{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1593048760","doi":null,"title":"Outcome Milestones in Smoking Cessation: An Organizational Framework","display_name":"Outcome Milestones in Smoking Cessation: An Organizational Framework","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1593048760","mag":"1593048760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:7317","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/7317/1/scharfdm2005etd.pdf","pdf_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/7317/1/scharfdm2005etd.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006475462","display_name":"Deborah M. Scharf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-4741","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-4741"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deborah M. Scharf","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-4741","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006475462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11542","display_name":"Behavioral Health and Interventions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-cessation","display_name":"smoking cessation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lapses","display_name":"lapses","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapse","display_name":"relapse","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-framework","display_name":"organizational framework","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barriers-to-quitting","display_name":"barriers to quitting","score":0.5690000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120060458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10145","display_name":"Milestone","level":2,"score":0.9673173427581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210978","display_name":"Abstinence","level":2,"score":0.8129505515098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909830880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097839","display_name":"Developmental Milestone","level":2,"score":0.6970825791358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.675266444683075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777843972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462253","display_name":"Smoking cessation","level":2,"score":0.6467304229736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.6353921294212341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5254290103912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3246762454509735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.32370907068252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3029194474220276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2512664198875427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:7317","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/7317/1/scharfdm2005etd.pdf","pdf_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/7317/1/scharfdm2005etd.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"mag:1593048760","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/7317/1/scharfdm2005etd.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9074000120162964,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":114,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62874707","https://openalex.org/W102474812","https://openalex.org/W137721816","https://openalex.org/W158118704","https://openalex.org/W1479730409","https://openalex.org/W1553583298","https://openalex.org/W1682025172","https://openalex.org/W1774892284","https://openalex.org/W1894928914","https://openalex.org/W1963569431","https://openalex.org/W1965171696","https://openalex.org/W1968267559","https://openalex.org/W1968910627","https://openalex.org/W1970235733","https://openalex.org/W1971896294","https://openalex.org/W1972589070","https://openalex.org/W1974966757","https://openalex.org/W1976972165","https://openalex.org/W1978691251","https://openalex.org/W1980103223","https://openalex.org/W1981219072","https://openalex.org/W1981691757","https://openalex.org/W1982210139","https://openalex.org/W1982738716","https://openalex.org/W1983814701","https://openalex.org/W1984201425","https://openalex.org/W1984420681","https://openalex.org/W1986545007","https://openalex.org/W1988262403","https://openalex.org/W1991978791","https://openalex.org/W1994346380","https://openalex.org/W1996299251","https://openalex.org/W1996628557","https://openalex.org/W1996827355","https://openalex.org/W1997666496","https://openalex.org/W1999993224","https://openalex.org/W2000275201","https://openalex.org/W2002505392","https://openalex.org/W2003229557","https://openalex.org/W2003941846","https://openalex.org/W2004181967","https://openalex.org/W2004474753","https://openalex.org/W2004769171","https://openalex.org/W2013048998","https://openalex.org/W2014305965","