{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1574031795","doi":null,"title":"User, and Open Collaborative Innovation: Ascendent Economic Models","display_name":"User, and Open Collaborative Innovation: Ascendent Economic Models","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1574031795","mag":"1574031795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1574031795","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.insme.org/files/3764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054224462","display_name":"Carliss Y. Baldwin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-8286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-8286"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carliss Y. Baldwin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-8286","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016446179","display_name":"Eric von Hippel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7235-1032","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7235-1032"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric von Hippel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7235-1032","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.014600000344216824,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11114","display_name":"Service and Product Innovation","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-innovation","display_name":"user innovation","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-cost","display_name":"design cost","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-overhead","display_name":"communication overhead","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-welfare-welfare-economics","display_name":"social welfare (welfare economics)","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-policy","display_name":"innovation policy","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-models","display_name":"economic models","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148415826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469997","display_name":"Open innovation","level":2,"score":0.8318541646003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6058839559555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777347882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901846","display_name":"User innovation","level":2,"score":0.5938017964363098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4935675859451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.46772682666778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33199155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2277143","display_name":"Sharing economy","level":2,"score":0.45327460765838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4516226649284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.35309267044067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.31201350688934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17081588506698608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.13046717643737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08011335134506226}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1574031795","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.insme.org/files/3764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7207000255584717,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102702273","https://openalex.org/W131776698","https://openalex.org/W398915026","https://openalex.org/W570079595","https://openalex.org/W572837637","https://openalex.org/W582477388","https://openalex.org/W629152818","https://openalex.org/W1484422664","https://openalex.org/W1487667348","https://openalex.org/W1499268907","https://openalex.org/W1510316655","https://openalex.org/W1537543935","https://openalex.org/W1549112112","https://openalex.org/W1561558283","https://openalex.org/W1566344170","https://openalex.org/W1574782094","https://openalex.org/W1577726433","https://openalex.org/W1580191282","https://openalex.org/W1580662269","https://openalex.org/W1588942736","https://openalex.org/W1603750198","https://openalex.org/W1608133798","https://openalex.org/W1666015432","https://openalex.org/W1708874574","https://openalex.org/W1896125358","https://openalex.org/W1915178070","https://openalex.org/W1965862247","https://openalex.org/W1968380256","https://openalex.org/W1970326724","https://openalex.org/W1971782430","https://openalex.org/W1990360714","https://openalex.org/W2008520857","https://openalex.org/W2020893004","https://openalex.org/W2025145152","https://openalex.org/W2025763341","https://openalex.org/W2034328776","https://openalex.org/W2037354927","https://openalex.org/W2040673071","https://openalex.org/W2055945742","https://openalex.org/W2060612466","https://openalex.org/W2062070698","https://openalex.org/W2064875135","https://openalex.org/W2082790601","https://openalex.org/W2086519041","https://openalex.org/W2091579301","https://openalex.org/W2093197534","https://openalex.org/W2095641207","https://openalex.org/W2099791550","https://openalex.org/W2109280325","https://openalex.org/W2116548144","https://openalex.org/W2120194367","https://openalex.org/W2121424790","https://openalex.org/W2124946950","https://openalex.org/W2125050661","https://openalex.org/W2125345368","https://openalex.org/W2126762905","https://openalex.org/W2129432581","https://openalex.org/W2129604246","https://openalex.org/W2132962912","https://openalex.org/W2134119432","https://openalex.org/W2137358449","https://openalex.org/W2142257426","https://openalex.org/W2142763657","https://openalex.org/W2156035463","https://openalex.org/W2157416820","https://openalex.org/W2158163701","https://openalex.org/W2161159763","https://openalex.org/W2163122446","https://openalex.org/W2166043165","https://openalex.org/W2167142086","https://openalex.org/W2184881128","https://openalex.org/W2261138327","https://openalex.org/W2270286457","https://openalex.org/W2282862549","https://openalex.org/W2412606280","https://openalex.org/W2494033181","https://openalex.org/W2566856888","https://openalex.org/W2734881203","https://openalex.org/W2752617332","https://openalex.org/W2759341555","https://openalex.org/W2798346535","https://openalex.org/W2973218851","https://openalex.org/W3023331053","https://openalex.org/W3023499496","https://openalex.org/W3045688580","https://openalex.org/W3103867449","https://openalex.org/W3121707495","https://openalex.org/W3121846135","https://openalex.org/W3122407922","https://openalex.org/W3122633468","https://openalex.org/W3122859634","https://openalex.org/W3123150028","https://openalex.org/W3123293202","https://openalex.org/W3123336377","https://openalex.org/W3124130175","https://openalex.org/W3124140110","https://openalex.org/W3125129461","https://openalex.org/W3125171601","https://openalex.org/W3125898175","https://openalex.org/W4255589644"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2223980223","https://openalex.org/W2138737752","https://openalex.org/W2378884973","https://openalex.org/W3121773575","https://openalex.org/W184434161","https://openalex.org/W816509884","https://openalex.org/W1597528673","https://openalex.org/W4248835652","https://openalex.org/W2367480555","https://openalex.org/W1456183805"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"assess":[4],"the":[5,33,70],"economic":[6],"viability":[7],"of":[8,69,92,98],"innovation":[9,29,48,56,65,79,87],"by":[10,20,49,100],"producers":[11],"relative":[12],"to":[13,80],"two":[14],"increasingly":[15,57],"important":[16],"alternative":[17],"models:":[18],"innovations":[19],"single":[21,82],"user":[22,83],"individuals":[23],"or":[24],"firms,":[25],"and":[26,36,38,52,61,84,95],"open":[27,54,81,85],"collaborative":[28,55,86],"projects.":[30],"We":[31,45,72],"analyze":[32],"design":[34],"costs":[35,40],"architectures":[37],"communication":[39],"associated":[41],"with":[42,59],"each":[43],"model.":[44],"conclude":[46],"that":[47,74],"individual":[50],"users":[51],"also":[53],"compete":[58],"-":[60],"may":[62],"displace":[63],"-producer":[64],"in":[66,90],"many":[67],"parts":[68],"economy.":[71],"argue":[73],"a":[75],"transition":[76],"from":[77],"producer":[78],"is":[88],"desirable":[89],"terms":[91],"social":[93],"welfare,":[94],"so":[96],"worthy":[97],"support":[99],"policymakers.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}