{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1606110448","doi":null,"title":"Effect of different types of mulching and herbicidal treatments on plant growth and yield in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.).","display_name":"Effect of different types of mulching and herbicidal treatments on plant growth and yield in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.).","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1606110448","mag":"1606110448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1606110448","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20013060312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764600255","display_name":"Journal of research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of research","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034520562","display_name":"I. S. Hundal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. S. Hundal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106725548","display_name":"K. S. Sandhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. S. Sandhu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109882074","display_name":"Daljeet Singh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daljeet Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062708402","display_name":"M. S. Sandha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. S. Sandha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":null,"first_page":"184","last_page":"189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.7523999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.7523999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.1753000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.01769999973475933,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomato","display_name":"tomato","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mulching","display_name":"mulching","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyethylene-mulch","display_name":"polyethylene mulch","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-polyethylene-mulch","display_name":"black polyethylene mulch","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice-straw-mulch","display_name":"rice straw mulch","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicides","display_name":"herbicides","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stomp","display_name":"STOMP","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goals","display_name":"goals","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-yield","display_name":"crop yield","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth","display_name":"plant growth","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-weight","display_name":"fruit weight","score":0.5910000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175092762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q549563","display_name":"Mulch","level":2,"score":0.8574814200401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779587293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7622360","display_name":"Straw","level":2,"score":0.7350755929946899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5451972484588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.49568068981170654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908942","display_name":"Plastic mulch","level":3,"score":0.4603734612464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.44800761342048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4458919167518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140505726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495304","display_name":"Forensic science","level":2,"score":0.44289132952690125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777680332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544652","display_name":"Lycopersicon","level":2,"score":0.4411206543445587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3582090139389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1606110448","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20013060312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764600255","display_name":"Journal of research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2228539297","https://openalex.org/W1735335564","https://openalex.org/W3130319574","https://openalex.org/W2412847241","https://openalex.org/W2783397870","https://openalex.org/W3111101854","https://openalex.org/W3081893361","https://openalex.org/W2583614953","https://openalex.org/W2082637547","https://openalex.org/W4205514313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Combination":[0],"of":[1,4,83,110],"three":[2],"types":[3],"mulches":[5],"(black,":[6],"transparent":[7,45],"polythene":[8,46,94],"and":[9,12,18,35,52,103,123,138],"rice":[10,165],"straw)":[11],"two":[13,30],"mulching":[14],"techniques":[15],"(full":[16],"plot":[17],"half":[19],"meter":[20],"wide":[21],"strip)":[22],"were":[23,85,114,131,147],"applied":[24],"alone":[25],"or":[26],"in":[27,70],"combination":[28],"with":[29],"herebicides":[31],"(Stomp":[32],"0.75":[33],"kg/ha":[34],"Goal":[36,55,102,106,126,141,157],"0.12":[37],"kg/ha).":[38],"Highest":[39,76,128],"plant":[40,113],"height":[41],"was":[42,67,162],"recorded":[43,86,132,148],"under":[44,73,87,116,133,149,164],"mulch":[47,95],"full":[48,59,96],"(TPMF)":[49],"+":[50,54,89,98,101,105,118,121,125,136,140,151,156],"Stomp":[51,90,122,137,152],"TPMF":[53,88,100,124,150,155],"treatments":[56],"both":[57],"at":[58,63],"growth":[60],"asweli":[61],"as":[62,78,80],"harvesting":[64],"stage.":[65],"There":[66],"insignificant":[68],"difference":[69],"crop":[71],"stand":[72],"various":[74],"treatments.":[75,107,127,142,167],"total":[77],"well":[79],"marketable":[81],"yield":[82],"tomato":[84,145],"followed":[91,153],"by":[92,154],"black":[93],"(BPMF)":[97],"Stomp,":[99,119],"BPMF":[104,120,135,139],"Maximum":[108],"number":[109],"fruits":[111],"per":[112],"obtained":[115],"TMPF":[117],"fruit":[129],"weight":[130],"TPMF+Stomp,":[134],"Higher":[143],"early":[144],"yields":[146],"treatment.":[158],"Late":[159],"yields,":[160],"however,":[161],"higher":[163],"straw":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-02T10:15:12.560889","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}