{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1591369151","doi":null,"title":"INTEGRATING HUMAN FACTOR EVALUATION IN THE DESIGN PROCESS OF ROADS - A WAY TO IMPROVE SAFETY STANDARDS FOR RURAL ROADS","display_name":"INTEGRATING HUMAN FACTOR EVALUATION IN THE DESIGN PROCESS OF ROADS - A WAY TO IMPROVE SAFETY STANDARDS FOR RURAL ROADS","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1591369151","mag":"1591369151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1591369151","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/749922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532796","display_name":"The XXIInd PIARC World Road CongressWorld Road Association - PIARC","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The XXIInd PIARC World Road CongressWorld Road Association - PIARC","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048742139","display_name":"Salvatore Damiano Cafiso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-0365","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-0365"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore Cafiso","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-0365","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021349121","display_name":"Grazia La Cava","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grazia La Cava","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017114604","display_name":"R Heger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Heger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109813502","display_name":"Ruediger Lamm","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruediger Lamm","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1129,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79932367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13527","display_name":"Road Transport and Highway Systems","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-factors","display_name":"human factors","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-safety","display_name":"road safety","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-roads","display_name":"rural roads","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-design-standards","display_name":"road design standards","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driver-mental-workload","display_name":"driver mental workload","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-user-behavior","display_name":"road user behaviour","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-lane-highways","display_name":"two-lane roads","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/street-environment","display_name":"road environment","score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-accident-causes","display_name":"road accident causes","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumented-car","display_name":"instrumented car","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.7531635761260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521751864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729207","display_name":"Christian ministry","level":2,"score":0.4855913519859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4792194962501526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.4666087031364441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.4446335434913635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.44097796082496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169806903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937752","display_name":"Human error","level":2,"score":0.4295095205307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4190065860748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2727717161178589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.23943910002708435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2191815972328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1192568838596344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1591369151","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/749922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532796","display_name":"The XXIInd PIARC World Road CongressWorld Road Association - PIARC","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The XXIInd PIARC World Road CongressWorld Road Association - PIARC","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2178110190","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/843515","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.761900007724762,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412840504","https://openalex.org/W4309091861","https://openalex.org/W1520715569","https://openalex.org/W597541000","https://openalex.org/W6982398647","https://openalex.org/W2171009237","https://openalex.org/W581134900","https://openalex.org/W7024430937","https://openalex.org/W627527471","https://openalex.org/W785464253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Each":[0],"year":[1],"between":[2,124,310],"40":[3],"and":[4,10,27,43,93,127,179,221,255,266,312],"50":[5],"thousand":[6],"people":[7],"are":[8,15,39,54,85],"killed":[9],"more":[11],"than":[12],"3":[13],"million":[14],"injured":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,51,56,63,110,131,192,202,209,269,290,308],"road":[19,40,52,95,104,112,125,128,138,198],"traffic":[20,41,239],"accidents":[21,38],"in":[22,102],"both":[23],"the":[24,28,77,94,122,166,175,181,188,263],"United":[25],"States":[26],"European":[29],"Union.":[30],"In":[31],"Europe":[32],"99":[33],"percent":[34,46],"of":[35,47,83,90,144,168,177,187,218,295],"fatal":[36],"transportation":[37],"related":[42],"about":[44],"95":[45],"all":[48],"factors":[49,204],"contributing":[50],"crashes":[53],"attributed":[55],"human":[57,91,154,203],"factors.":[58],"However,":[59],"research":[60,171,189,219,222],"with":[61,200,249],"respect":[62,201],"accident":[64],"causes":[65,76],"clarifies,":[66],"that":[67,75,150],"it":[68,98],"is":[69,99,106,191,214],"not":[70],"always":[71],"one":[72],"single":[73],"factor":[74,155],"accident,":[78],"but":[79],"a":[80,88,107,162,250,258,267,292,304],"considerable":[81],"amount":[82],"them":[84],"originated":[86],"from":[87],"combination":[89],"errors,":[92],"itself.":[96],"Furthermore,":[97],"known":[100],"that,":[101],"principle,":[103],"design":[105,134,147,195],"powerful":[108],"instrument":[109],"influence":[111],"user":[113,129],"behavior.":[114],"Thus,":[115],"this":[116,302],"study":[117],"will":[118],"primarily":[119],"focus":[120],"on":[121,165,241,287,301],"interaction":[123],"environment":[126],"behavior":[130],"develop":[132],"appropriate":[133],"alternatives":[135],"for":[136,197,261],"improving":[137],"safety.":[139],"A":[140,216,283],"brief":[141],"worldwide":[142],"review":[143],"geometric":[145],"highway":[146,194],"guidelines":[148],"revealed":[149],"most":[151],"standards":[152,196],"include":[153],"issues":[156],"only":[157],"implicitly.":[158],"This":[159],"paper":[160],"describes":[161],"methodology,":[163],"developed":[164,307],"basis":[167],"an":[169,233],"International":[170],"project":[172,190],"financed":[173],"by":[174,180,231],"University":[176,183],"Catania":[178],"Italian":[182,296],"Ministry.":[184],"The":[185,226,245],"aim":[186],"improve":[193],"safety":[199],"needs.":[205],"An":[206],"evaluation":[207],"system":[208,268],"quantify":[210],"driver":[211],"mental":[212],"workload":[213],"provided.":[215],"variety":[217],"methods":[220],"instruments":[223],"were":[224,229],"applied.":[225],"field":[227],"data":[228],"collected":[230],"using":[232],"instrumented":[234],"car":[235,246],"traveling":[236],"under":[237],"real":[238],"conditions":[240],"two-lane":[242,297],"rural":[243,298],"roads.":[244,299],"was":[247,285,306],"equipped":[248],"GPS":[251],"receiver,":[252],"vehicle":[253],"speed-":[254],"acceleration":[256],"sensors,":[257],"video":[259],"camera":[260],"recording":[262],"driver's":[264],"view":[265],"record":[270],"psycho-physiological":[271],"responses":[272],"(i.e.":[273],"Electrocardiogram":[274],"ECG,":[275],"Electroculogram":[276],"EOG,":[277],"Electrodermal":[278],"Activity":[279],"EDA,":[280],"Electromiography":[281],"EMG).":[282],"survey":[284],"conducted":[286],"roadway":[288],"sections":[289],"provide":[291],"representative":[293],"sample":[294],"Based":[300],"experience":[303],"procedure":[305],"distinguish":[309],"good":[311],"poor":[313],"driving":[314],"conditions.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
