{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1567434955","doi":null,"title":"A comparison of the anatomical and biomechanical parameters of the foot in Maori and non-Maori","display_name":"A comparison of the anatomical and biomechanical parameters of the foot in Maori and non-Maori","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1567434955","mag":"1567434955"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:openrepository.aut.ac.nz:10292/7689","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081026078","display_name":"Belinda Ihaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0206-189X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0206-189X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Belinda Ihaka","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081026078"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.027499999850988388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10455","display_name":"Foot and Ankle Surgery","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foot-biomechanics","display_name":"foot biomechanics","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plantar-fascia-thickness","display_name":"plantar fascia thickness","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plantar-pressure","display_name":"plantar pressure","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-time-integral","display_name":"pressure-time integral","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"diabetes mellitus","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-neuropathy","display_name":"peripheral neuropathy","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-differences","display_name":"ethnic differences","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foot-ulcer-risk","display_name":"foot ulcer risk","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amputation-risk","display_name":"amputation risk","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metatarsophalangeal-joint","display_name":"metatarsophalangeal joint","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-zealand","display_name":"New Zealand","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-auckland","display_name":"South Auckland","score":0.656000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779923026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383204","display_name":"Plantar fascia","level":4,"score":0.8941277861595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776577363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16989664","display_name":"Forefoot","level":3,"score":0.86231529712677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7441675066947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.7380930185317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777069013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52851","display_name":"Plantar fasciitis","level":3,"score":0.6422712206840515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.6036756038665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986382866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4368164","display_name":"Plantar pressure","level":3,"score":0.5566561222076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115076146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1651051","display_name":"Foot (prosody)","level":2,"score":0.4918782711029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777858829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52856","display_name":"Diabetic foot","level":3,"score":0.4910237789154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781227721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153785","display_name":"Aotearoa","level":2,"score":0.4572751820087433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.38246282935142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.3758201003074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2825015187263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.1853223443031311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777248721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174647","display_name":"Heel","level":2,"score":0.12044426798820496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41325743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261040","display_name":"Pressure sensor","level":2,"score":0.07861950993537903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0716429054737091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81182388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353963","display_name":"Complication","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:openrepository.aut.ac.nz:10292/7689","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aut.researchgateway.ac.nz:10292/7689","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:1567434955","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/handle/10292/7689","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:openrepository.aut.ac.nz:10292/7689","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7689","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401809","display_name":"Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39854758","host_organization_name":"Auckland University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39854758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310339","display_name":"Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand","ror":"https://ror.org/01zvqw119"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1567434955.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1567434955.