{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1571663278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35013030","title":"Deep convective clouds with sustained supercooled liquid water down to -37.5 \u00b0C","display_name":"Deep convective clouds with sustained supercooled liquid water down to -37.5 \u00b0C","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1571663278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35013030","mag":"1571663278","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10839535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/35013030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35013030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35013030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W1571663278"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082469538","display_name":"Daniel Rosenfeld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-7656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-7656"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Rosenfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Earth Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel","Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Earth Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041658348","display_name":"William Lee Woodley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William L. Woodley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Woodley Weather Consultants, 11 White Fir Court, Littleton, 80127, Colorado, USA","Woodley Weather Consultants, Littleton, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Woodley Weather Consultants, 11 White Fir Court, Littleton, 80127, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Woodley Weather Consultants, Littleton, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082469538"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"],"apc_list":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8128,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":562,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99236877,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"405","issue":"6785","first_page":"440","last_page":"442"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-convective-clouds","display_name":"deep convective clouds","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercooled-liquid-water","display_name":"supercooled liquid water","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-phase-clouds","display_name":"mixed-phase clouds","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous-freezing","display_name":"homogeneous freezing","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-nucleation","display_name":"ice nucleation","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-size","display_name":"droplet size","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-microphysics","display_name":"cloud microphysics","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-situ-aircraft-measurements","display_name":"aircraft in situ measurements","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-electrification","display_name":"cloud electrification","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hail-formation","display_name":"hail formation","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall","display_name":"rainfall","score":0.6129999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112964491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213659","display_name":"Supercooling","level":2,"score":0.8283811807632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85502700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995540","display_name":"Liquid water content","level":3,"score":0.7443960309028625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781448682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093125","display_name":"Cirrus","level":2,"score":0.6415728330612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122409099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3136993","display_name":"Ice nucleus","level":3,"score":0.6400151252746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5887764692306519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125388846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1325808","display_name":"Ice crystals","level":2,"score":0.5727260112762451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10899652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329","display_name":"Convection","level":2,"score":0.5598456859588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192932206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16951299","display_name":"Convective storm detection","level":3,"score":0.5435291528701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134295995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1506685","display_name":"Orographic lift","level":3,"score":0.5389626026153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776884238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3382037","display_name":"Cloud physics","level":3,"score":0.5201647281646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80316258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2857578","display_name":"Thunderstorm","level":2,"score":0.4576070308685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4463740587234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4154249429702759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.38054177165031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2181054949760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.19225987792015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.15000301599502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61048295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909022","display_name":"Nucleation","level":2,"score":0.1344875693321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/35013030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35013030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/35013030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137773608","display_name":"Nature","issn_l":"0028-0836","issn":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10839535","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10839535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nat:nature:v:405:y:2000:i:6785:d:10.1038_35013030","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/35013030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1666681191","https://openalex.org/W1981445094","https://openalex.org/W1987792638","https://openalex.org/W1997486089","https://openalex.org/W1997854887","https://openalex.org/W2014362519","https://openalex.org/W2019289496","https://openalex.org/W2038370402","https://openalex.org/W2174152704","https://openalex.org/W3109070402"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964373164","https://openalex.org/W7127284480","https://openalex.org/W2682860580","https://openalex.org/W2199937144","https://openalex.org/W2052482829","https://openalex.org/W1987792638","https://openalex.org/W1979530844","https://openalex.org/W2054499577","https://openalex.org/W2608146657","https://openalex.org/W2141568724"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}