{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1570178005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada336213","title":"Approaches to Legacy System Evolution.","display_name":"Approaches to Legacy System Evolution.","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1570178005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada336213","mag":"1570178005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21236/ada336213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada336213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada336213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"US Dept of the Air Force","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070533440","display_name":"Nelson Weiderman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelson H. Weiderman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059458407","display_name":"John Bergey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John K. Bergey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103563542","display_name":"Dennis B. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis B. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112805836","display_name":"Scott Tilley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott R. Tilley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.7910000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.7910000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.16300000250339508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14014","display_name":"Transportation Systems and Infrastructure","score":0.027899999171495438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-intensive-systems","display_name":"software-intensive systems","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-architecture","display_name":"system architecture","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-oriented-technology","display_name":"object-oriented technology","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface-technology","display_name":"interface technology","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-technology","display_name":"network technology","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintainability","display_name":"maintainability","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-reuse","display_name":"software reuse","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-understanding","display_name":"system understanding","score":0.32899999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.6223093867301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105446022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q445962","display_name":"Legacy system","level":3,"score":0.5948459506034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5923601388931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.539925754070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5207583904266357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4801054298877716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4625088572502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202105479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265013","display_name":"Software evolution","level":5,"score":0.45121127367019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.43730342388153076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.4045906066894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30941709876060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.1423904001712799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11854374408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21236/ada336213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada336213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada336213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"US Dept of the Air Force","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W160813938","https://openalex.org/W1597549781","https://openalex.org/W1966467209","https://openalex.org/W2032782803","https://openalex.org/W2102860528","https://openalex.org/W2153654970","https://openalex.org/W2169032508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139746555","https://openalex.org/W1595345215","https://openalex.org/W2102860528","https://openalex.org/W2011673914","https://openalex.org/W7099305329","https://openalex.org/W152999914","https://openalex.org/W1978943129","https://openalex.org/W2096785659","https://openalex.org/W1831596614","https://openalex.org/W7056760330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],":":[1],"The":[2],"approach":[3,129],"that":[4,22,130],"one":[5],"chooses":[6],"to":[7,38,43,67,102,106,117],"evolve":[8,40],"software-intensive":[9],"systems":[10,42],"depends":[11],"on":[12],"the":[13,15,18,104,136,139,143],"organization,":[14],"system,":[16],"and":[17,32,52,60,76,93,114],"technology.":[19],"We":[20],"believe":[21],"significant":[23],"progress":[24],"in":[25,46,86,100,142],"system":[26,28,127],"architecture,":[27],"understanding,":[29],"object":[30],"technology,":[31,57,59],"net-centric":[33],"computing":[34],"make":[35],"it":[36],"possible":[37],"economically":[39],"software":[41,70],"a":[44,87,98,125],"state":[45],"which":[47,101],"they":[48],"exhibit":[49],"greater":[50],"functionality":[51],"maintainability.":[53],"In":[54],"particular,":[55],"interface":[56],"wrapping":[58],"network":[61],"technology":[62],"are":[63],"opening":[64],"many":[65],"opportunities":[66],"leverage":[68],"existing":[69],"assets":[71],"instead":[72],"of":[73,138,145],"scrapping":[74],"them":[75],"starting":[77],"over.":[78],"But":[79],"these":[80],"promising":[81,140],"technologies":[82,141],"cannot":[83],"be":[84,97],"applied":[85],"vacuum":[88],"or":[89],"without":[90],"management":[91],"understanding":[92],"control.":[94],"There":[95],"must":[96],"framework":[99,134],"motivate":[103],"organization":[105],"understand":[107],"its":[108,111,115],"business":[109],"opportunities,":[110],"application":[112,137],"systems,":[113],"road":[116],"an":[118,132],"improved":[119],"target":[120],"system.":[121],"This":[122],"report":[123],"outlines":[124],"comprehensive":[126],"evolution":[128],"incorporates":[131],"enterprise":[133],"for":[135],"context":[144],"legacy":[146],"systems.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}