{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1598536718","doi":null,"title":"Water and Climate","display_name":"Water and Climate","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1598536718","mag":"1598536718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1598536718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19960021253/downloads/19960021253.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000003309","display_name":"David Allan Randall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-4112","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-4112"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David A. Randall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State Univ. Fort Collins, CO United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-4112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State Univ. Fort Collins, CO United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000003309"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2891,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51829268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convective-available-potential-energy","display_name":"convective available potential energy","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cumulus-parameterization","display_name":"cumulus parameterization","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convective-regimes","display_name":"convective regimes","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-temperature-profiles","display_name":"vertical temperature profiles","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humidity-profiles","display_name":"humidity profiles","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-convection","display_name":"tropical convection","score":0.7229999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6335729956626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6130325198173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10899652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329","display_name":"Convection","level":2,"score":0.5654438138008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.5588971972465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.5300875306129456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5265947580337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61939431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129355","display_name":"Convective available potential energy","level":3,"score":0.5124600529670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.4869166612625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.46086251735687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194171494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5500209","display_name":"Free convective layer","level":3,"score":0.41958802938461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.34676462411880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.23330676555633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1653611958026886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.09925642609596252}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1598536718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19960021253/downloads/19960021253.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.821399986743927,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970023564","https://openalex.org/W2011683347","https://openalex.org/W2086044846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999943182","https://openalex.org/W1015998177","https://openalex.org/W1967640741","https://openalex.org/W2011683347","https://openalex.org/W2066788922","https://openalex.org/W2509214957","https://openalex.org/W842397292","https://openalex.org/W1987640666","https://openalex.org/W2174996794","https://openalex.org/W1625069308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19,44],"vertical":[1],"profiles":[2],"and":[3,5],"temperature":[4],"moisture":[6],"in":[7],"convective":[8,21],"regimes":[9],"were":[10,42],"investigated,":[11],"using":[12],"moist":[13],"available":[14,22],"energy":[15,24],"as":[16],"a":[17],"guide.":[18],"generalized":[20],"potential":[23],"observed":[25],"during":[26],"the":[27,58],"Global":[28],"Atmosphere":[29],"Research":[30],"Program's":[31],"Atlantic":[32],"Tropical":[33],"Experiment":[34],"(GATE)":[35],"phase":[36],"3":[37],"was":[38],"analyzed.":[39],"Ice":[40],"effects":[41],"included.":[43],"results":[45],"have":[46],"been":[47],"used":[48],"to":[49],"develop":[50],"an":[51],"improved":[52],"cumulus":[53],"parameterization.":[54],"Several":[55],"reprints":[56],"from":[57],"Journal":[59],"of":[60],"Atmospheric":[61],"Sciences":[62],"are":[63],"appended.":[64]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}