{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1569766987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","title":"Antinucleolar Antibodies in Human Sera","display_name":"Antinucleolar Antibodies in Human Sera","publication_year":1973,"publication_date":"1973-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1569766987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","mag":"1569766987","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4199560"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38008053","display_name":"The Journal of Immunology","issn_l":"0022-1767","issn":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800377","host_organization_name":"American Association of Immunologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800377"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Immunologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050957207","display_name":"Jacob L. Pinnas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146328","display_name":"Scripps Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/05kwjwj05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311914864","https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob L Pinnas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation , La Jolla, California 92037","Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation From the , La Jolla, California 92037"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation , La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation From the , La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043255664","display_name":"James D. Northway","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146328","display_name":"Scripps Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/05kwjwj05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311914864","https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James D Northway","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation , La Jolla, California 92037","Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation From the , La Jolla, California 92037"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation , La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation From the , La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065446697","display_name":"Eng M. Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8711-3248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8711-3248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146328","display_name":"Scripps Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/05kwjwj05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311914864","https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eng M Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation , La Jolla, California 92037","Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation From the , La Jolla, California 92037"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation , La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation From the , La Jolla, California 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146328"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.046,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86536632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"111","issue":"4","first_page":"996","last_page":"1004"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11330","display_name":"Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases","score":0.8881999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11330","display_name":"Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases","score":0.8881999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.09279999881982803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11841","display_name":"Nuclear Structure and Function","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antinucleolar-antibodies","display_name":"antinucleolar antibodies","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleolus","display_name":"nucleolus","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleolar-antigens","display_name":"nucleolar antigens","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphodiesterase","display_name":"phosphodiesterase","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-sclerosis","display_name":"systemic sclerosis","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sjogren-s-syndrome","display_name":"Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raynaud-s-phenomenon","display_name":"Raynaud's phenomenon","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-disease","display_name":"autoimmune disease","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunofluorescence","display_name":"immunofluorescence","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calf-thymus","display_name":"calf thymus","score":0.8690000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183873130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30869","display_name":"Nucleolus","level":3,"score":0.8232355117797852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778236600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592324","display_name":"Immunofluorescence","level":3,"score":0.728101372718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.6846129298210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.6752668619155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149443304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185390","display_name":"Anti-nuclear antibody","level":4,"score":0.6152874231338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779967694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383511","display_name":"Scleroderma (fungus)","level":3,"score":0.5062171816825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780931953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9371","display_name":"Spleen","level":2,"score":0.4758329391479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.45577386021614075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74864618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2332446","display_name":"Staining","level":2,"score":0.45021915435791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.44381770491600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.41605687141418457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984894117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592324","display_name":"Indirect immunofluorescence","level":3,"score":0.4135097861289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163764329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785022","display_name":"Autoantibody","level":3,"score":0.3091646432876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.27497684955596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25630539655685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.06590041518211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180032290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664296","display_name":"Inoculation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190062978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79899","display_name":"Cytoplasm","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000906","descriptor_name":"Antibodies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000941","descriptor_name":"Antigens","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001327","descriptor_name":"Autoimmune Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002466","descriptor_name":"Cell Nucleolus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002499","descriptor_name":"Centrifugation, Density Gradient","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002848","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003095","descriptor_name":"Collagen Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005455","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Antibody Technique","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005779","descriptor_name":"Immunodiffusion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011233","descriptor_name":"Precipitin Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011928","descriptor_name":"Raynaud Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012313","descriptor_name":"RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012595","descriptor_name":"Scleroderma, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012859","descriptor_name":"Sjogren's Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013154","descriptor_name":"Spleen","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013395","descriptor_name":"Sucrose","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013950","descriptor_name":"Thymus Gland","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014020","descriptor_name":"Tissue Extracts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014732","descriptor_name":"Vibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.111.4.996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38008053","display_name":"The Journal of Immunology","issn_l":"0022-1767","issn":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800377","host_organization_name":"American Association of Immunologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800377"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Immunologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:4199560","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4199560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8560000061988831,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976596852","https://openalex.org/W1975799692","https://openalex.org/W1528262319","https://openalex.org/W1995379503","https://openalex.org/W1976684154","https://openalex.org/W1973530039","https://openalex.org/W2074413641","https://openalex.org/W2011736385","https://openalex.org/W2524145851","https://openalex.org/W1984606532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Antibodies":[1],"to":[2,36,82],"mammalian":[3],"cell":[4],"nucleoli":[5,22],"occur":[6],"spontaneously":[7],"in":[8],"certain":[9],"autoimmune":[10],"human":[11],"diseases":[12],"and":[13,29,51,79,90],"have":[14],"been":[15],"demonstrated":[16],"by":[17,60,77],"immunofluorescence.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20,56,69],"study,":[21],"were":[23,32,66,80],"isolated":[24],"from":[25,84],"fresh":[26],"calf":[27],"thymus":[28],"antinucleolar":[30],"antibodies":[31],"used":[33],"as":[34],"reagents":[35],"identify":[37],"a":[38,45],"reactive":[39],"nucleolar":[40,75],"antigen.":[41],"The":[42],"antigen":[43,57],"was":[44,58],"low":[46],"molecular":[47],"weight":[48],"4\u20136S":[49],"RNA,":[50],"the":[52],"precipitating":[53],"activity":[54],"of":[55,72,74],"destroyed":[59],"treatment":[61],"with":[62,86],"spleen":[63],"phosphodiesterase.":[64],"Sera":[65],"selected":[67],"for":[68],"study":[70],"because":[71],"predominance":[73],"staining":[76],"immunofluorescence":[78],"found":[81],"be":[83],"patients":[85],"scleroderma,":[87],"Sjogren's":[88],"syndrome,":[89],"undiagnosed":[91],"illnesses":[92],"manifesting":[93],"Raynaud's":[94],"phenomenon.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}