{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1601924348","doi":null,"title":"Buying Voters with Dirty Money: The Relationship between Clientelism and Corruption","display_name":"Buying Voters with Dirty Money: The Relationship between Clientelism and Corruption","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1601924348","mag":"1601924348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1601924348","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1459076_code1320082.pdf?abstractid=1449001&mirid=1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1459076_code1320082.pdf?abstractid=1449001&mirid=1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085444749","display_name":"Matthew Singer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-9003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-9003"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-9003","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085444749"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10777","display_name":"Politics and Society in Latin America","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clientelism","display_name":"clientelism","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corruption","display_name":"corruption","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grand-corruption","display_name":"grand corruption","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petty-bribery","display_name":"petty bribery","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-mobilization","display_name":"political mobilization","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/campaign-finance","display_name":"campaign finance","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-government-relations","display_name":"state-business relations","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-elites","display_name":"political elites","score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democracy","display_name":"democracy","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.4560000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781035477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543464","display_name":"Clientelism","level":4,"score":0.9977869987487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.7745778560638428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6529788970947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.583938479423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5446646809577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.46641266345977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C508889258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858400","display_name":"Political corruption","level":3,"score":0.4643775522708893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3920208513736725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.38647058606147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.28006207942962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.2075802981853485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.14552590250968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14408355951309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1601924348","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1459076_code1320082.pdf?abstractid=1449001&mirid=1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:1601924348","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1459076_code1320082.pdf?abstractid=1449001&mirid=1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8198091","https://openalex.org/W118232447","https://openalex.org/W151714651","https://openalex.org/W264924255","https://openalex.org/W574732003","https://openalex.org/W609693342","https://openalex.org/W656624650","https://openalex.org/W1504157790","https://openalex.org/W1533204478","https://openalex.org/W1535643370","https://openalex.org/W1841166463","https://openalex.org/W1843855365","https://openalex.org/W1968384976","https://openalex.org/W1977989247","https://openalex.org/W1983871011","https://openalex.org/W1985356778","https://openalex.org/W2009659525","https://openalex.org/W2013041501","https://openalex.org/W2013473661","https://openalex.org/W2021551161","https://openalex.org/W2053214010","https://openalex.org/W2059218518","https://openalex.org/W2063757851","https://openalex.org/W2071312334","https://openalex.org/W2074842664","https://openalex.org/W2084588268","https://openalex.org/W2094042936","https://openalex.org/W2099205655","https://openalex.org/W2105309626","https://openalex.org/W2108739807","https://openalex.org/W2114854852","https://openalex.org/W2123587325","https://openalex.org/W2124298601","https://openalex.org/W2133369488","https://openalex.org/W2135285936","https://openalex.org/W2139896179","https://openalex.org/W2148228039","https://openalex.org/W2155881614","https://openalex.org/W2159855573","https://openalex.org/W2168060994","https://openalex.org/W2170674684","https://openalex.org/W2319130446","https://openalex.org/W2330313951","https://openalex.org/W2483146090","https://openalex.org/W2773187124","https://openalex.org/W2890314743","https://openalex.org/W3022790766","https://openalex.org/W3122328678","https://openalex.org/W3123080973","https://openalex.org/W3124007724","https://openalex.org/W3124131699","https://openalex.org/W3126044527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283789678","https://openalex.org/W2989748850","https://openalex.org/W44673764","https://openalex.org/W3115297824","https://openalex.org/W2056096237","https://openalex.org/W2783150720","https://openalex.org/W1530889300","https://openalex.org/W51269150","https://openalex.org/W7165071455","https://openalex.org/W1830107552"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"Clientelism":[1,64],"and":[2,10,52,87,116,129],"corruption":[3,72,101,128],"are":[4,28],"often":[5],"linked":[6],"by":[7,11,74,154],"conceptual":[8],"similarities":[9],"common":[12],"causes.":[13],"However,":[14,92],"there":[15],"have":[16,59,103],"been":[17],"few":[18],"cross-national":[19],"studies":[20],"of":[21,25,40,71,100,124,140],"how":[22],"these":[23],"forms":[24,139],"political":[26,50],"behaviors":[27,153],"linked.":[29],"Using":[30],"data":[31],"from":[32],"a":[33],"unique":[34],"dataset":[35],"on":[36],"the":[37,69,98,112,156],"perceived":[38],"frequency":[39,113],"clientelist":[41,56,162],"mobilization":[42],"in":[43,61,76,144],"70":[44],"democracies,":[45],"I":[46],"demonstrate":[47],"that":[48,134],"both":[49],"experts":[51],"ordinary":[53],"citizens":[54,119],"perceive":[55],"countries":[57],"to":[58,160],"difficulties":[60],"controlling":[62],"corruption.":[63],"is":[65,94],"also":[66],"associated":[67,96],"with":[68,79,97,104,111,126],"level":[70,99],"experienced":[73],"businesses":[75],"their":[77],"interactions":[78],"government":[80,114],"officials":[81,115],"who":[82],"set":[83],"policy,":[84],"distribute":[85],"contracts,":[86],"raise":[88],"funds":[89,159],"for":[90,120,150,158],"campaigns.":[91],"it":[93],"not":[95,130,135],"firms":[102],"non-political":[105],"actors":[106],"like":[107],"utilities":[108],"employees":[109],"nor":[110],"policemen":[117],"target":[118],"bribes.":[121],"The":[122],"association":[123],"clientelism":[125,141,146],"grand":[127],"petty":[131],"bribery":[132],"suggests":[133],"only":[136],"may":[137,147],"some":[138],"be":[142],"corrupt":[143,152],"themselves,":[145],"generate":[148],"incentives":[149],"other":[151],"influencing":[155],"need":[157],"maintain":[161],"machines.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}