{"id":"https://openalex.org/W162353158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","title":"EPISTEMOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE","display_name":"EPISTEMOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W162353158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","mag":"162353158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Readings in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1551377873","display_name":"Readings in Artificial Intelligence"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001232416","display_name":"John McCarthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-1921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-1921","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8903-6573","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-4266"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John McCarthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305","Computer Science Dept., Stanford University, Stanford, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Dept., Stanford University, Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001232416"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8135,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":334,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96529968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"459","last_page":"465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.12999999523162842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"artificial intelligence","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"epistemology","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation","display_name":"knowledge representation","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference-rules","display_name":"inference rules","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-availability","display_name":"information availability","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problem-solving","display_name":"problem solving","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic-search","display_name":"heuristic search","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-matching","display_name":"pattern matching","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-memory","display_name":"computer memory","score":0.4779999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.7792662382125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.730806827545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778120072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2858150","display_name":"Aside","level":2,"score":0.5867298245429993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5655630826950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5376962423324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4613049626350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.350808322429657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3506511151790619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19051894545555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.16872501373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10333126783370972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50035-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Readings in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.398.4288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.398.4288","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/epistemological.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481182308","https://openalex.org/W1545815294","https://openalex.org/W2122870912","https://openalex.org/W2138162238","https://openalex.org/W6680341452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095630555","https://openalex.org/W2731836300","https://openalex.org/W2367451877","https://openalex.org/W2048723393","https://openalex.org/W4300837428","https://openalex.org/W7209844390","https://openalex.org/W1879588732","https://openalex.org/W2489298335","https://openalex.org/W1980668592","https://openalex.org/W7165897534"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
