{"id":"https://openalex.org/W161131878","doi":null,"title":"Social Class, Essentialism, and Restorative Policy Decisions","display_name":"Social Class, Essentialism, and Restorative Policy Decisions","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W161131878","mag":"161131878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:qt8pq776sn","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","pdf_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kraus, Michael Warren. (2010). Social Class, Essentialism, and Restorative Policy Decisions. UC Berkeley: Psychology. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","raw_type":"dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003040386","display_name":"Michael W. Kraus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-4965","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-4965"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael W. Kraus","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-4965","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003040386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12892","display_name":"Social Power and Status Dynamics","score":0.02810000069439411,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essentialism","display_name":"essentialism","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-construction","display_name":"social construction","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restorative-justice","display_name":"restorative justice","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-hierarchy","display_name":"social hierarchy","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-mobility","display_name":"social mobility","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-inequality","display_name":"social inequality","score":0.7229999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153683151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391156","display_name":"Essentialism","level":2,"score":0.7999067306518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110888244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social class","level":2,"score":0.7948997616767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5880671739578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780902446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155605","display_name":"Upper class","level":2,"score":0.497653990983963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.4926832318305969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4683505892753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.30858466029167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21536248922348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.18899092078208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.16942667961120605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.12132075428962708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.10643282532691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09231993556022644}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:qt8pq776sn","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","pdf_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kraus, Michael Warren. (2010). Social Class, Essentialism, and Restorative Policy Decisions. UC Berkeley: Psychology. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","raw_type":"dissertation"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt8pq776sn","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},{"id":"mag:161131878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/etd/ucb/text/Kraus_berkeley_0028E_10725.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:qt8pq776sn","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","pdf_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kraus, Michael Warren. (2010). Social Class, Essentialism, and Restorative Policy Decisions. UC Berkeley: Psychology. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8pq776sn","raw_type":"dissertation"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7390999794006348,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W161131878.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W161131878.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1149360111","https://openalex.org/W1482423698","https://openalex.org/W1500273044","https://openalex.org/W1565766353","https://openalex.org/W1762343226","https://openalex.org/W1787178483","https://openalex.org/W1971440513","https://openalex.org/W1978433600","https://openalex.org/W1980336765","https://openalex.org/W1982105367","https://openalex.org/W1982231015","https://openalex.org/W1995031937","https://openalex.org/W2004198924","https://openalex.org/W2005469878","https://openalex.org/W2006371035","https://openalex.org/W2011751327","https://openalex.org/W2025120043","https://openalex.org/W2034328075","https://openalex.org/W2038702827","https://openalex.org/W2042308982","https://openalex.org/W2054266047","https://openalex.org/W2059328223","https://openalex.org/W2067121975","https://openalex.org/W2090