{"id":"https://openalex.org/W159190927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1975.413855x","title":"Efficiency of Production of 2- and 3-Year-Old Hereford, Hereford \u00d7 Holstein and Holstein Cows2","display_name":"Efficiency of Production of 2- and 3-Year-Old Hereford, Hereford \u00d7 Holstein and Holstein Cows2","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W159190927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1975.413855x","mag":"159190927"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2527/jas1975.413855x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1975.413855x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1975.413855x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72684844","display_name":"Journal of Animal Science","issn_l":"0021-8812","issn":["0021-8812","1525-3015","1525-3163","1544-7847"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Animal Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008977048","display_name":"Joseph William Holloway","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. W. Holloway","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110008055","display_name":"D. F. Stephens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. F. Stephens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021680604","display_name":"Joe V. Whiteman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. V. Whiteman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018649191","display_name":"Robert Totusek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Totusek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 74074","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, A.R.S., El Reno 73036","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"],"apc_list":{"value":4368,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4368},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7597495,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"3","first_page":"855","last_page":"867"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10098","display_name":"Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology","score":0.8544999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10098","display_name":"Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology","score":0.8544999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14499","display_name":"Livestock Farming and Management","score":0.11060000211000443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.021700000390410423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hereford-cattle","display_name":"Hereford cattle","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holstein-cattle","display_name":"Holstein cows","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digestible-energy-intake","display_name":"digestible energy intake","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-cuts","display_name":"retail cuts","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dairy-cattle-reproduction","display_name":"dairy cattle reproduction","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173419221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4390467","display_name":"Crossbreed","level":2,"score":0.8910571336746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.7650250196456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780655333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333203","display_name":"Weaning","level":2,"score":0.6997715830802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776482104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38829","display_name":"Breed","level":2,"score":0.6952311396598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6436607837677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020541086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637776","display_name":"Milk production","level":2,"score":0.5683853626251221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776659692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426","display_name":"Lactation","level":3,"score":0.5287322998046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22641795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868757","display_name":"Ice calving","level":4,"score":0.4505805969238281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.154105544090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2527/jas1975.413855x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1975.413855x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1975.413855x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72684844","display_name":"Journal of Animal Science","issn_l":"0021-8812","issn":["0021-8812","1525-3015","1525-3163","1544-7847"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Animal Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44188329","https://openalex.org/W80830623","https://openalex.org/W1554671550","https://openalex.org/W1975879510","https://openalex.org/W1994332208","https://openalex.org/W2033624816","https://openalex.org/W2072122536","https://openalex.org/W2074068041","https://openalex.org/W2083271113","https://openalex.org/W2303057918","https://openalex.org/W2318143411","https://openalex.org/W2362589669","https://openalex.org/W2591355090","https://openalex.org/W3216143596"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W44188329","https://openalex.org/W2562403221","https://openalex.org/W208012073","https://openalex.org/W2567662858","https://openalex.org/W4246111722","https://openalex.org/W2039367348","https://openalex.org/W3140392267","https://openalex.org/W1964765302","https://openalex.org/W2135654175","https://openalex.org/W2944625004"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Efficiency":[0],"of":[1,3,39,46,64,80,91,98,100,156],"production":[2,92],"first":[4],"and":[5,13,20,56,85,113,132,145,158,165,172,175],"second":[6],"calf":[7],"Hereford,":[8,83],"Hereford":[9,164],"\u00d7":[10],"Holstein":[11,14,86,117,149],"(Crossbred)":[12],"cows":[15,30,118],"was":[16,93,159],"determined":[17],"in":[18,68,82],"drylot":[19],"estimated":[21,62,101,134],"for":[22],"corresponding":[23],"cattle":[24],"under":[25],"range":[26,73],"conditions.":[27],"Within":[28],"breed,":[29],"were":[31,48,60],"fed":[32,49],"either":[33],"a":[34,44,50],"Moderate":[35],"or":[36],"High":[37,52,55,58],"level":[38,79],"winter":[40,65,72],"supplement.":[41],"In":[42],"addition,":[43],"group":[45],"Holsteins":[47],"Very":[51,57],"level.":[53],"Moderate,":[54],"treatments":[59],"the":[61,96],"amounts":[63],"supplement":[66],"needed":[67],"addition":[69],"to":[70,75,104,136,154,178],"dry":[71],"grass":[74],"sustain":[76],"an":[77],"acceptable":[78],"reproduction":[81],"Crossbred":[84,166],"cows,":[87],"respectively.":[88,147],"Gross":[89],"efficiency":[90],"calculated":[94],"on":[95],"basis":[97],"conversion":[99],"DE":[102,135,177],"intake":[103],"(1)":[105],"milk,":[106],"(2)":[107],"weaned":[108,179],"calf,":[109],"(3)":[110],"carcass":[111],"energy":[112,123,130],"(4)":[114],"retail":[115],"cuts.":[116],"consumed":[119],"more":[120,126,181],"(P<.005)":[121],"digestibile":[122],"(DE),":[124],"produced":[125],"(P<.01)":[127,153,161],"milk":[128,137,170],"gross":[129],"(GE)":[131],"converted":[133,168],"GE":[138,171],"most":[139],"efficiently":[140,182],"(P<.01),":[141],"followed":[142],"by":[143],"Crossbreds":[144],"Herefords,":[146],"Although":[148],"progeny":[150,167],"grew":[151],"faster":[152],"time":[155],"weaning":[157],"heavier":[160],"at":[162],"weaning,":[163],"both":[169],"total":[173],"(creep":[174],"milk)":[176],"weight":[180],"(P<.05).":[183,184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
