{"id":"https://openalex.org/W161477535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt197518159","title":"Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of lidocaine in patients with renal failure","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of lidocaine in patients with renal failure","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W161477535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt197518159","mag":"161477535","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1149363"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cpt197518159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt197518159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt197518159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159852663","display_name":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics","issn_l":"0009-9236","issn":["0009-9236","1085-8733","1532-6535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067209273","display_name":"Ken A. Collinsworth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken A. Collinsworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113512364","display_name":"John M. Strong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John M. Strong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111884412","display_name":"Arthur J. Atkinson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur J. Atkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036532796","display_name":"Roger A. Winkle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1906-5504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1906-5504"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger A. Winkle","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077630884","display_name":"Frank Perlroth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Perlroth","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110825017","display_name":"Donald C. Harrison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald C. Harrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, and the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Stanford, Calif., and Chicago, Ill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4410,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4410},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0888,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93170029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"59","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.6815999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10375","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","score":0.6815999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.12189999967813492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.09480000287294388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidocaine","display_name":"lidocaine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacokinetics","display_name":"pharmacokinetics","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-failure","display_name":"renal failure","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uremia","display_name":"uremia","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodialysis","display_name":"hemodialysis","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoethylglycinexylidide","display_name":"monoethylglycinexylidide","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidocaine-metabolites","display_name":"lidocaine metabolites","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-clearance","display_name":"drug clearance","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume-of-distribution","display_name":"volume of distribution","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidocaine-infusion","display_name":"lidocaine infusion","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-safety","display_name":"drug safety","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216935","display_name":"Lidocaine","level":2,"score":0.9808146357536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139254425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332167","display_name":"Volume of distribution","level":3,"score":0.822043776512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.8121485710144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5661464333534241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.55539470911026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4655863344669342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908944559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332167","display_name":"Distribution Volume","level":4,"score":0.41053450107574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.24782723188400269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005021","descriptor_name":"Ethylamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005998","descriptor_name":"Glycine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006207","descriptor_name":"Half-Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007676","descriptor_name":"Kidney Failure, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008012","descriptor_name":"Lidocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008012","descriptor_name":"Lidocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014992","descriptor_name":"Xylenes","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cpt197518159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt197518159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt197518159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159852663","display_name":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics","issn_l":"0009-9236","issn":["0009-9236","1085-8733","1532-6535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1149363","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1149363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069995779","https://openalex.org/W2145688760","https://openalex.org/W90907095","https://openalex.org/W207991112","https://openalex.org/W89855071","https://openalex.org/W2077729132","https://openalex.org/W2151240550","https://openalex.org/W7095821231","https://openalex.org/W2411299011","https://openalex.org/W2404775646"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"kinetics":[1],"of":[2,6,10,33,36,75,98,142],"distribution":[3,76],"and":[4,8,15,72,81,92,107,121],"elimination":[5],"lidocaine":[7,43,50,59,94,101,131,143],"two":[9],"its":[11],"metabolites,":[12],"monoethylglycinexylidide":[13],"(MEGX)":[14],"glycinexylidide":[16],"(GX),":[17],"were":[18,51,79],"studied":[19],"in":[20,104,133],"4":[21],"uremic":[22,134],"patients":[23,135],"on":[24],"chronic":[25],"hemodialysis.":[26],"Each":[27],"patient":[28],"received":[29],"a":[30,40],"loading":[31],"dose":[32],"75":[34],"mg":[35],"lidocaine,":[37],"followed":[38],"by":[39,109,118],"30":[41],"mug/kh/min":[42],"infusion.":[44,126],"No":[45],"toxic":[46],"side":[47],"effects":[48],"from":[49],"seen":[52],"during":[53],"the":[54,99],"study.":[55],"Average":[56],"values":[57,86],"for":[58,88],"steady-state":[60],"plasma":[61],"levels":[62,113],"(2.3":[63],"mug/ml)":[64],"clearance":[65],"(12.3":[66],"ml/min/kg),":[67],"terminal":[68],"half-life":[69],"(148":[70],"min),":[71],"total":[73],"volume":[74],"(1.9":[77],"L/kg)":[78],"found,":[80],"are":[82],"similar":[83],"to":[84],"those":[85],"reported":[87],"normal":[89],"subjects":[90],"MFGX":[91],"after":[93,125,153],"infusion":[95,132],"averaged":[96],"1/5-2/3":[97],"corresponding":[100],"level,":[102],"as":[103],"nonuremic":[105],"subjects,":[106],"plateaued":[108],"6-8":[110],"hr.":[111,155],"GX":[112,146],"did":[114],"not":[115],"reach":[116],"plateau":[117],"12":[119,154],"hr":[120],"remained":[122],"relatively":[123],"unchanged":[124],"It":[127],"is":[128,136],"concluded":[129],"that":[130],"safe,":[137],"with":[138],"no":[139],"abnormal":[140],"cumulation":[141],"or":[144],"MEGX.":[145],"levels,":[147],"however,":[148],"may":[149],"increase":[150],"progressively,":[151],"even":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}