{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1625928741","doi":null,"title":"29+ Evidences for Macroevolution: The Scientific Case for Common Descent","display_name":"29+ Evidences for Macroevolution: The Scientific Case for Common Descent","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1625928741","mag":"1625928741"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1625928741","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.talkorigins.org/pdf/comdesc.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046700536","display_name":"Douglas L. Theobald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-8343","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-8343"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6902469","display_name":"Brandeis University","ror":"https://ror.org/05abbep66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6902469"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Douglas L. Theobald","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brandeis University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-8343","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandeis University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6902469"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046700536"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6902469"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1559,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88750918,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12182","display_name":"Evolution and Science Education","score":0.798799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12182","display_name":"Evolution and Science Education","score":0.798799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11354","display_name":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","score":0.07810000330209732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.054099999368190765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroevolution","display_name":"macroevolution","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-descent","display_name":"common ancestry","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microevolution","display_name":"microevolution","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/descent-with-modification","display_name":"descent with modification","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-theory","display_name":"evolutionary theory","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-for-evolution","display_name":"evidence for evolution","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-transformation","display_name":"species transformation","score":0.3149999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11710620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q680054","display_name":"Microevolution","level":3,"score":0.9904817342758179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44527532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722612","display_name":"Macroevolution","level":4,"score":0.9864785671234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.5147533416748047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188162584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076026","display_name":"Evolutionism","level":2,"score":0.47872281074523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71640776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16521","display_name":"Taxon","level":2,"score":0.4714276194572449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137583809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096404","display_name":"Modern evolutionary synthesis","level":2,"score":0.4536019563674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.45336535573005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776838516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.44109266996383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53553401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47307","display_name":"Genealogy","level":1,"score":0.34396296739578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.34096914529800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90132467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171184","display_name":"Phylogenetics","level":3,"score":0.31997281312942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.28835946321487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2658439874649048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.1746591329574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.14753839373588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.12749245762825012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11552828550338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.07509207725524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1625928741","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.talkorigins.org/pdf/comdesc.