{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1596738320","doi":null,"title":"An Exploration of a Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa","display_name":"An Exploration of a Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1596738320","mag":"1596738320"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1596738320","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/110140/2/ae689e00.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082586565","display_name":"Keijiro Otsuka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7463-8355","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7463-8355"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116292333","display_name":"National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03gz5xp73","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116292333"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keijiro Otsuka","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7463-8355","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116292333"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061774154","display_name":"KALIAPPA P. KALIRAJAN","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-3384","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-3384"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116292333","display_name":"National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03gz5xp73","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116292333"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaliappa Kalirajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-3384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116292333"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116292333"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95561839,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.7207000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.7207000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13678","display_name":"Agricultural Research and Practices","score":0.11550000309944153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11862","display_name":"Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development","score":0.029500000178813934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-revolution","display_name":"Green Revolution","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-security","display_name":"food security","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-yielding-varieties","display_name":"high-yielding varieties","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice","display_name":"rice","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat","display_name":"wheat","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-shortages","display_name":"food shortages","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-growth","display_name":"population growth","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-technology-transfer","display_name":"agricultural technology transfer","score":0.5249999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112939947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186050","display_name":"Green Revolution","level":3,"score":0.6963200569152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C549605437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229911","display_name":"Food security","level":3,"score":0.6542991399765015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.6370060443878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.538673460483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5277745723724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.495008647441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77352025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386191","display_name":"Population growth","level":3,"score":0.48723164200782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.46455949544906616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543383583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11188","display_name":"World population","level":3,"score":0.44299155473709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88199923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627371","display_name":"Food processing","level":2,"score":0.42793431878089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3336881399154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2556470036506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.25383734703063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23087945580482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.1864943504333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1596738320","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/110140/2/ae689e00.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W596607116","https://openalex.org/W1484046176","https://openalex.org/W1495407666","https://openalex.org/W2027039264"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2742439215","https://openalex.org/W1966244608","https://openalex.org/W2908224675","https://openalex.org/W7017176674","https://openalex.org/W1604107006","https://openalex.org/W1485092191","https://openalex.org/W2741648587","https://openalex.org/W2280040553","https://openalex.org/W2202018814","https://openalex.org/W205786591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"population":[1],"still":[2],"continues":[3],"to":[4,20,60,71,130,134,155,197,211,214,234],"grow":[5,131],"rapidly":[6],"in":[7,41,62,73,76,89,100,115,119,127,161,167,254],"Sub-Sahara":[8,101],"Africa,":[9,102],"the":[10,21,28,52,77,97,116,120,135,151,164,174,182,199,221,225,235],"expansion":[11],"of":[12,24,30,35,139,158,207,224,248,256],"cultivation":[13],"area":[14],"has":[15,37,48],"slowed":[16],"down":[17],"considerably":[18],"due":[19,133],"increasing":[22],"scarcity":[23],"uncultivated":[25],"land.":[26],"Since":[27],"yield":[29],"food":[31,44,56,177,209],"grain":[32,159,165],"per":[33,46,67,175],"unit":[34],"land":[36],"remained":[38],"largely":[39],"unchanged":[40],"this":[42,215],"region,":[43],"production":[45,66,166,178],"capita":[47,68,176],"declined":[49],"and":[50,79,110,124,137,144,173,251],"if":[51],"current":[53,98],"trend":[54],"continues,":[55],"shortages":[57,210],"are":[58],"likely":[59],"arise":[61],"near":[63],"future.":[64],"Food":[65,227],"also":[69],"tended":[70],"decline":[72],"tropical":[74,168],"Asia":[75,90,128,169,205],"1950s":[78],"early":[80],"1960s.":[81],"The":[82],"pessimistic":[83],"prospect":[84],"for":[85],"future":[86],"food-population":[87],"balance":[88],"then":[91],"was":[92],"not":[93],"too":[94],"different":[95],"from":[96],"situation":[99],"even":[103],"though":[104],"social":[105],"infrastructures,":[106],"including":[107],"irrigation":[108],"facilities":[109],"roads,":[111],"were":[112,253],"better":[113],"developed":[114],"former":[117],"than":[118,171],"latter.":[121],"Subsequently,":[122],"rice":[123,143],"wheat":[125,145],"yields":[126,160],"began":[129],"dramatically":[132],"development":[136],"adoption":[138],"fertilizer-responsive,":[140],"high-yielding":[141],"modern":[142],"varieties,":[146],"which":[147],"is":[148,195,217],"heralded":[149],"as":[150],"Green":[152,200],"Revolution.":[153],"Owing":[154],"sustained":[156],"improvements":[157],"subsequent":[162],"decades,":[163],"more":[170],"doubled":[172],"significantly":[179],"increased":[180],"over":[181],"last":[183],"few":[184],"decades.":[185],"This":[186],"Asia-Africa":[187],"comparison":[188],"raises":[189],"an":[190],"important":[191],"question:":[192],"Whether":[193],"it":[194],"possible":[196],"transfer":[198],"Revolution":[201],"(GR)":[202],"that":[203,243],"lifted":[204],"out":[206],"massive":[208],"Africa?":[212],"Answer":[213],"question":[216],"vital":[218],"because":[219],"recently,":[220],"executive":[222],"director":[223],"World":[226],"Program,":[228],"James":[229],"Morris,":[230],"made":[231],"a":[232],"statement":[233],"UN":[236],"Security":[237],"Council":[238],"on":[239],"April":[240],"8,":[241],"2003":[242],"40":[244],"million":[245],"Africans,":[246],"most":[247],"them":[249],"women":[250],"children,":[252],"danger":[255],"starvation.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}