{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1608404722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","title":"International strategic minerals inventory summary report; natural graphite","display_name":"International strategic minerals inventory summary report; natural graphite","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1608404722","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","mag":"1608404722"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3133/cir930h","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","pdf_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1989/0930h/report.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229095","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey circular/U.S. Geological Survey Circular","issn_l":"1067-084X","issn":["1067-084X","2330-5703","2332-3302"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319934","host_organization_name":"United States Geological Survey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319934","https://openalex.org/P4310316088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["United States Geological Survey","United States Department of the Interior"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circular","raw_type":"report-component"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1989/0930h/report.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023247017","display_name":"Ulrich H. Krauss","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1305948331","display_name":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04d77de73","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U.H. Krauss","raw_affiliation_strings":["of Germany , Harold","Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"of Germany , Harold","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065105384","display_name":"Helmut Schmidt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1305948331","display_name":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04d77de73","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.W. Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["of Germany , Harold","Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"of Germany , Harold","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101193626","display_name":"Hope Taylor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1305948331","display_name":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04d77de73","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.A. Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["of Germany , Harold","Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"of Germany , Harold","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033140850","display_name":"David M. Sutphin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1305948331","display_name":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04d77de73","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.M. Sutphin","raw_affiliation_strings":["of Germany , Harold","Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"of Germany , Harold","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR), Mineral Policy Sector (MPS);","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mineral and Energy Affairs (MEA), Minerals Bureau;","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) of the Federal Republic of Germany, Harold A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305948331"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13021","display_name":"Geology and Environmental Impact Studies","score":0.38429999351501465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13021","display_name":"Geology and Environmental Impact Studies","score":0.38429999351501465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11933","display_name":"Mining and Resource Management","score":0.22310000658035278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11091","display_name":"Extraction and Separation Processes","score":0.06989999860525131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-graphite","display_name":"natural graphite","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-minerals","display_name":"strategic minerals","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-deposits","display_name":"mineral deposits","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-raw-materials","display_name":"mineral raw materials","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphite-deposits","display_name":"graphite deposits","score":0.5249999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779698641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309","display_name":"Graphite","level":2,"score":0.9069678783416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.5513531565666199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195845463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105630","display_name":"Pegmatite","level":2,"score":0.540221631526947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778162197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5457079","display_name":"Flake","level":2,"score":0.5149003267288208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.45979827642440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.40879642963409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3685952126979828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3471892476081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.18676549196243286}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3133/cir930h","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","pdf_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1989/0930h/report.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229095","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey circular/U.S. Geological Survey Circular","issn_l":"1067-084X","issn":["1067-084X","2330-5703","2332-3302"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319934","host_organization_name":"United States Geological Survey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319934","https://openalex.org/P4310316088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["United States Geological Survey","United States Department of the Interior"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circular","raw_type":"report-component"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3133/cir930h","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/cir930h","pdf_url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1989/0930h/report.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210229095","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey circular/U.S. Geological Survey Circular","issn_l":"1067-084X","issn":["1067-084X","2330-5703","2332-3302"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319934","host_organization_name":"United States Geological Survey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319934","https://openalex.org/P4310316088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["United States Geological Survey","United States Department of the Interior"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circular","raw_type":"report-component"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1608404722.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1608404722.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568406803","https://openalex.org/W587675634","https://openalex.org/W625064940","https://openalex.org/W632032146","https://openalex.org/W634041438","https://openalex.org/W651004354","https://openalex.org/W1524530145","https://openalex.org/W1561596278","https://openalex.org/W1584928605","https://openalex.org/W1589506469","https://openalex.org/W1977731637","https://openalex.org/W2021520466","https://openalex.org/W2027768717","https://openalex.org/W2030610661","https://openalex.org/W2045849815","https://openalex.org/W2053870955","https://openalex.org/W2083845990","https://openalex.org/W2107438405","https://openalex.org/W2139477216","https://openalex.org/W2140808133","https://openalex.org/W2197161179","https://openalex.org/W2338490235","https://openalex.org/W2499973866","https://openalex.org/W2897369650","https://openalex.org/W4206142815","https://openalex.org/W4230551844","https://openalex.org/W4244012935","https://openalex.org/W4246647140","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300408572","https://openalex.org/W6600005074","https://openalex.org/W6635445731","https://openalex.org/W6697593926","https://openalex.org/W6698614140","https://openalex.org/W6738815151","https://openalex.org/W6812231921","https://openalex.org/W6827619924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554687470","https://openalex.org/W1542943061","https://openalex.org/W7098467032","https://openalex.org/W189637375","https://openalex.org/W4236793477","https://openalex.org/W1586000146","https://openalex.org/W278512072","https://openalex.org/W1528764463","https://openalex.org/W4243142479","https://openalex.org/W7061864311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Earth-science":[0],"and":[1],"mineral-resource":[2],"agencies":[3],"from":[4],"several":[5],"countries":[6],"started":[7],"the":[8,38,43],"International":[9],"Strategic":[10],"Minerals":[11],"Inventory":[12],"in":[13],"order":[14],"to":[15],"gather":[16],"cooperatively":[17],"information":[18,30],"about":[19,31],"major":[20,32],"sources":[21],"of":[22,34,37],"strategic":[23],"mineral":[24,39],"raw":[25],"materials.This":[26],"circular":[27],"summarizes":[28],"inventory":[29],"deposits":[33],"graphite,":[35],"one":[36],"commodities":[40],"selected":[41],"for":[42],"inventory.The":[44],"report":[45],"was":[46],"prepared":[47],"by":[48],"Ulrich":[49],"H.":[50],"Krauss":[51]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}