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":113,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W38372573","https://openalex.org/W119912976","https://openalex.org/W256019955","https://openalex.org/W594435936","https://openalex.org/W961094835","https://openalex.org/W1491063910","https://openalex.org/W1505752020","https://openalex.org/W1509187445","https://openalex.org/W1510757680","https://openalex.org/W1522592213","https://openalex.org/W1552811890","https://openalex.org/W1555070335","https://openalex.org/W1555272464","https://openalex.org/W1556269646","https://openalex.org/W1562825769","https://openalex.org/W1564906507","https://openalex.org/W1571205912","https://openalex.org/W1601056649","https://openalex.org/W1601104039","https://openalex.org/W1633944576","https://openalex.org/W1639459391","https://openalex.org/W1680955625","https://openalex.org/W1757214301","https://openalex.org/W1854335913","https://openalex.org/W1866854214","https://openalex.org/W1902482086","https://openalex.org/W1963600470","https://openalex.org/W1965716097","https://openalex.org/W1967720546","https://openalex.org/W1972200118","https://openalex.org/W1976229394","https://openalex.org/W1980502206","https://openalex.org/W1984306711","https://openalex.org/W1987254473","https://openalex.org/W1995890074","https://openalex.org/W2004066268","https://openalex.org/W2004247831","https://openalex.org/W2006724904","https://openalex.org/W2008412982","https://openalex.org/W2011521434","https://openalex.org/W2013446450","https://openalex.org/W2015332750","https://openalex.org/W2015727531","https://openalex.org/W2018410989","https://openalex.org/W2018913450","https://openalex.org/W2022213913","https://openalex.org/W2023024914","https://openalex.org/W2029156477","https://openalex.org/W2029690208","https://openalex.org/W2030135048","https://openalex.org/W2040668305","https://openalex.org/W2043550556","https://openalex.org/W2044099873","https://openalex.org/W2046638965","https://openalex.org/W2047712426","https://openalex.org/W2050669549","https://openalex.org/W2051150538","https://openalex.org/W2051534920","https://openalex.org/W2059173951","https://openalex.org/W2060321080","https://openalex.org/W2063166493","https://openalex.org/W2065384138","https://openalex.org/W2069929644","https://openalex.org/W2070179674","https://openalex.org/W2070807615","https://openalex.org/W2071346304","https://openalex.org/W2073413487","https://openalex.org/W2079244396","https://openalex.org/W2081704147","https://openalex.org/W2084629681","https://openalex.org/W2085299293","https://openalex.org/W2085448729","https://openalex.org/W2085856353","https://openalex.org/W2091279754","https://openalex.org/W2092231956","https://openalex.org/W2093421981","https://openalex.org/W2098234288","https://openalex.org/W2101157884","https://openalex.org/W2103581484","https://openalex.org/W2103608005","https://openalex.org/W2104430847","https://openalex.org/W2107648648","https://openalex.org/W2122240788","https://openalex.org/W2124171669","https://openalex.org/W2130972387","https://openalex.org/W2131723359","https://openalex.org/W2133153690","https://openalex.org/W2134484762","https://openalex.org/W2138952930","https://openalex.org/W2139268016","https://openalex.org/W2140114637","https://openalex.org/W2142928349","https://openalex.org/W2145156285","https://openalex.org/W2147785328","https://openalex.org/W2153586836","https://openalex.org/W2159266221","https://openalex.org/W2164537225","https://openalex.org/W2168909179","https://openalex.org/W2169412018","https://openalex.org/W2270430976","https://openalex.org/W2314186378","https://openalex.org/W2315110425","https://openalex.org/W2319369244","https://openalex.org/W2341447933","https://openalex.org/W2341839340","https://openalex.org/W2346359951","https://openalex.org/W2406471694","https://openalex.org/W2409484872","https://openalex.org/W2504337550","https://openalex.org/W2568511220","https://openalex.org/W2589107153","https://openalex.org/W2891459077","https://openalex.org/W4230501579"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096510794","https://openalex.org/W7075349678","https://openalex.org/W2135240678","https://openalex.org/W4255949508","https://openalex.org/W2768905605","https://openalex.org/W6960152628","https://openalex.org/W7095291528","https://openalex.org/W4405236230","https://openalex.org/W2132237163","https://openalex.org/W2948184287"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"volution,":[0],"the":[1,6,30,39,52,86,91,107,129],"overarching":[2],"concept":[3],"that":[4],"unifies":[5],"biological":[7],"sciences,":[8],"in":[9,51,90],"fact":[10],"embraces":[11],"a":[12],"plurality":[13],"of":[14,45,57,59,73,93,110,114,123],"theories":[15],"and":[16,33,54,64,116,120,133],"hypotheses.":[17],"In":[18,96],"evolutionary":[19,97],"debates":[20],"one":[21],"is":[22,68,76,80,83],"apt":[23],"to":[24],"hear":[25],"evolution":[26,84],"roughly":[27],"parceled":[28],"between":[29],"terms":[31],"microevolution":[32],"macroevolution.":[81],"Microevolution,":[35],"or":[36],"change":[37,50],"beneath":[38],"species":[40,130],"level,":[41],"may":[42],"be":[43],"thought":[44],"as":[46],"relatively":[47],"small":[48],"scale":[88],"functional":[53,119],"genetic":[55],"constituencies":[56],"populations":[58,124],"organisms.":[60],"That":[61],"this":[62],"occurs":[63],"has":[65],"been":[66],"observed":[67],"generally":[69],"undisputed":[70],"by":[71],"critics":[72],"evolution.":[74],"What":[75],"vigorously":[77],"challenged,":[78],"however,":[79],"Macroevolution":[82],"on":[85],"grand":[87],"resulting":[89],"origin":[92],"higher":[94],"taxa.":[95],"theory":[98],"it":[99],"thus":[100],"entails":[101],"common":[102],"ancestry,":[103],"descent":[104],"with":[105],"modification,":[106],"genealogical":[108],"relatedness":[109],"all":[111,127],"life,":[112],"transformation":[113],"species,":[115],"large":[117],"structural":[121],"changes":[122],"through":[125],"time,":[126],"above":[128],"level":[131],"(Freeman":[132],"Herron":[134],"2004;":[135],"Futuyma":[136],"1998;":[137],"Ridley":[138],"1993).":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
