{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1596594485","doi":null,"title":"The Scottish cardiovascular disease policy model","display_name":"The Scottish cardiovascular disease policy model","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1596594485","mag":"1596594485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:theses.gla.ac.uk:4695","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","pdf_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401724","display_name":"Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","host_organization_name":"University of Glasgow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007259942","display_name":"Kenneth Daniel Lawson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Daniel Lawson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007259942"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14212","display_name":"Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14212","display_name":"Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.05119999870657921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12935","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Public Health","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease","display_name":"cardiovascular disease","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-prevention","display_name":"primary prevention","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness","display_name":"cost-effectiveness","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-expectancy","display_name":"life expectancy","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-adjusted-life-expectancy","display_name":"quality-adjusted life expectancy","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization-costs","display_name":"hospital costs","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-screening","display_name":"cardiovascular screening","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/targeted-interventions","display_name":"targeted interventions","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-resource-allocation","display_name":"healthcare resource allocation","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scotland","display_name":"Scotland","score":0.859000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133925201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188419","display_name":"Life expectancy","level":3,"score":0.8241705894470215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6469962000846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5115121603012085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778149918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3291156","display_name":"Population health","level":3,"score":0.48036035895347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019080777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754768","display_name":"Cost effectiveness","level":2,"score":0.47493866086006165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64332521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614165","display_name":"Quality-adjusted life year","level":3,"score":0.45597752928733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.44597744941711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321703","display_name":"Premise","level":2,"score":0.44326549768447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.43195343017578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4243015646934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3707645535469055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2793607711791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24735358357429504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.13268685340881348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:theses.gla.ac.uk:4695","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","pdf_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401724","display_name":"Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","host_organization_name":"University of Glasgow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:1596594485","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:theses.gla.ac.uk:4695","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","pdf_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/4695/1/2013lawsonphd.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401724","display_name":"Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","host_organization_name":"University of Glasgow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1596594485.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1596594485.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":237,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26032174","https://openalex.org/W27107732","https://openalex.org/W35152798","https://openalex.org/W58672297","https://openalex.org/W68498461","https://openalex.org/W85469694","https://openalex.org/W104232364","https://openalex.org/W137884899","https://openalex.org/W147879900","https://openalex.org/W161261997","https://openalex.org/W169672628","https://openalex.org/W197402492","https://openalex.org/W206570387","https://openalex.org/W260276417","https://openalex.org/W989426301","https://openalex.org/W1490312043","https://openalex.org/W1493322556","https://openalex.org/W1504480307","https://openalex.org/W1507632382","https://openalex.org/W1509359037","https://openalex.org/W1509872532","https://openalex.org/W1514327764","https://openalex.org/W1522680261","https://openalex.org/W1522873721","https://openalex.org/W1534504252","https://openalex.org/W1561655718","https://openalex.org/W1578580470","https://openalex.org/W1600043761","https://openalex.org/W1607613851","https://openalex.org/W1634493039","https://openalex.org/W1646645101","