{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1595500746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","title":"The Radical Middle: Nativism without Universal Grammar","display_name":"The Radical Middle: Nativism without Universal Grammar","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1595500746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","mag":"1595500746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition","raw_type":"other"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4302062653","display_name":"The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition"},"type":"other","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111373556","display_name":"William D. O'Grady","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William O'Grady","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111373556"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"43","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.4587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.4587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.1736000031232834,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10258","display_name":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","score":0.1680999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-grammar","display_name":"universal grammar","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-acquisition","display_name":"language acquisition","score":0.6019999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67463919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q392512","display_name":"Psychological nativism","level":3,"score":0.9945560097694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.6492081880569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5455074906349182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41908296942710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777762164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728252","display_name":"Universal grammar","level":3,"score":0.4161595106124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.2680831551551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.24645259976387024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.071755051612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470756492.ch3","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6800000071525574}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20432641","https://openalex.org/W196354989","https://openalex.org/W210103775","https://openalex.org/W353959103","https://openalex.org/W620225017","https://openalex.org/W621803996","https://openalex.org/W657100418","https://openalex.org/W1558634504","https://openalex.org/W1570202701","https://openalex.org/W1968052763","https://openalex.org/W1974052916","https://openalex.org/W1979282139","https://openalex.org/W1981724541","https://openalex.org/W1982939458","https://openalex.org/W1986776570","https://openalex.org/W1989850049","https://openalex.org/W2008298116","https://openalex.org/W2031762086","https://openalex.org/W2034658764","https://openalex.org/W2037619506","https://openalex.org/W2044647316","https://openalex.org/W2045490466","https://openalex.org/W2047317708","https://openalex.org/W2049828326","https://openalex.org/W2051880027","https://openalex.org/W2071641904","https://openalex.org/W2072759860","https://openalex.org/W2075913176","https://openalex.org/W2082221604","https://openalex.org/W2083853430","https://openalex.org/W2088793868","https://openalex.org/W2104565566","https://openalex.org/W2110176263","https://openalex.org/W2116786397","https://openalex.org/W2119624969","https://openalex.org/W2132510129","https://openalex.org/W2136816691","https://openalex.org/W2140568317","https://openalex.org/W2147765643","https://openalex.org/W2150602949","https://openalex.org/W2151834591","https://openalex.org/W2152349170","https://openalex.org/W2153590473","https://openalex.org/W2154297813","https://openalex.org/W2156989642","https://openalex.org/W2171415365","https://openalex.org/W2317362741","https://openalex.org/W2318067340","https://openalex.org/W2328614391","https://openalex.org/W2476433016","https://openalex.org/W2792771072","https://openalex.org/W2945365815","https://openalex.org/W4231059835","https://openalex.org/W4232428815","https://openalex.org/W4232516125","https://openalex.org/W4232693094","https://openalex.org/W4247162687","https://openalex.org/W4250044480","https://openalex.org/W4293311427","https://openalex.org/W4300920224","https://openalex.org/W4389013114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100998186","https://openalex.org/W1480137270","https://openalex.org/W1979282139","https://openalex.org/W2791816157","https://openalex.org/W4415606326","https://openalex.org/W4236997626","https://openalex.org/W4245188163","https://openalex.org/W2352963095","https://openalex.org/W4415606317","https://openalex.org/W2503364991"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"chapter":[1],"contains":[2],"sections":[3],"titled:":[4],"Introduction":[5],"Defining":[6],"General":[7,10,18],"Nativism":[8,19],"A":[9],"Nativist":[11],"Theory":[12],"of":[13,17],"Representations":[14],"The":[15],"Advantages":[16],"Conclusion":[20]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}