{"id":"https://openalex.org/W15914712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","title":"Increasing the Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil with Interferons: Preclinical, Clinical, and Pharmacokinetic Studies","display_name":"Increasing the Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil with Interferons: Preclinical, Clinical, and Pharmacokinetic Studies","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W15914712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","mag":"15914712","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8178711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43790123","display_name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","issn_l":"0065-2598","issn":["0065-2598","2214-8019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2484828969","display_name":"Novel Approaches to Selective Treatments of Human Solid Tumors"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085875361","display_name":"Joseph A. Sparano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9031-2010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9031-2010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039242","display_name":"Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cea8r21","country_code":null,"type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371","https://openalex.org/I4390039242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph A. Sparano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I4390039242"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071579916","display_name":"Scott Wadler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335289525","display_name":"Montefiore Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I19772626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039242","display_name":"Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cea8r21","country_code":null,"type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371","https://openalex.org/I4390039242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Wadler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA","Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I4390039242"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1335289525","https://openalex.org/I4390039242"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01289134,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"339","issue":null,"first_page":"125","last_page":"131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11067","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11067","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11845","display_name":"Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11668","display_name":"interferon and immune responses","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/5-fluorouracil","display_name":"5-fluorouracil","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-alpha","display_name":"interferon-alpha","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-synergy","display_name":"drug synergy","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colon-adenocarcinoma","display_name":"colon adenocarcinoma","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thymidine-phosphorylase","display_name":"thymidine phosphorylase","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thymidylate-synthase","display_name":"thymidylate synthase","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thymidine-salvage-pathway","display_name":"thymidine salvage pathway","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorodeoxyuridine","display_name":"fluorodeoxyuridine","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-damage","display_name":"DNA damage","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacokinetics","display_name":"pharmacokinetics","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticancer-agents","display_name":"anticancer agents","score":0.6909999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123321153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22676802","display_name":"Thymidylate synthase","level":4,"score":0.7883312702178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.7827601432800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776735402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22038268","display_name":"Thymidine phosphorylase","level":3,"score":0.65019291639328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.533207356929779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.49849629402160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4820878803730011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188269","display_name":"Interferon","level":2,"score":0.46521735191345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.45965829491615295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777108182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422464","display_name":"Thymidine","level":3,"score":0.42553484439849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.37681347131729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780456651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238512","display_name":"Fluorouracil","level":3,"score":0.3737298250198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.32853829860687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3173386752605438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.22077903151512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.19268617033958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.17011961340904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000971","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004354","descriptor_name":"Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004354","descriptor_name":"Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004354","descriptor_name":"Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004357","descriptor_name":"Drug Synergism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004357","descriptor_name":"Drug Synergism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004357","descriptor_name":"Drug Synergism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005472","descriptor_name":"Fluorouracil","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005472","descriptor_name":"Fluorouracil","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005472","descriptor_name":"Fluorouracil","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016898","descriptor_name":"Interferon-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2488-5_14","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43790123","display_name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","issn_l":"0065-2598","issn":["0065-2598","2214-8019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:8178711","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8178711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8299999833106995}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521231175","https://openalex.org/W1545320152","https://openalex.org/W1593128082","https://openalex.org/W1640401641","https://openalex.org/W1929165921","https://openalex.org/W1929485758","https://openalex.org/W1966311999","https://openalex.org/W2007220590","https://openalex.org/W2083494028","https://openalex.org/W2138666504","https://openalex.org/W2143723701","https://openalex.org/W2146552804","https://openalex.org/W2168701969","https://openalex.org/W2175524623","https://openalex.org/W2234894755","https://openalex.org/W2255330917","https://openalex.org/W2274948752","https://openalex.org/W2338649218","https://openalex.org/W2397727482","https://openalex.org/W2409000725","https://openalex.org/W2416366082","https://openalex.org/W2416957726","https://openalex.org/W2417611977","https://openalex.org/W2418855280","https://openalex.org/W2443330051","https://openalex.org/W2460562859","https://openalex.org/W2460646709","https://openalex.org/W2473638526","https://openalex.org/W2546825004","https://openalex.org/W6600449576","https://openalex.org/W6601021338","https://openalex.org/W6629687728","https://openalex.org/W6683499116","https://openalex.org/W6758932533","https://openalex.org/W6815029415","https://openalex.org/W6822746554","https://openalex.org/W6830225955"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2419348819","https://openalex.org/W3142100176","https://openalex.org/W2414862472","https://openalex.org/W1996730121","https://openalex.org/W2038531353","https://openalex.org/W1894668838","https://openalex.org/W2396803645","https://openalex.org/W2054573481","https://openalex.org/W2042813883","https://openalex.org/W1584164555"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
