{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1595046866","doi":null,"title":"Respiratory muscle training improves swimming endurance at depth.","display_name":"Respiratory muscle training improves swimming endurance at depth.","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1595046866","mag":"1595046866","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18619114"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:18619114","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18619114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102845386","display_name":"Andrew D. Ray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4571-7027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4571-7027"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A D Ray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111933922","display_name":"D. R. Pendergast","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D R Pendergast","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109093875","display_name":"C E Lundgren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C E G Lundgren","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3386,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77350644,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"3","first_page":"185","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.5800999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.5800999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.3917999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11579","display_name":"Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-muscle-training","display_name":"respiratory muscle training","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swimming-endurance","display_name":"swimming endurance","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diving","display_name":"diving","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth","display_name":"depth","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-inspiratory-pressure","display_name":"maximal inspiratory pressure","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-expiratory-pressure","display_name":"maximal expiratory pressure","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-muscle-fatigue","display_name":"respiratory muscle fatigue","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ventilation","display_name":"ventilation","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-rate","display_name":"respiratory rate","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-exhaustion","display_name":"time to exhaustion","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-of-breathing","display_name":"work of breathing","score":0.7210000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.728249192237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6318581104278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200457457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584049","display_name":"Ventilation (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.6032814979553223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3557034134864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.35144975781440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.26891347765922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001945","descriptor_name":"Breathing Exercises","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002245","descriptor_name":"Carbon Dioxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004242","descriptor_name":"Diving","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010101","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Consumption","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010807","descriptor_name":"Physical Endurance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012129","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Function Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012132","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Muscles","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013550","descriptor_name":"Swimming","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018763","descriptor_name":"Muscle Fatigue","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:18619114","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18619114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:1595046866","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18619114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W69521312","https://openalex.org/W1809214745","https://openalex.org/W1840510222","https://openalex.org/W1996854592","https://openalex.org/W2007885005","https://openalex.org/W2014353476","https://openalex.org/W2024823266","https://openalex.org/W2038298069","https://openalex.org/W2039584297","https://openalex.org/W2042022252","https://openalex.org/W2081133086","https://openalex.org/W2092368368","https://openalex.org/W2099373363","https://openalex.org/W2103600651","https://openalex.org/W2108501683","https://openalex.org/W2114830913","https://openalex.org/W2119426846","https://openalex.org/W2125227619","https://openalex.org/W2135051839","https://openalex.org/W2142973698","https://openalex.org/W2145705725","https://openalex.org/W2146793232","https://openalex.org/W2150965621","https://openalex.org/W2165951223","https://openalex.org/W2177920344","https://openalex.org/W2181094904","https://openalex.org/W2183057763","https://openalex.org/W2207767290","https://openalex.org/W2267004240","https://openalex.org/W2275172752","https://openalex.org/W2281869943","https://openalex.org/W2315192367","https://openalex.org/W2336865344","https://openalex.org/W2417973599","https://openalex.org/W2418360113"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095031501","https://openalex.org/W2038298069","https://openalex.org/W2148639874","https://openalex.org/W2080696061","https://openalex.org/W1965987147","https://openalex.org/W2084449738","https://openalex.org/W2414886347","https://openalex.org/W2100616901","https://openalex.org/W2294344380","https://openalex.org/W4398053919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Respiratory":[0],"muscle":[1,51,104,193],"training":[2,52],"(RMT)":[3],"has":[4,34],"been":[5,36],"shown":[6],"to":[7,44,153,171],"improve":[8],"divers":[9],"swimming":[10,58,169,196],"endurance":[11,59,197],"at":[12,20,60,134,198,203],"4":[13,83],"feet":[14,62],"of":[15,29,40,48,63,102],"depth;":[16],"however,":[17],"its":[18],"effectiveness":[19],"greater":[21],"depths,":[22],"where":[23],"gas":[24],"density":[25],"and":[26,57,86,108,114,120,206],"the":[27,46,117,131,139,204],"work":[28],"breathing":[30,156],"are":[31],"substantially":[32],"elevated":[33],"not":[35],"studied.":[37],"The":[38,148,160],"purpose":[39],"this":[41],"study":[42],"was":[43,127,151],"examine":[45],"effects":[47],"resistance":[49],"respiratory":[50,55,103,140,192],"(RRMT)":[53],"on":[54],"function":[56],"55":[61],"depth":[64,199],"(270.5":[65],"kPa).":[66],"Nine":[67],"male":[68],"subjects":[69,89],"(25.9":[70],"+/-":[71,176,180],"6.8":[72],"years)":[73],"performed":[74],"RRMT":[75,164,207],"for":[76,82],"30":[77],"min/day,":[78],"5":[79],"d/":[80],"wk,":[81],"wks.":[84],"Pre-":[85],"Post":[87],"RRMT,":[88],"swam":[90],"against":[91],"a":[92,154],"pre-determined":[93],"load":[94],"(70%":[95],"VO2":[96],"max)":[97],"until":[98],"exhausted.":[99],"As":[100],"indices":[101],"strength,":[105],"maximal":[106],"inspiratory":[107],"expiratory":[109],"pressures":[110],"were":[111,142],"measured":[112],"before":[113],"immediately":[115],"following":[116,146,158,163],"swims":[118,132],"pre-":[119,183],"post-RRMT.":[121],"These":[122,189],"measurements":[123],"showed":[124],"that":[125,138],"ventilation":[126,150],"significantly":[128,167],"lower":[129,155],"during":[130],"and,":[133],"comparable":[135],"swim":[136],"duration,":[137],"muscles":[141],"considerably":[143],"less":[144],"fatigued":[145],"RRMT.":[147,159],"reduced":[149],"due":[152],"frequency":[157],"ventilatory":[161],"changes":[162],"coincided":[165],"with":[166],"increased":[168],"time":[170],"exhaustion":[172],"(approximately":[173],"60%,":[174],"31.3":[175],"11.6":[177],"vs.":[178,184],"49.9":[179],"16.0":[181],"min,":[182],"post-RRMT,":[185],"p":[186],"<":[187],"0.05).":[188],"results":[190],"suggest":[191],"fatigue":[194],"limits":[195],"as":[200,202],"well":[201],"surface":[205],"improves":[208],"performance.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}