{"id":"https://openalex.org/W163856548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","title":"Lidar remote sensing of above\u2010ground biomass in three biomes","display_name":"Lidar remote sensing of above\u2010ground biomass in three biomes","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W163856548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","mag":"163856548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169694011","display_name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","issn_l":"1466-822X","issn":["1466-822X","1466-8238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080616577","display_name":"Michael Andrew Lefsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-1378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-1378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Lefsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, Forest Sciences Laboratory, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected]","Oregon State University>"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, Forest Sciences Laboratory, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University>","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063686564","display_name":"Warren B. Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3144-9532","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3144-9532"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313416372","display_name":"US Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Warren B. Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service, Forest Sciences Laboratory, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, U.S.A.;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service, Forest Sciences Laboratory, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, U.S.A.;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David J. Harding","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Harding","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Geodynamics Branch and Mail Code921 Greenbelt, MD 20771, U.S.A.;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Geodynamics Branch and Mail Code921 Greenbelt, MD 20771, U.S.A.;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020087573","display_name":"Geoffrey G. Parker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-6491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-6491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52218309","display_name":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/032a13752","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103187081","https://openalex.org/I52218309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey G. Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, PO Box 28, Edgewater, MD 21037, U.S.A.;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, PO Box 28, Edgewater, MD 21037, U.S.A.;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52218309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062015960","display_name":"Steven A. Acker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1005-4435","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1005-4435"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304808963","display_name":"National Park Service","ror":"https://ror.org/044zqqy65","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304808963","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven A. Acker","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Park Service, 909 First Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, U.S.A.;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Park Service, 909 First Avenue, Seattle, WA 98104, U.S.A.;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304808963"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108219805","display_name":"Stith T. Gower","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Thomas Gower","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080616577"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.1347,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":554,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98617694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"393","last_page":"399"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aboveground-biomass","display_name":"aboveground biomass","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"LiDAR","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-carbon-storage","display_name":"forest carbon storage","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy-structure","display_name":"canopy structure","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-estimation","display_name":"biomass estimation","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperate-deciduous-forest","display_name":"temperate deciduous forest","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperate-coniferous-forest","display_name":"temperate coniferous forest","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boreal-coniferous-forest","display_name":"boreal coniferous forest","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression-models","display_name":"regression models","score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-cycle","display_name":"carbon cycle","score":0.5440000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.8029430508613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89920630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101998","display_name":"Biome","level":3,"score":0.7965854406356812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7265931367874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.7121312618255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33283694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131316","display_name":"Deciduous","level":2,"score":0.6091055274009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5919415950775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.5735794901847839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87621631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69564","display_name":"Taiga","level":2,"score":0.5717332363128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81461190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167466","display_name":"Temperate climate","level":2,"score":0.566983699798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6939412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167751","display_name":"Carbon cycle","level":3,"score":0.4895811975002289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100537666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q893477","display_name":"Boreal","level":2,"score":0.4417480230331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188442384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079197","display_name":"Temperate forest","level":3,"score":0.44086745381355286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.4244965612888336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154702282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1556311","display_name":"Temperate deciduous forest","level":3,"score":0.423796147108078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4196639955043793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.33052459359169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.29110878705978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.25729915499687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.236646831035614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11000755429267883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0701303780078888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00303.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S169694011","display_name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","issn_l":"1466-822X","issn":["1466-822X","1466-8238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.150.8727","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.150.8727","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.isprs.org/commission3/annapolis/pdf/Lefsky.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.434.1263","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.434.1263","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXIV/3-W4/pdf/Lefsky.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.si.edu:10088/17929","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10088/17929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402600","display_name":"Smithsonian Digital Repository (Smithsonian Institution)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I103187081","host_organization_name":"Smithsonian Institution","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103187081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:163856548","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXIV/3-W4/pdf/Lefsky.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.9599999785423279,"display_name":"Life on land"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.821399986743927,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W285088500","https://openalex.org/W1590243370","https://openalex.org/W1967395374","https://openalex.org/W1989645185","https://openalex.org/W1993272489","https://openalex.org/W1998779060","https://openalex.org/W2014905622","https://openalex.org/W2017697133","https://openalex.org/W2028825533","https://openalex.org/W2029449972","https://openalex.org/W2032771339","https://openalex.org/W2043142216","https://openalex.org/W2050401936","https://openalex.org/W2078073057","https://openalex.org/W2093830434","https://openalex.org/W2128377406","https://openalex.org/W2132406085","https://openalex.org/W2134966150","https://openalex.org/W2148055145","https://openalex.org/W2162298841","https://openalex.org/W2795939000","https://openalex.org/W2982124800","https://openalex.org/W2999969684"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095351061","https://openalex.org/W7099187750","https://openalex.org/W2364273268","https://openalex.org/W2087346592","https://openalex.org/W2155617392","https://openalex.org/W4402504903","https://openalex.org/W2125574854","https://openalex.org/W2995101791","https://openalex.org/W7096560345","https://openalex.org/W4387781268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Estimation":[1],"of":[2,5,31,56,71,89,125],"the":[3,16,53,66,79,95],"amount":[4],"carbon":[6,18,32],"stored":[7],"in":[8,34,94,127,139],"forests":[9,39,57],"is":[10,24,40,111],"a":[11],"key":[12],"challenge":[13],"for":[14,42,63,107,116,142],"understanding":[15],"global":[17],"cycle,":[19],"one":[20],"which":[21],"remote":[22],"sensing":[23,65],"expected":[25],"to":[26,36],"help":[27],"address.":[28],"However,":[29],"estimation":[30],"storage":[33],"moderate":[35],"high":[37],"biomass":[38,91,129],"difficult":[41],"conventional":[43],"optical":[44],"and":[45,58,68,85,100,133],"radar":[46],"sensors.":[47],"Lidar":[48],"(lightdetection":[49],"andranging)":[50],"instruments":[51],"measure":[52],"vertical":[54],"structure":[55,84],"thus":[59],"hold":[60],"great":[61],"promise":[62],"remotely":[64],"quantity":[67],"spatial":[69],"organization":[70],"forest":[72],"biomass.":[73],"In":[74],"this":[75],"study,":[76],"we":[77],"compare":[78],"relationships":[80],"between":[81],"lidar\u2010measured":[82],"canopy":[83],"coincident":[86],"field":[87],"measurements":[88],"above\u2010ground":[90,128],"at":[92],"sites":[93,110],"temperate":[96,98],"deciduous,":[97],"coniferous,":[99],"boreal":[101],"coniferous":[102],"biomes.":[103],"A":[104],"single":[105,121],"regression":[106],"all":[108],"three":[109],"compared":[112],"with":[113],"equations":[114],"derived":[115],"each":[117],"site":[118],"individually.":[119],"The":[120],"equation":[122],"explains":[123],"84%":[124],"variance":[126],"(P":[130],"<":[131],"0.0001)":[132],"shows":[134],"no":[135],"statistically":[136],"significant":[137],"bias":[138],"its":[140],"predictions":[141],"any":[143],"individual":[144],"site.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":36}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}