{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1597450652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","title":"Formation of the well-mixed homogeneous layer in the bottom water of the Japan Sea","display_name":"Formation of the well-mixed homogeneous layer in the bottom water of the Japan Sea","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1597450652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","mag":"1597450652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193228948","display_name":"Journal of Oceanography","issn_l":"0916-8370","issn":["0916-8370","1573-868X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Oceanography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043898844","display_name":"Takeshi Matsuno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-909X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8526-909X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285738","display_name":"Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/003kmw574","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I4405285738"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Takeshi Matsuno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-kohen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan","Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu Univ., Kasuga, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-kohen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I4405285738"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu Univ., Kasuga, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I4405285738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053943824","display_name":"Takahiro Endoh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7043-3651","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7043-3651"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahiro Endoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocean Alliance, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","The University of Tokyo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean Alliance, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044648865","display_name":"Toshiyuki Hibiya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-2093","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-2093"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshiyuki Hibiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","The University of Tokyo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090291385","display_name":"Tomoharu Senjyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1475-9782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1475-9782"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285738","display_name":"Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/003kmw574","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I4405285738"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoharu Senjyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-kohen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan","Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu Univ., Kasuga, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-kohen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I4405285738"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu Univ., Kasuga, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I4405285738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054561897","display_name":"Michio Watanabe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2563-7297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2563-7297"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315852903","display_name":"Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/059qg2m13","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315852903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261342","display_name":"Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/055ggwx94","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315852903","https://openalex.org/I4405261342"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michio Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan","Japan Agency for Marine\u2010Earth Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yokohama Institute for Earth Sciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315852903","https://openalex.org/I4405261342"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Agency for Marine\u2010Earth Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315852903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043898844"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925","https://openalex.org/I4405285738"],"apc_list":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6044,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62049802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"4","first_page":"441","last_page":"447"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine Plankton and Biogeochemistry","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-water-formation","display_name":"deep water formation","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geothermal-heating","display_name":"geothermal heating","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottom-water-warming","display_name":"bottom water warming","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence-intensity","display_name":"turbulence intensity","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure-measurement","display_name":"microstructure measurement","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-dimensional-numerical-model","display_name":"one-dimensional numerical model","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japan-basin","display_name":"Japan Basin","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocean-stratification","display_name":"ocean stratification","score":0.4350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.8097271919250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192943249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1893382","display_name":"Stratification (seeds)","level":5,"score":0.7366505861282349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6737258434295654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780275952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4949154","display_name":"Bottom water","level":2,"score":0.6176567673683167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122120755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043905","display_name":"Mixed layer","level":2,"score":0.5781023502349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33613203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468469","display_name":"Seabed","level":2,"score":0.5335391759872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5298504829406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.4778463542461395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111766609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q636340","display_name":"Geothermal gradient","level":2,"score":0.45898187160491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197751951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046363","display_name":"Surface layer","level":3,"score":0.4147736132144928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.409837931394577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.3597864806652069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.35412371158599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.34024882316589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3397566080093384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.21523424983024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.2138483226299286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.13310542702674866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08199691772460938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3527866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162267","display_name":"Dormancy","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2397491","display_name":"Seed dormancy","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-015-0303-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193228948","display_name":"Journal of Oceanography","issn_l":"0916-8370","issn":["0916-8370","1573-868X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Oceanography","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3434040979","display_name":"Accurate parameterization of turbulent mixing processes in the abyssal ocean for embedding in next-generation global overturning circulation models","funder_award_id":"24340109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4141019935","display_name":"How do near-inertial internal gravity waves propagate in the abyssal Japan Sea?","funder_award_id":"26610151","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4499572926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"15H05824","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5745374236","display_name":"Quantification of mixing hotspots in the Southern Ocean for accurate modeling of the global overturning circulation","funder_award_id":"15H02131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7232455959","display_name":"Study on deep circulation of the Japan Sea by direct measurement of deep water turbulence and chemical tracer","funder_award_id":"22340139","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8836355750","display_name":"Quantification of tidal mixing in the Indonesian Archipelago and its impact on the global climate","funder_award_id":"26257208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50171906","https://openalex.org/W1516592635","https://openalex.org/W1551858495","https://openalex.org/W1758058526","https://openalex.org/W1982050236","https://openalex.org/W1990014543","https://openalex.org/W1990357306","https://openalex.org/W2003484675","https://openalex.org/W2009487934","https://openalex.org/W2013496119","https://openalex.org/W2044357613","https://openalex.org/W2050545875","https://openalex.org/W2053654963","https://openalex.org/W2055931342","https://openalex.org/W2068204246","https://openalex.org/W2073814166","https://openalex.org/W2082046646","https://openalex.org/W2322935618","https://openalex.org/W2991415348","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6886157776","https://openalex.org/W2738799465","https://openalex.org/W4313390299","https://openalex.org/W2093250999","https://openalex.org/W2263103961","https://openalex.org/W1551858495","https://openalex.org/W1990357306","https://openalex.org/W6923331131","https://openalex.org/W2317749636","https://openalex.org/W1989515946"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}