{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1597075672","doi":null,"title":"Why Are There Returns to Schooling","display_name":"Why Are There Returns to Schooling","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1597075672","mag":"1597075672"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1597075672","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/a/aea/aecrev/v85y1995i2p153-58.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23254222","display_name":"American Economic Review","issn_l":"0002-8282","issn":["0002-8282","1944-7981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315912","host_organization_name":"American Economic Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Economic Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"American Economic Review","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033808702","display_name":"Mark Richard Rosenzweig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6323-1418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6323-1418"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark R. Rosenzweig","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6323-1418","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033808702"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.1648,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":246,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.992144,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"85","issue":"2","first_page":"153","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.049300000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.03519999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/returns-to-education","display_name":"returns to education","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings","display_name":"earnings","score":0.5630000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.827994704246521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.3508947491645813}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1597075672","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/a/aea/aecrev/v85y1995i2p153-58.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23254222","display_name":"American Economic Review","issn_l":"0002-8282","issn":["0002-8282","1944-7981"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315912","host_organization_name":"American Economic Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Economic Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"American Economic Review","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:aea:aecrev:v:85:y:1995:i:2:p:153-58","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-8282%28199505%2985%3A2%3C153%3AWATRTS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D&origin=repec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564007192","https://openalex.org/W1573915007","https://openalex.org/W1608267444","https://openalex.org/W2016311309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W115851378","https://openalex.org/W7034711334","https://openalex.org/W2016422302","https://openalex.org/W1591450614","https://openalex.org/W2204657614","https://openalex.org/W1972394291","https://openalex.org/W2912705777","https://openalex.org/W2125448493","https://openalex.org/W7097441401","https://openalex.org/W1548813748"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}