{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1602136556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","title":"The Consumer Expenditure Function","display_name":"The Consumer Expenditure Function","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1602136556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","mag":"1602136556"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w0079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022833181","display_name":"Michael R. Darby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-2670","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-2670"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Darby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Madison Avenue New York , N.Y. 10016","National Bureau of Economic Research I","University of California , Los Angeles and","University of California, Los Angeles"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Madison Avenue New York , N.Y. 10016","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Bureau of Economic Research I","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California , Los Angeles and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022833181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853","https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"51","last_page":"80"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.701200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.701200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.15610000491142273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.05040000006556511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/durable-goods","display_name":"durable goods","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-investment","display_name":"household investment","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disposable-income","display_name":"disposable income","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-of-money","display_name":"concept of money","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-income","display_name":"permanent income","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-income","display_name":"current income","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5647521615028381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3790503740310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.32671159505844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1756148338317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.08893471956253052}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3386/w0079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberch:9106","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/chapters/c9106.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/chapters/c9106.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberwo:0079","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w0079.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w0079.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:3123062763","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://autopapers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=259390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3123513087","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/0079.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w0079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w0079","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1602136556.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1602136556.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502105183","https://openalex.org/W1515891506","https://openalex.org/W1559335293","https://openalex.org/W2045102017","https://openalex.org/W2047560619","https://openalex.org/W2078101344","https://openalex.org/W2107821139","https://openalex.org/W3001472365","https://openalex.org/W3122968064","https://openalex.org/W3206724965"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054033129","https://openalex.org/W4238476139","https://openalex.org/W2094502673","https://openalex.org/W7097187112","https://openalex.org/W2042195365","https://openalex.org/W3215728747","https://openalex.org/W1981505220","https://openalex.org/W7016770740","https://openalex.org/W7033201835","https://openalex.org/W4245645410"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Consumer":[1],"Expenditure":[2],"Function":[3],"A":[4],"consumer":[5,42,69],"expenditure":[6],"function":[7],"which":[8],"integrates":[9],"pure":[10],"consumption":[11],"and":[12,20,81,83],"household":[13],"investment":[14],"in":[15,38,90],"durable":[16,32],"goods":[17],"is":[18,60,76,94],"formulated":[19],"estimated.Because":[21],"of":[22,29,74,87],"reduced":[23],"reliance":[24],"on":[25],"the":[26,72,85],"official":[27],"classification":[28],"conmiodities":[30],"as":[31,45],"or":[33],"nondurable,":[34],"a":[35],"considerable":[36],"increase":[37],"ability":[39],"to":[40,47,79],"explain":[41],"expenditures":[43],"results":[44],"compared":[46],"multiequation":[48],"models.Further":[49],"empirical":[50],"investigation":[51],"provides":[52],"strong":[53],"evidence":[54],"that:":[55],"(1)":[56],"private":[57],"sector":[58],"income":[59,66,89],"significantly":[61],"better":[62],"than":[63],"disposable":[64],"personal":[65],"for":[67],"explaining":[68],"expenditures,":[70],"(2)":[71],"definition":[73],"money":[75],"similarly":[77],"superior":[78],"both":[80],"definitions,":[82],"(3)":[84],"weight":[86],"current":[88],"permanent":[91],"in-":[92],"come":[93],"about":[95],"10%":[96],"per":[97],"annum.Data":[98],"appendix":[99],"included.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
