{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1593830876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","title":"Is Banks' Cost of Equity Capital Different Across Countries? Evidence from the G10 Countries Major Banks","display_name":"Is Banks' Cost of Equity Capital Different Across Countries? Evidence from the G10 Countries Major Banks","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1593830876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","mag":"1593830876"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.335721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015273415","display_name":"Aurelio Maccario","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153551853","display_name":"UniCredit (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/00fgmmg43","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153551853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56441308","display_name":"Libera Universit\u00e0 Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli","ror":"https://ror.org/01q8b6q23","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56441308"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aurelio Maccario","raw_affiliation_strings":["Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Istituto di Studi Economici, 00162 Rome, Roma, Italy","UniCredit Banca Mobiliare - Research & Strategy Unit, Via Tommaso Grossi, 10, Milan, 20121, Italy","Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Istituto di Studi Economici","UniCredit Banca Mobiliare - Research & Strategy Unit"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Istituto di Studi Economici, 00162 Rome, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56441308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniCredit Banca Mobiliare - Research & Strategy Unit, Via Tommaso Grossi, 10, Milan, 20121, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153551853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Istituto di Studi Economici","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56441308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniCredit Banca Mobiliare - Research & Strategy Unit","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153551853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031001177","display_name":"Andrea Sironi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71209653","display_name":"Bocconi University","ror":"https://ror.org/05crjpb27","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71209653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Sironi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bocconi University - Department of Finance, Via Roentgen 1, Milano, MI 20136, Italy","Bocconi University - Department of Finance"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bocconi University - Department of Finance, Via Roentgen 1, Milano, MI 20136, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71209653"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bocconi University - Department of Finance","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71209653"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034345937","display_name":"Cristiano Zazzara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56441308","display_name":"Libera Universit\u00e0 Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli","ror":"https://ror.org/01q8b6q23","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56441308"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristiano Zazzara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Fondo Interbancario di Tutela dei Depositi and Instituto di Studi Economici, 00162 Rome, Roma, Italy","Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Fondo Interbancario di Tutela dei Depositi and Instituto di Studi Economici"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Fondo Interbancario di Tutela dei Depositi and Instituto di Studi Economici, 00162 Rome, Roma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56441308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Libera Universit\u00e0 degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Guido Carli - Fondo Interbancario di Tutela dei Depositi and Instituto di Studi Economici","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56441308"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031001177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71209653"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.8779000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.8779000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12675","display_name":"Financial Reporting and Valuation Research","score":0.05640000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":0.009999999776482582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-of-equity","display_name":"cost of equity","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-capital","display_name":"bank capital","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tier-1-capital","display_name":"Tier 1 capital","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basel-accords","display_name":"Basel Accord","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings-forecasts","display_name":"earnings forecasts","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-adequacy","display_name":"capital adequacy","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-banking-regulation","display_name":"international banking regulation","score":0.5529999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.6407464742660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74734477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479274","display_name":"Cost of capital","level":3,"score":0.6025134325027466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5957160592079163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.5949215292930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781032883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695774","display_name":"Cost of equity","level":4,"score":0.5910812020301819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143801662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384683","display_name":"Equity capital markets","level":3,"score":0.545305073261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149866677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384698","display_name":"Equity risk","level":3,"score":0.47541648149490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993628901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827451","display_name":"Equity capital","level":3,"score":0.4550720751285553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2864544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914988","display_name":"Capital requirement","level":3,"score":0.42920881509780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.38541826605796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3423544466495514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3255009055137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143910263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750458","display_name":"Capital market","level":2,"score":0.14380115270614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71110296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476115","display_name":"Private equity","level":2,"score":0.10519787669181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.09375616908073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0708446204662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.335721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.335721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.335721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506983033","https://openalex.org/W1519279285","https://openalex.org/W1562683833","https://openalex.org/W1977847404","https://openalex.org/W1978832105","https://openalex.org/W1994992921","https://openalex.org/W1995834279","https://openalex.org/W2005452036","https://openalex.org/W2012945105","https://openalex.org/W2054363483","https://openalex.org/W2056851492","https://openalex.org/W2057512722","https://openalex.org/W2124597406","https://openalex.org/W2158978917","https://openalex.org/W3123844683","https://openalex.org/W3123952594","https://openalex.org/W3124089696","https://openalex.org/W4237698691","https://openalex.org/W6607994909","https://openalex.org/W7136804490"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3125005334","https://openalex.org/W7097632906","https://openalex.org/W4242423368","https://openalex.org/W2298221174","https://openalex.org/W6999605610","https://openalex.org/W7219494398","https://openalex.org/W7055029174","https://openalex.org/W7155185389","https://openalex.org/W4399076106","https://openalex.org/W4322744508"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