https://openalex.org/W2015147267","https://openalex.org/W2017416112","https://openalex.org/W2019466856","https://openalex.org/W2021604300","https://openalex.org/W2022442804","https://openalex.org/W2022939260","https://openalex.org/W2024961723","https://openalex.org/W2031871454","https://openalex.org/W2033874195","https://openalex.org/W2035700940","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2038217596","https://openalex.org/W2038569635","https://openalex.org/W2040903782","https://openalex.org/W2044002422","https://openalex.org/W2044401585","https://openalex.org/W2044438182","https://openalex.org/W2044842258","https://openalex.org/W2048163423","https://openalex.org/W2048466053","https://openalex.org/W2050791901","https://openalex.org/W2053371361","https://openalex.org/W2055703665","https://openalex.org/W2057020815","https://openalex.org/W2057203402","https://openalex.org/W2060511504","https://openalex.org/W2060576737","https://openalex.org/W2060718240","https://openalex.org/W2062399317","https://openalex.org/W2066051511","https://openalex.org/W2066059054","https://openalex.org/W2066711771","https://openalex.org/W2069082196","https://openalex.org/W2070513698","https://openalex.org/W2072265974","https://openalex.org/W2073891038","https://openalex.org/W2077891246","https://openalex.org/W2083302378","https://openalex.org/W2085299802","https://openalex.org/W2085853595","https://openalex.org/W2096002727","https://openalex.org/W2104130129","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2113390049","https://openalex.org/W2114375603","https://openalex.org/W2118061336","https://openalex.org/W2123180639","https://openalex.org/W2123935819","https://openalex.org/W2134049139","https://openalex.org/W2161980475","https://openalex.org/W2163497683","https://openalex.org/W2168179045","https://openalex.org/W2169116059","https://openalex.org/W2169366546","https://openalex.org/W2171217747","https://openalex.org/W2180704072","https://openalex.org/W2313987504","https://openalex.org/W2317321545","https://openalex.org/W2332113569","https://openalex.org/W2396518330","https://openalex.org/W2400822160","https://openalex.org/W2426234107","https://openalex.org/W2432043119","https://openalex.org/W2487638356","https://openalex.org/W2497086619","https://openalex.org/W2528736394","https://openalex.org/W2891249980","https://openalex.org/W3212626375","https://openalex.org/W3213404975"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983657379","https://openalex.org/W16146563","https://openalex.org/W2326218694","https://openalex.org/W1988680001","https://openalex.org/W2126711514","https://openalex.org/W2066711771","https://openalex.org/W4412573694","https://openalex.org/W2795296767","https://openalex.org/W2065897660","https://openalex.org/W3106873409"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2,154],"the":[3,33,51,73,79,87,94,111,124,161,164],"utility":[4,107,162],"and":[5,14,24,108,193],"validity":[6,109],"of":[7,32,53,81,110,123,136,146,163,189],"three":[8],"behavioral":[9],"milestones,":[10],"initial":[11,190],"abstinence,":[12,191],"lapse,":[13,192],"relapse,":[15],"were":[16,35,75,89,139,151],"investigated":[17],"as":[18,113,121,182],"an":[19,114,173],"organizational":[20,115],"framework":[21,34,116,166],"for":[22,160,185],"assessing":[23],"reporting":[25],"outcomes":[26,71,85,150],"in":[27,67,78,93,99,176],"smoking":[28,49,131],"cessation":[29],"research.":[30],"Tests":[31],"twofold:":[36],"First,":[37],"to":[38,47,56,90,97,129],"establish":[39],"that":[40,69,83],"each":[41,61],"milestone":[42,62],"represented":[43,126],"a":[44,142,183],"significant":[45,127],"barrier":[46],"successful":[48,130],"cessation,":[50],"proportion":[52],"participants":[54],"failing":[55],"meet":[57],"abstinence":[58],"criteria":[59],"at":[60],"was":[63,117],"investigated.":[64],"Second,":[65],"differences":[66,92],"variables":[68],"predicted":[70,84],"between":[72,86,149],"milestones":[74,88,112,125,165],"examined.":[76],"Changes":[77],"importance":[80],"factors":[82],"suggest":[91],"processes":[95],"contributing":[96],"changes":[98],"trajectory":[100],"towards":[101],"end-state":[102],"failure":[103],"or":[104],"success.":[105],"The":[106],"partially":[118],"supported":[119],"insofar":[120],"all":[122],"barriers":[128],"cessation.":[132],"However,":[133],"few":[134,144],"predictors":[135,188],"any":[137],"outcome":[138],"identified.":[140],"As":[141],"consequence,":[143],"instances":[145],"differential":[147,187],"prediction":[148],"found.":[152],"This":[153],"therefore,":[155],"did":[156,170],"not":[157,171],"provide":[158,172],"support":[159],"because":[167],"preliminary":[168],"findings":[169],"appropriate":[174],"context":[175],"which":[177],"it":[178],"could":[179],"be":[180],"tested":[181],"tool":[184],"identifying":[186],"relapse.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}