633568","https://openalex.org/W2106125319","https://openalex.org/W2107762763","https://openalex.org/W2108647191","https://openalex.org/W2109891113","https://openalex.org/W2119432837","https://openalex.org/W2128178386","https://openalex.org/W2129900859","https://openalex.org/W2132553791","https://openalex.org/W2132932755","https://openalex.org/W2133344766","https://openalex.org/W2134013145","https://openalex.org/W2134031808","https://openalex.org/W2141553078","https://openalex.org/W2149503679","https://openalex.org/W2154875193","https://openalex.org/W2161520717","https://openalex.org/W2162090451","https://openalex.org/W2162288832","https://openalex.org/W2162586217","https://openalex.org/W2167061708","https://openalex.org/W2171620352","https://openalex.org/W2172013061","https://openalex.org/W2336271831","https://openalex.org/W2508766626","https://openalex.org/W2992981944","https://openalex.org/W3121497648","https://openalex.org/W4253875657"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978732397","https://openalex.org/W2157865587","https://openalex.org/W6907469739","https://openalex.org/W2966527262","https://openalex.org/W2271301388","https://openalex.org/W7099863184","https://openalex.org/W7160203368","https://openalex.org/W2755444128","https://openalex.org/W1994888230","https://openalex.org/W2533610105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"class":[1,27,133,187,235,247,275,305,332],"(socioeconomic":[2],"status,":[3],"SES)":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,277,288,309],"primary":[7],"determinant":[8],"of":[9,82,90,97,131,185,303,316,330],"rank":[10,179,192,295],"in":[11,17,67,95,143,150,264,281,291],"the":[12,18,46,117,328],"human":[13],"social":[14,26,33,38,84,93,104,132,152,186,234,246,251,274,278,304,331,338,343],"hierarchy,":[15],"and":[16,29,55,61,79,88,139,163,219,340],"present":[19],"research":[20,62],"I":[21,115],"examined":[22],"lay":[23,129,145],"theories":[24,36,130,146,184,302],"about":[25,37,327],"categories":[28,39,134,236,306],"their":[30,70,92,292],"implications":[31,322],"for":[32,213,260,318,323],"policy.":[34],"Lay":[35],"(e.g.,":[40,256],"race,":[41],"sexual":[42],"orientation)":[43],"differ":[44],"to":[45,126,136,181,190,229,269,272,286,299,312],"extent":[47],"that":[48,64,80,119,140,233,245],"they":[49],"are":[50,345],"essential--based":[51],"on":[52,155],"internal,":[53],"inherent,":[54],"stable":[56],"characteristics--or":[57],"socially":[58,241],"constructed.":[59,242],"Theory":[60],"argue":[63],"high-ranking":[65],"individuals":[66,81,121,202,261],"society":[68],"justify":[69],"elevated":[71,86,176],"positions":[72],"by":[73],"endorsing":[74,220],"essentialist":[75,128,144,183,197,239,250,301],"beliefs":[76,326],"(Keller,":[77],"2005),":[78],"upper":[83],"class--experiencing":[85],"control":[87],"freedom":[89],"choice--explain":[91],"world":[94],"terms":[96],"stable,":[98],"internal":[99],"states,":[100],"rather":[101],"than":[102],"external":[103],"forces":[105],"(Kraus,":[106],"Piff,":[107],"&":[108],"Keltner,":[109],"2009).":[110],"Following":[111],"from":[112],"this":[113,195],"analysis,":[114],"tested":[116],"predictions":[118],"upper-class":[120,201],"would":[122,147],"be":[123],"more":[124,204,297],"likely":[125,298],"endorse":[127,182,300],"relative":[135,189,268,293],"lower-class":[137,164,191],"individuals,":[138],"class-based":[141,196],"patterns":[142],"explain":[148],"differences":[149],"restorative":[151,205,254,314],"policy":[153],"judgments--focused":[154],"protecting":[156,216],"vulnerable":[157],"groups,":[158],"or":[159,240],"rehabilitation-based":[160,221],"punishments--among":[161],"upper-":[162],"individuals.Three":[165],"studies":[166],"bore":[167],"out":[168],"these":[169],"predictions.":[170],"In":[171,223],"Study":[172,224,282],"1,":[173],"participants":[174,226,270,284],"with":[175],"subjective":[177],"socioeconomic":[178,294],"tended":[180,311],"categories,":[188],"participants.":[193],"Moreover,":[194],"tendency":[198],"explained":[199],"why":[200],"opposed":[203,253],"policies":[206,255,336],"providing":[207],"education":[208],"opportunities,":[209],"ensuring":[210],"tax":[211],"relief":[212],"poorer":[214],"people,":[215],"voting":[217],"rights,":[218],"punishments.":[222],"2,":[225],"were":[227,237],"manipulated":[228,271,285],"receive":[230],"information":[231],"suggesting":[232],"either":[238],"Participants":[243],"learning":[244],"was":[248],"an":[249,265],"category":[252],"mandatory":[257],"ethics":[258],"seminars)":[259],"caught":[262],"cheating":[263],"academic":[266],"setting,":[267],"perceive":[273],"as":[276,308],"construction.":[279],"Finally,":[280],"3,":[283],"experience":[287],"momentary":[289],"increase":[290],"became":[296],"and,":[307],"result,":[310],"favor":[313],"forms":[315],"punishment":[317],"financial":[319],"crimes.":[320],"The":[321],"understanding":[324],"how":[325],"malleability":[329],"can":[333],"shape":[334],"public":[335],"toward":[337],"mobility":[339],"perpetuate":[341],"current":[342],"inequality":[344],"discussed.":[346]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
