{"id":"https://openalex.org/W15971317","doi":null,"title":"Overexpression of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor gene leads to osteoporosis in mice.","display_name":"Overexpression of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor gene leads to osteoporosis in mice.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W15971317","mag":"15971317","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8606492"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8606492","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8606492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"T Takahashi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141882310","display_name":"Sapporo Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01h7cca57","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141882310"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141882310"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059943171","display_name":"Takehiko Wada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-2656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-2656","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-4918"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Wada","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M Mori","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Mori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108772706","display_name":"Y Kokai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y Kokai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S Ishii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Ishii","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7938,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84863145,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"4","first_page":"827","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11219","display_name":"Bone Metabolism and Diseases","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11219","display_name":"Bone Metabolism and Diseases","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11221","display_name":"Bone health and treatments","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor","display_name":"granulocyte colony-stimulating factor","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporosis","display_name":"osteoporosis","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transgenic-mice","display_name":"transgenic mice","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-resorption","display_name":"bone resorption","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoclasts","display_name":"osteoclasts","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-homeostasis","display_name":"bone homeostasis","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-thinning","display_name":"cortical thinning","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trabecular-bone","display_name":"trabecular bone","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-marrow-cavity","display_name":"bone marrow cavity","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteocalcin","display_name":"osteocalcin","score":0.921999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780007613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546523","display_name":"Bone marrow","level":2,"score":0.6770174503326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C673006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941581","display_name":"Bone resorption","level":2,"score":0.6251207590103149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.6234005689620972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141035611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532934","display_name":"Genetically modified mouse","level":4,"score":0.6054642200469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5949953198432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776541429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328","display_name":"Osteoporosis","level":2,"score":0.5731675028800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419327","display_name":"Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor","level":3,"score":0.5640954375267029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102230213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430117","display_name":"Transgene","level":3,"score":0.5257071852684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777983669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223143","display_name":"Granulocyte","level":2,"score":0.5168200135231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781451080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265868","display_name":"Cortical bone","level":2,"score":0.5043545961380005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131075544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415863","display_name":"Osteocalcin","level":4,"score":0.501863956451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.45252859592437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160160445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24769688","display_name":"Alkaline phosphatase","level":3,"score":0.44485563039779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146562846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96649518","display_name":"Resorption","level":2,"score":0.4115840494632721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.34609097242355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25729644298553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.15399828553199768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.06445971131324768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008811","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred DBA","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008822","descriptor_name":"Mice, Transgenic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010024","descriptor_name":"Osteoporosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015850","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-6","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016179","descriptor_name":"Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016179","descriptor_name":"Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8606492","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8606492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:15971317","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8606492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9476000070571899}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045475128","https://openalex.org/W2073929484","https://openalex.org/W2339531660","https://openalex.org/W2232133526","https://openalex.org/W2056072736","https://openalex.org/W2000605416","https://openalex.org/W3187587790","https://openalex.org/W1978444530","https://openalex.org/W1988006293","https://openalex.org/W2337966329"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"granulocyte":[1],"colony-stimulating":[2],"factor":[3],"(G-CSF)":[4],"was":[5,222],"originally":[6],"isolated":[7],"as":[8,103,145,147],"an":[9,68,157],"activity":[10],"for":[11],"the":[12,42,53,78,92,187,198,218],"growth":[13],"and":[14,88,95,125,132,137,174,205,213],"differentiation":[15],"of":[16,36,44,56,80,91,134,160,170,238],"cells":[17,37,48],"in":[18,49,75,107,121,142,148,167,186,197,225,252],"granulocytic":[19],"lineage,":[20],"it":[21],"has":[22],"been":[23],"gradually":[24],"accepted":[25],"that":[26,59,231],"G-CSF":[27,45,66,243],"may":[28],"have":[29,245],"a":[30,33,129,246],"function":[31,43],"on":[32,46,249],"wide":[34],"variety":[35],"besides":[38],"granulocytes.":[39],"To":[40],"elucidate":[41],"bone":[47,54,93,118,153,178,201,250],"vivo,":[50],"we":[51],"examined":[52,102],"tissue":[55,94],"transgenic":[57,188,226,233],"mice":[58,63,204,234],"overexpress":[60],"G-CSF.":[61],"Transgenic":[62,203],"express":[64],"human":[65],"at":[67],"elevated":[69],"level":[70,221],"(1041":[71],"+/-":[72],"242":[73],"pg/ml":[74],"sera)":[76],"under":[77],"direction":[79],"SRalpha":[81],"promoter.":[82],"We":[83],"performed":[84],"radiographic,":[85],"routine":[86],"histologic,":[87],"histomorphometric":[89],"analyses":[90],"serum":[96,210,219],"biochemical":[97],"assay.":[98],"Nontransgenic":[99],"littermates":[100],"were":[101,140,180,195],"age-matched,":[104],"wild-type":[105],"controls":[106,207],"all":[108],"experiments.":[109],"Radiographic":[110],"analysis":[111],"revealed":[112],"cortical":[113,138],"thinning":[114,139],"accompanied":[115],"by":[116],"enlarged":[117,152],"marrow":[119,154],"cavities":[120,155],"both":[122],"vertebral":[123],"bodies":[124],"long":[126],"bones.":[127],"Histologically,":[128],"decreased":[130],"number":[131,159],"thickness":[133],"trabecular":[135],"bones":[136],"observed":[141],"lumber":[143],"vertebrae":[144],"well":[146],"femur":[149],"specimens.":[150],"The":[151,172],"exhibited":[156],"increased":[158,185,239],"mature":[161],"neutrophilic":[162],"granulocytes":[163],"without":[164],"apparent":[165],"changes":[166],"other":[168],"types":[169],"cells.":[171],"static":[173],"dynamic":[175],"parameters":[176,199],"reflecting":[177,200],"resorption":[179],"found":[181],"to":[182],"be":[183],"significantly":[184,223],"mice.":[189,227],"By":[190],"contrast,":[191],"no":[192],"significant":[193],"differences":[194],"detected":[196],"formation.":[202],"littermate":[206],"had":[208],"similar":[209],"calcium,":[211],"phosphorous,":[212],"alkaline":[214],"phosphatase":[215],"levels.":[216],"However,":[217],"osteocalcin":[220],"higher":[224],"These":[228],"findings":[229],"indicate":[230],"G-CSF-expressing":[232],"developed":[235],"osteoporosis":[236],"because":[237],"osteoclastic":[240],"activity.":[241],"Collectively,":[242],"could":[244],"negative":[247],"influence":[248],"homeostasis":[251],"vivo.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}