driven by inflammation.","display_name":"Tackling COPD: a multicomponent disease driven by inflammation.","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W164344692","mag":"164344692","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17406181","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1781317"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:17406181","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17406181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1781317/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055290227","display_name":"P\u00e9ter Kardos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-4820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-4820"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Kardos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Allergy Group Practice at Maingau Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany. kardos@lungenpraxis-maingau.de"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Allergy Group Practice at Maingau Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany. kardos@lungenpraxis-maingau.de","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020831344","display_name":"Joseph Michael Keenan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Keenan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38455218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"54","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-inflammation","display_name":"lung inflammation","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copd-pathogenesis","display_name":"COPD pathogenesis","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-acting-beta-agonists","display_name":"long-acting beta2-agonists","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhaled-corticosteroids","display_name":"inhaled corticosteroids","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-exacerbation-of-copd","display_name":"COPD exacerbations","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-treatment","display_name":"early treatment","score":0.7179999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.9223223924636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.772779107093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992779976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Pulmonary disease","level":2,"score":0.6938294172286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.669903039932251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.648003339767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.5521636009216309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.5400280952453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776252253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663815","display_name":"Systemic inflammation","level":3,"score":0.5088720321655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3203583061695099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.16737014055252075}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000280","descriptor_name":"Administration, Inhalation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000305","descriptor_name":"Adrenal Cortex Hormones","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000305","descriptor_name":"Adrenal Cortex Hormones","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000318","descriptor_name":"Adrenergic beta-Agonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011014","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018343","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029424","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029424","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:17406181","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17406181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1781317","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1781317/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedGenMed","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:164344692","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17406181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1781317","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1781317/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MedGenMed","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W176029630","https://openalex.org/W1661467263","https://openalex.org/W1805172352","https://openalex.org/W1838585748","https://openalex.org/W1850996803","https://openalex.org/W1905314305","https://openalex.org/W1961645094","https://openalex.org/W1969820627","https://openalex.org/W1970363881","https://openalex.org/W1978717966","https://openalex.org/W1982193727","https://openalex.org/W1989448936","https://openalex.org/W1989738601","https://openalex.org/W1989877439","https://openalex.org/W1991648511","https://openalex.org/W1993468167","https://openalex.org/W2004030776","https://openalex.org/W2006193143","https://openalex.org/W2006386585","https://openalex.org/W2007664092","https://openalex.org/W2009343792","https://openalex.org/W2020388159","https://openalex.org/W2036327819","https://openalex.org/W2044871409","https://openalex.org/W2045616259","https://openalex.org/W2045749557","https://openalex.org/W2048571011","https://openalex.org/W2064912521","https://openalex.org/W2066083814","https://openalex.org/W2066781195","https://openalex.org/W2070935883","https://openalex.org/W2073404220","https://openalex.org/W2078669720","https://openalex.org/W2084754906","https://openalex.org/W2086872426","https://openalex.org/W2087604391","https://openalex.org/W2088022718","https://openalex.org/W2091215576","https://openalex.org/W2094203991","https://openalex.org/W2096242114","https://openalex.org/W2097668834","https://openalex.org/W2098666638","https://openalex.org/W2103470959","https://openalex.org/W2104168490","https://openalex.org/W2107045802","https://openalex.org/W2108426443","https://openalex.org/W2110378267","https://openalex.org/W2112334970","https://openalex.org/W2113707806","https://openalex.org/W2116784557","https://openalex.org/W2117547745","https://openalex.org/W2120629366","https://openalex.org/W2123709617","https://openalex.org/W2126535440","https://openalex.org/W2127500894","https://openalex.org/W2129070223","https://openalex.org/W2133119676","https://openalex.org/W2134122420","https://openalex.org/W2134232280","https://openalex.org/W2136214738","https://openalex.org/W2137716849","https://openalex.org/W2139397407","https://openalex.org/W2141086527","https://openalex.org/W2142566654","https://openalex.org/W2144424062","https://openalex.org/W2145152803","https://openalex.org/W2145466675","https://openalex.org/W2149199480","https://openalex.org/W2153571482","https://openalex.org/W2154476916","https://openalex.org/W2155638685","https://openalex.org/W2156692732","https://openalex.org/W2157487693","https://openalex.org/W2158795682","https://openalex.org/W2160514818","https://openalex.org/W2160747860","https://openalex.org/W2163870873","https://openalex.org/W2166432084","https://openalex.org/W2166675610","https://openalex.org/W2170075933","https://openalex.org/W2170298115","https://openalex.org/W2268275976","https://openalex.org/W2315171876","https://openalex.org/W2322866941","https://openalex.org/W2400217583","https://openalex.org/W2614242365","https://openalex.org/W2891681370","https://openalex.org/W4205209053","https://openalex.org/W4241659736","https://openalex.org/W4243709722","https://openalex.org/W4247096888","https://openalex.org/W4248643503"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105746012","https://openalex.org/W2017368329","https://openalex.org/W2081617393","https://openalex.org/W2094203991","https://openalex.org/W2374862134","https://openalex.org/W2151383616","https://openalex.org/W2065517076","https://openalex.org/W2143504592","https://openalex.org/W4256043336","https://openalex.org/W2055423609"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,19],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"research":[3],"has":[4,91],"revealed":[5],"more":[6],"about":[7],"the":[8,11,23,27,116,121,130],"factors":[9],"underlying":[10],"pathogenesis":[12],"of":[13,42,72,82,98,100,118,123,132],"chronic":[14],"obstructive":[15],"pulmonary":[16],"disease":[17,49,146],"(COPD).":[18],"particular,":[20],"inflammation":[21],"in":[22,31,63,114],"lungs":[24],"leads":[25],"to":[26,105],"structural":[28],"changes":[29],"observed":[30],"COPD,":[32],"while":[33],"extrapulmonary":[34],"symptoms":[35],"and":[36,74,87,125,142],"comorbidities":[37],"may":[38,75],"be":[39,61],"systemic":[40],"manifestations":[41],"these":[43],"inflammatory":[44],"processes.":[45],"A":[46,80],"new":[47],"multicomponent":[48],"model":[50],"is":[51],"proposed":[52],"that":[53,59],"takes":[54],"into":[55],"account":[56],"all":[57,78],"elements":[58],"should":[60],"considered":[62],"treatment":[64],"decisions.":[65],"Current":[66],"monotherapies":[67],"act":[68],"on":[69],"different":[70],"aspects":[71],"COPD":[73,133],"not":[76],"address":[77],"components.":[79],"combination":[81,103],"a":[83,95],"long-acting":[84],"beta2":[85],"agonist":[86],"an":[88],"inhaled":[89],"corticosteroid":[90],"complementary":[92],"effects,":[93],"addressing":[94,143],"wider":[96],"range":[97],"components":[99,147],"COPD.":[101],"This":[102],"appears":[104],"have":[106],"greater":[107],"clinical":[108],"benefits":[109],"than":[110],"either":[111],"agent":[112],"alone":[113],"reducing":[115,120],"frequency":[117],"exacerbations,":[119],"number":[122],"hospitalizations,":[124],"potentially":[126,135],"promoting":[127],"survival.":[128],"Minimizing":[129],"burden":[131],"within--and":[134],"outside--the":[136],"lung":[137],"means":[138],"treating":[139],"patients":[140],"early":[141],"as":[144,148],"many":[145],"possible.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
