{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1606293191","doi":null,"title":"Release of Residues from Melting NORM-Contaminated Steel Scrap - A German Approach","display_name":"Release of Residues from Melting NORM-Contaminated Steel Scrap - A German Approach","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1606293191","mag":"1606293191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc785157","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785157/","pdf_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785157/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Waste Management 2003 Symposium, Tucson, AZ (US), 02/23/2003--02/27/2003","raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785157/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057704985","display_name":"Ulrich Quade","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111927","display_name":"Siempelkamp (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/021b9pa93","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111927"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quade, U.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siempelkamp Nukleartechnik GmbH , Siempelkampstrasse 45 , 47803 Krefeld , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siempelkamp Nukleartechnik GmbH , Siempelkampstrasse 45 , 47803 Krefeld , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111927"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004820615","display_name":"Stefan Thierfeldt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thierfeldt, S.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systemplanung GmbH Heider-Hof-Weg 23 , 52080 Aachen , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systemplanung GmbH Heider-Hof-Weg 23 , 52080 Aachen , Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003258338","display_name":"S. Wvrlen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wvrlen, S.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16659878,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13923","display_name":"Nuclear and radioactivity studies","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13923","display_name":"Nuclear and radioactivity studies","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.2939000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11089","display_name":"Radioactive contamination and transfer","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naturally-occurring-radioactive-materials","display_name":"naturally occurring radioactive materials","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steel-melting","display_name":"steel melting","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radioactive-residues","display_name":"radioactive residues","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slag","display_name":"slag","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter-dust","display_name":"filter dust","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-exposure-assessment","display_name":"radiation exposure assessment","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-protection-ordinance","display_name":"Radiation Protection Ordinance","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exposure-limits","display_name":"exposure limits","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exposure-pathways","display_name":"exposure pathways","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-calculation","display_name":"dose calculation","score":0.4449999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192097918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917714","display_name":"Scrap","level":2,"score":0.8562917709350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.6332676410675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.579039454460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.4648197293281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.439065158367157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4230210781097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36062756180763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.34813767671585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.09436675906181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08888283371925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.08604606986045837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0818212628364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc785157","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785157/","pdf_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785157/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Waste Management 2003 Symposium, Tucson, AZ (US), 02/23/2003--02/27/2003","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:826351","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/826351","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/826351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc785157","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785157/","pdf_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc785157/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Waste Management 2003 Symposium, Tucson, AZ (US), 02/23/2003--02/27/2003","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5925999879837036}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1606293191.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1606293191.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7042893665","https://openalex.org/W2128021456","https://openalex.org/W915679708","https://openalex.org/W3018935476","https://openalex.org/W3017782746","https://openalex.org/W63458039","https://openalex.org/W1599977893","https://openalex.org/W2189119054","https://openalex.org/W2080290616","https://openalex.org/W78686091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,55],"many":[1],"raw":[2],"materials":[3,32],"like":[4,104],"crude":[5],"oil,":[6],"natural":[7],"gas,":[8],"mineral":[9],"sands,":[10],"phosphor":[11],"ores":[12],"and":[13,48,58,106,161,204,235],"others":[14],"are":[15,39,61],"contaminated":[16,34,94],"by":[17,63,229],"radionuclides":[18],"from":[19,134,166,184,201],"the":[20,74,98,114,121,125,149,163,181,187,197,221,230],"Uranium":[21],"and/or":[22,91],"Thorium":[23],"decay":[24],"chain":[25],"(NORM),":[26],"also":[27],"plants":[28,38],"for":[29,88,159,162,179],"processing":[30,89],"these":[31],"became":[33],"during":[35],"operation.":[36],"When":[37],"shut":[40],"down,":[41],"large":[42,64],"quantities":[43],"of":[44,71,116,186,199,213,224],"pipes,":[45],"valves,":[46],"pumps":[47],"other":[49],"components":[50],"have":[51,109,129,169,193,217],"to":[52,67,110,130,170],"be":[53,111,238],"scrapped.":[54],"scrap":[56],"yards":[57],"steel":[59,75,95,100],"mills":[60],"equipped":[62],"detector":[65],"systems":[66],"avoid":[68],"an":[69],"input":[70,198],"radioactivity":[72],"into":[73],"cycle,":[76],"decontamination":[77],"is":[78,83],"required":[79,228],"before":[80],"recycling.":[81],"Siempelkamp":[82,188],"operating":[84],"a":[85,211],"melting":[86,189],"plant":[87],"NORM":[90,138],"chemically/":[92],"toxically":[93],"scrap.":[96],"Beside":[97],"decontaminated":[99],"as":[101,227],"output,":[102],"residues":[103,167,185],"slag":[105],"filter":[107],"dust":[108],"managed":[112],"within":[113],"range":[115],"licensed":[117],"values.":[118],"Based":[119],"on":[120,196,220],"European":[122,126],"Safety":[123],"Standard":[124],"member":[127],"states":[128],"implement":[131],"radiation":[132,182],"exposure":[133,157,183,208],"work":[135],"activities":[136],"with":[137],"in":[139,151,210],"their":[140],"Radiation":[141],"Protection":[142],"Ordinances":[143],"(RPO).":[144],"The":[145,215,233],"German":[146,231],"government":[147],"revised":[148],"RPO":[150],"July":[152],"2001.":[153],"Part":[154],"3":[155],"describes":[156],"limits":[158],"workers":[160],"public.":[164],"Exposures":[165],"management":[168],"meet":[171],"1":[172,225],"mSv/year.":[173],"Brenk":[174],"Systemplanung":[175],"has":[176],"performed":[177],"calculations":[178,192,216],"assessing":[180],"plant.":[190],"These":[191],"been":[194,218],"based":[195,219],"metal":[200],"different":[202],"origins":[203],"include":[205],"all":[206],"relevant":[207],"pathways":[209],"number":[212],"scenarios.":[214],"dose":[222],"criterion":[223],"mSv/y":[226],"RPO.":[232],"methods":[234],"results":[236],"will":[237],"presented.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
