{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1606184465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/471364","title":"Fundamentals of technology roadmapping","display_name":"Fundamentals of technology roadmapping","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1606184465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/471364","mag":"1606184465"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/471364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/471364","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/471364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/471364","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135211710","display_name":"Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147799898","display_name":"M Garcia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Lab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Lab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147780509","display_name":"USDOE Office of Financial Management and Controller, Washington, DC (United States)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"USDOE Office of Financial Management and Controller, Washington, DC (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062515398","display_name":"Olin H. Bray","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O Bray","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":344,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14345","display_name":"Scientific Research and Philosophical Inquiry","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-roadmap","display_name":"technology roadmap","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-planning","display_name":"technology planning","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-investment-decisions","display_name":"technology investment decisions","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-gap","display_name":"technology gap","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-technologies","display_name":"critical technologies","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-coordination","display_name":"R&D coordination","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandia-national-laboratories","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","score":0.8690000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144097","display_name":"Technology roadmap","level":2,"score":0.6662232875823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5824683308601379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5768546462059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.5369958281517029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49951791763305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.4644387364387512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544072693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6144385","display_name":"Technology strategy","level":3,"score":0.4546050429344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4360227584838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.4065651297569275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4019518792629242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2725631594657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.25588804483413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86275758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376657","display_name":"Strategic management","level":2,"score":0.13735955953598022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/471364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/471364","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/471364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Albuquerque, NM, and Livermore, CA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc681205","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc681205/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:471364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/471364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:471364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/471364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544121820","https://openalex.org/W2281676333"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100244107","https://openalex.org/W2265246606","https://openalex.org/W1895211567","https://openalex.org/W2602731548","https://openalex.org/W2085090610","https://openalex.org/W4416885712","https://openalex.org/W2023776807","https://openalex.org/W1944108484","https://openalex.org/W6941260677","https://openalex.org/W1957794605"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technology":[0,14,216],"planning":[1,20,89,135,145],"is":[2,129,182,218,225,233,244,249],"important":[3],"for":[4,133],"many":[5,11],"reasons.":[6],"Globally,":[7],"companies":[8,36],"are":[9],"facing":[10],"competitive":[12,27],"problems.":[13],"roadmapping,":[15,123,156],"a":[16,49,73,81,141,152,213,250],"form":[17],"of":[18,144,179,256,264,271],"technology":[19,46,88,105,122,134,155,161,180,190,198,222,243,260,273],"can":[21,65,165,208],"help":[22],"deal":[23],"with":[24,78,116],"this":[25,127,160],"increasingly":[26],"environment.":[28],"While":[29],"it":[30,64,184,232],"has":[31,41],"been":[32,43],"used":[33,167,211],"by":[34,168,193],"some":[35],"and":[37,69,92,136,158,174,197,200,275],"industries,":[38],"the":[39,45,53,60,94,149,221,242,254,272],"focus":[40],"always":[42],"on":[44,52,58,154],"roadmap":[47],"as":[48,80,124,212],"product,":[50,83],"not":[51,226,234],"process.":[54],"This":[55,147,229],"report":[56],"focuses":[57],"formalizing":[59],"process":[61,262],"so":[62],"that":[63,183],"be":[66,111,166,210],"more":[67],"broadly":[68],"easily":[70],"used.":[71],"As":[72],"DOE":[74],"national":[75,100,171],"security":[76,101],"laboratory":[77],"R&D":[79,205],"major":[82],"Sandia":[84],"must":[85],"do":[86],"effective":[87,131],"to":[90,97,187,203,238,252],"identify":[91],"develop":[93],"technologies":[95,109,196],"required":[96],"meet":[98],"its":[99],"mission.":[102],"Once":[103],"identified,":[104],"enhancements":[106],"or":[107,114,246],"new":[108],"may":[110],"developed":[112],"internally":[113],"collaboratively":[115],"external":[117],"partners.":[118],"For":[119],"either":[120],"approach,":[121],"described":[125],"in":[126,151],"report,":[128,148],"an":[130],"tool":[132],"coordination,":[137],"which":[138,164,236],"fits":[139],"within":[140],"broader":[142],"set":[143],"activities.":[146],"second":[150],"series":[153],"develops":[157],"documents":[159],"roadmapping":[162,181,217,261],"process,":[163],"Sandia,":[169],"other":[170],"labs,":[172],"universities,":[173],"industry.":[175],"The":[176,259],"main":[177],"benefit":[178],"provides":[185],"information":[186],"make":[188],"better":[189],"investment":[191,223],"decisions":[192],"identifying":[194,201],"critical":[195,219],"gaps":[199],"ways":[202],"leverage":[204],"investments.":[206],"It":[207],"also":[209],"marketing":[214],"tool.":[215],"when":[220,231,247],"decision":[224],"straight":[227],"forward.":[228],"occurs":[230],"clear":[235],"alternative":[237],"pursue,":[239],"how":[240],"quickly":[241],"needed,":[245],"there":[248],"need":[251],"coordinate":[253],"development":[255,270],"multiple":[257],"technologies.":[258],"consists":[263],"three":[265],"phases":[266],"-":[267],"preliminary":[268],"activity,":[269],"roadmap,":[274],"follow-up":[276],"activity.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