https://openalex.org/W1779740049","https://openalex.org/W1807177598","https://openalex.org/W1810964460","https://openalex.org/W1816597323","https://openalex.org/W1851700453","https://openalex.org/W1864331290","https://openalex.org/W1893247937","https://openalex.org/W1907953089","https://openalex.org/W1910386150","https://openalex.org/W1963936146","https://openalex.org/W1964658802","https://openalex.org/W1965742808","https://openalex.org/W1967805321","https://openalex.org/W1968506575","https://openalex.org/W1970909553","https://openalex.org/W1971191894","https://openalex.org/W1971333719","https://openalex.org/W1971574914","https://openalex.org/W1971674911","https://openalex.org/W1973090847","https://openalex.org/W1974867766","https://openalex.org/W1974882067","https://openalex.org/W1975914460","https://openalex.org/W1976264665","https://openalex.org/W1982942853","https://openalex.org/W1983106429","https://openalex.org/W1983833132","https://openalex.org/W1986758622","https://openalex.org/W1986888395","https://openalex.org/W1991584284","https://openalex.org/W1992962112","https://openalex.org/W1993128357","https://openalex.org/W1994250733","https://openalex.org/W1999489216","https://openalex.org/W2000836282","https://openalex.org/W2004076626","https://openalex.org/W2004739806","https://openalex.org/W2007090126","https://openalex.org/W2007463346","https://openalex.org/W2008758052","https://openalex.org/W2009642737","https://openalex.org/W2010702903","https://openalex.org/W2013329800","https://openalex.org/W2013489663","https://openalex.org/W2015323587","https://openalex.org/W2019129100","https://openalex.org/W2020033338","https://openalex.org/W2022433742","https://openalex.org/W2023042951","https://openalex.org/W2023072958","https://openalex.org/W2023556159","https://openalex.org/W2025095072","https://openalex.org/W2025533609","https://openalex.org/W2026002591","https://openalex.org/W2026391337","https://openalex.org/W2027247194","https://openalex.org/W2028835416","https://openalex.org/W2029030193","https://openalex.org/W2031968478","https://openalex.org/W2033810644","https://openalex.org/W2037228432","https://openalex.org/W2038005906","https://openalex.org/W2038415904","https://openalex.org/W2039202884","https://openalex.org/W2041830601","https://openalex.org/W2043627878","https://openalex.org/W2043783351","https://openalex.org/W2044143694","https://openalex.org/W2044264099","https://openalex.org/W2049090644","https://openalex.org/W2049977108","https://openalex.org/W2051512233","https://openalex.org/W2054405610","https://openalex.org/W2056760085","https://openalex.org/W2057847137","https://openalex.org/W2060320897","https://openalex.org/W2060513754","https://openalex.org/W2061550204","https://openalex.org/W2065677277","https://openalex.org/W2065772465","https://openalex.org/W2071870246","https://openalex.org/W2074703669","https://openalex.org/W2075431400","https://openalex.org/W2076003266","https://openalex.org/W2076097741","https://openalex.org/W2077354540","https://openalex.org/W2078108790","https://openalex.org/W2079610683","https://openalex.org/W2081557449","https://openalex.org/W2081900104","https://openalex.org/W2087137161","https://openalex.org/W2089996629","https://openalex.org/W2090385390","https://openalex.org/W2091907600","https://openalex.org/W2092052931","https://openalex.org/W2093380756","https://openalex.org/W2096293007","https://openalex.org/W2097406024","https://openalex.org/W2099087315","https://openalex.org/W2099828406","https://openalex.org/W2100555280","https://openalex.org/W2103743809","https://openalex.org/W2103744582","https://openalex.org/W2104054295","https://openalex.org/W2104304109","https://openalex.org/W2104471448","https://openalex.org/W2106795926","https://openalex.org/W2107074082","https://openalex.org/W2107165713","https://openalex.org/W2107405926","https://openalex.org/W2107898986","https://openalex.org/W2107999364","https://openalex.org/W2108479359","https://openalex.org/W2108634795","https://openalex.org/W2110682994","https://openalex.org/W2110725111","https://openalex.org/W2113559481","https://openalex.org/W2117855475","https://openalex.org/W2118282347","https://openalex.org/W2118361800","https://openalex.org/W2118397580","https://openalex.org/W2122902841","https://openalex.org/W2124070640","https://openalex.org/W2124240096","https://openalex.org/W2124989853","https://openalex.org/W2125178820","https://openalex.org/W2126477578","https://openalex.org/W2126648098","https://openalex.org/W2126874967","https://openalex.org/W2127960841","https://openalex.org/W2129454154","https://openalex.org/W2129925362","https://openalex.org/W2130549133","https://openalex.org/W2131553265","https://openalex.org/W2131661712","https://openalex.org/W2131686263","https://openalex.org/W2131717666","https://openalex.org/W2132708603","https://openalex.org/W2134023402","https://openalex.org/W2135466535","https://openalex.org/W2136344990","https://openalex.org/W2138501664","https://openalex.org/W2139786027","https://openalex.org/W2140421779","https://openalex.org/W2142225862","https://openalex.org/W2142704172","https://openalex.org/W2145371590","https://openalex.org/W2146172573","https://openalex.org/W2147667766","https://openalex.org/W2148092884","https://openalex.org/W2148370712","https://openalex.org/W2148590446","https://openalex.org/W2148769995","https://openalex.org/W2148989961","https://openalex.org/W2150106013","https://openalex.org/W2150278133","https://openalex.org/W2150712216","https://openalex.org/W2151471101","https://openalex.org/W2153871458","https://openalex.org/W2155090385","https://openalex.org/W2155121555","https://openalex.org/W2155506986","https://openalex.org/W2155762971","https://openalex.org/W2155993373","https://openalex.org/W2156914368","https://openalex.org/W2156981810","https://openalex.org/W2156992711","https://openalex.org/W2157590806","https://openalex.org/W2157995113","https://openalex.org/W2158409019","https://openalex.org/W2159444345","https://openalex.org/W2161771386","https://openalex.org/W2163207768","https://openalex.org/W2163407528","https://openalex.org/W2167869502","https://openalex.org/W2167981439","https://openalex.org/W2168747536","https://openalex.org/W2168991419","https://openalex.org/W2169323535","https://openalex.org/W2169797200","https://openalex.org/W2171026726","https://openalex.org/W2171562562","https://openalex.org/W2172034545","https://openalex.org/W2172702092","https://openalex.org/W2188950424","https://openalex.org/W2238448948","https://openalex.org/W2292757055","https://openalex.org/W2323596874","https://openalex.org/W2325731445","https://openalex.org/W2395874043","https://openalex.org/W2404914296","https://openalex.org/W2418528801","https://openalex.org/W2419803631","https://openalex.org/W2465492485","https://openalex.org/W2491519456","https://openalex.org/W2525454376","https://openalex.org/W2595923956","https://openalex.org/W2777597942","https://openalex.org/W2808695572","https://openalex.org/W2913915285","https://openalex.org/W3021659692","https://openalex.org/W3021842026","https://openalex.org/W3139939935","https://openalex.org/W3146346847","https://openalex.org/W4241880971","https://openalex.org/W4253094109"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2343153284","https://openalex.org/W2116096158","https://openalex.org/W1661061496","https://openalex.org/W4312046080","https://openalex.org/W2208699478","https://openalex.org/W2315540858","https://openalex.org/W4401170705","https://openalex.org/W2253494942","https://openalex.org/W3007740346","https://openalex.org/W7027924897"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,210,255],"thesis":[1,145],"is":[2,50,66,134,146,273,302],"concerned":[3],"with":[4,369],"economic":[5,23],"evaluation":[6],"in":[7,185,193,196,232,237,357,379],"the":[8,20,33,97,111,131,148,154,178,186,217,223,277,298,330,341,355],"primary":[9,36,61,151,316,362],"prevention":[10,37,62,152,363],"of":[11,25,53,80,99,143,150,156,220,239,264,271,332,343,384],"cardiovascular":[12],"disease.":[13],"Policymakers":[14],"are":[15,104,123,153],"increasingly":[16],"focussed":[17,85],"on":[18,96,225,329,350],"reducing":[19],"health":[21,30,163,226,372],"and":[22,27,55,109,120,160,206,222,244,266,307,338,347],"burden":[24],"CVD":[26,82,172,299],"to":[28,35,46,74,161,167,198,215,252,275,279,292,304,309,315,319,339,365],"reduce":[29],"inequalities.":[31,227],"However,":[32],"approach":[34,258,314],"suffers":[38],"from":[39,116,371],"fundamental":[40],"weaknesses":[41],"that":[42,147],"this":[43,144],"research":[44],"intends":[45],"help":[47],"address.":[48],"There":[49],"general":[51],"lack":[52],"effectiveness":[54,57,219],"cost":[56,90,218],"evidence":[58],"underpinning":[59],"current":[60],"interventions.":[63],"First,":[64],"there":[65],"a":[67,168,233,261,268,311,351,380],"policy":[68],"impetus":[69],"towards":[70],"mass":[71],"screening":[72,323],"strategies":[73],"target":[75],"individuals":[76,95,326],"at":[77,287],"high":[78],"risk":[79,101,181,189,289],"developing":[81],"when":[83],"more":[84,89,312,321,367,381],"approaches":[86,364],"may":[87,360,377],"be":[88,213,366],"effective.":[91],"Second,":[92],"clinicians":[93,306],"prioritise":[94,325],"basis":[98,331],"10-year":[100,188],"scores,":[102],"which":[103,376],"strongly":[105],"driven":[106],"by":[107],"age,":[108],"not":[110],"potential":[112,333],"benefits":[113],"(or":[114],"costs)":[115],"treatment.":[117],"Third,":[118],"targeted":[119,346],"population":[121,348],"interventions":[122,221,285,349],"often":[124],"still":[125],"treated":[126],"as":[127,183],"competing":[128],"approaches,":[129],"whereas":[130],"key":[132,141],"issue":[133],"how":[135],"they":[136],"might":[137],"best":[138],"combine.":[139],"The":[140,228],"premise":[142],"aims":[149],"avoidance":[155],"premature":[157],"morbidity,":[158],"mortality":[159],"close":[162],"inequalities":[164],"-":[165],"subject":[166],"budget":[169],"constraint.":[170],"A":[171],"Policy":[173,300],"Model":[174,301],"was":[175],"created":[176],"using":[177,260],"same":[179],"nine":[180],"factors":[182,290],"used":[184,192],"ASSIGN":[187],"score,":[190],"currently":[191],"clinical":[194],"practice":[195],"Scotland,":[197],"estimate":[199,216],"life":[200,204],"expectancy,":[201],"quality":[202],"adjusted":[203],"expectancy":[205,248],"lifetime":[207],"hospital":[208],"costs.":[209],"model":[211,229,356],"can":[212],"employed":[214],"impact":[224,342],"performed":[230],"well":[231],"comprehensive":[234],"validation":[235],"process":[236],"terms":[238],"face":[240],"validity,":[241,243],"internal":[242],"external":[245],"validity.":[246],"Life":[247],"predictions":[249],"were":[250],"re-calibrated":[251],"contemporary":[253],"lifetables.":[254],"generic":[256],"modelling":[257],"(i.e.":[259],"wide":[262,269],"range":[263,270],"inputs":[265],"producing":[267],"outputs)":[272],"intended":[274,303],"avoid":[276],"need":[278],"build":[280],"bespoke":[281],"models":[282],"for":[283,327],"different":[284],"aimed":[286],"particular":[288,294],"or":[291],"produce":[293],"outputs.":[295],"In":[296],"application,":[297],"assist":[305],"policymakers":[308],"develop":[310],"coherent":[313],"prevention,":[317],"namely:":[318],"design":[320],"efficient":[322,382],"strategies;":[324],"intervention":[328],"benefit":[334],"(rather":[335],"than":[336],"risk);":[337],"assess":[340],"both":[344],"individually":[345],"consistent":[352,368],"basis.":[353],"Using":[354],"these":[358],"ways":[359],"enable":[361],"guidelines":[370],"sector":[373],"reimbursement":[374],"agencies,":[375],"result":[378],"use":[383],"scarce":[385],"resources.":[386]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}