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":128,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48095905","https://openalex.org/W125070947","https://openalex.org/W140909898","https://openalex.org/W202540107","https://openalex.org/W294293409","https://openalex.org/W1485801115","https://openalex.org/W1553916623","https://openalex.org/W1555116490","https://openalex.org/W1571431911","https://openalex.org/W1595188910","https://openalex.org/W1877961264","https://openalex.org/W1920737821","https://openalex.org/W1937764789","https://openalex.org/W1941019626","https://openalex.org/W1965102354","https://openalex.org/W1966959654","https://openalex.org/W1967452391","https://openalex.org/W1968561916","https://openalex.org/W1971801927","https://openalex.org/W1972504129","https://openalex.org/W1974521154","https://openalex.org/W1978808174","https://openalex.org/W1978840768","https://openalex.org/W1980036116","https://openalex.org/W1980302906","https://openalex.org/W1983321376","https://openalex.org/W1984750783","https://openalex.org/W1993552188","https://openalex.org/W1998713078","https://openalex.org/W1999912738","https://openalex.org/W2004755889","https://openalex.org/W2004988782","https://openalex.org/W2005413679","https://openalex.org/W2007438425","https://openalex.org/W2012591985","https://openalex.org/W2014948887","https://openalex.org/W2018275647","https://openalex.org/W2020267609","https://openalex.org/W2025061438","https://openalex.org/W2026673377","https://openalex.org/W2027379015","https://openalex.org/W2027483278","https://openalex.org/W2029572158","https://openalex.org/W2030375483","https://openalex.org/W2030952229","https://openalex.org/W2034379942","https://openalex.org/W2034463349","https://openalex.org/W2036476952","https://openalex.org/W2036743645","https://openalex.org/W2043510441","https://openalex.org/W2046109449","https://openalex.org/W2047782289","https://openalex.org/W2049568996","https://openalex.org/W2049895362","https://openalex.org/W2053685252","https://openalex.org/W2056645489","https://openalex.org/W2057960423","https://openalex.org/W2058513589","https://openalex.org/W2059341662","https://openalex.org/W2061953203","https://openalex.org/W2063361792","https://openalex.org/W2066354341","https://openalex.org/W2067634173","https://openalex.org/W2075156323","https://openalex.org/W2078205133","https://openalex.org/W2080801119","https://openalex.org/W2082487229","https://openalex.org/W2085062823","https://openalex.org/W2089574035","https://openalex.org/W2090070802","https://openalex.org/W2090254125","https://openalex.org/W2091682651","https://openalex.org/W2091936520","https://openalex.org/W2092175036","https://openalex.org/W2099074695","https://openalex.org/W2101001275","https://openalex.org/W2103685142","https://openalex.org/W2104329837","https://openalex.org/W2105052883","https://openalex.org/W2106752649","https://openalex.org/W2107195999","https://openalex.org/W2107957118","https://openalex.org/W2110724223","https://openalex.org/W2113278103","https://openalex.org/W2114033960","https://openalex.org/W2114394513","https://openalex.org/W2115372776","https://openalex.org/W2116121880","https://openalex.org/W2117459003","https://openalex.org/W2117463801","https://openalex.org/W2118632330","https://openalex.org/W2118991239","https://openalex.org/W2123576169","https://openalex.org/W2125125989","https://openalex.org/W2125255634","https://openalex.org/W2127143277","https://openalex.org/W2127510940","https://openalex.org/W2130961250","https://openalex.org/W2132493644","https://openalex.org/W2133856316","https://openalex.org/W2133979481","https://openalex.org/W2134605201","https://openalex.org/W2137289133","https://openalex.org/W2138254084","https://openalex.org/W2138969187","https://openalex.org/W2141772438","https://openalex.org/W2142009442","https://openalex.org/W2142471698","https://openalex.org/W2145025407","https://openalex.org/W2146383544","https://openalex.org/W2148740679","https://openalex.org/W2149140201","https://openalex.org/W2150072015","https://openalex.org/W2153916083","https://openalex.org/W2157823820","https://openalex.org/W2159591948","https://openalex.org/W2168025725","https://openalex.org/W2168490388","https://openalex.org/W2168845053","https://openalex.org/W2186987598","https://openalex.org/W2313687043","https://openalex.org/W2330931012","https://openalex.org/W2340478207","https://openalex.org/W2408558582","https://openalex.org/W2415799905","https://openalex.org/W2588744273","https://openalex.org/W2960350445","https://openalex.org/W2985280091"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1728413021","https://openalex.org/W1972504129","https://openalex.org/W2125125989","https://openalex.org/W7099891614","https://openalex.org/W3210682604","https://openalex.org/W2014132084","https://openalex.org/W1966959654","https://openalex.org/W2091682651","https://openalex.org/W2067375645","https://openalex.org/W7211902039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"M\u0101ori":[1,29,61,91,126,129,226,290,335,363],"have":[2],"poorer":[3],"health":[4],"outcomes":[5],"compared":[6],"to":[7,41,75,174,322,352,358],"non-M\u0101ori":[8,63,133,137,230,236,240],"and":[9,14,33,52,62,65,68,83,111,136,152,170,182,229,235,239,259,302,326,338],"are":[10],"over-represented":[11],"in":[12,18,44,90,274,280,330,349,362],"amputation":[13],"age-standardised":[15],"mortality":[16],"rates":[17],"Aotearoa.":[19],"There":[20],"is":[21],"limited":[22],"knowledge":[23],"on":[24,101],"the":[25,57,77,88,118,160,176,206,217,252,255,267,281,285,307,323,331],"biomechanical":[26,320,343],"parameters":[27],"of":[28,159,334],"feet":[30],"with":[31,64,92,127,130,134,138,203,227,231,237,241,291,336,364],"diabetes":[32,67,135,199,228,233,238,243,337],"peripheral":[34,69,339],"neuropathy.":[35,70,340],"Aims:":[36],"The":[37,316],"primary":[38],"aim":[39,73],"was":[40,74,99,144,296],"evaluate":[42,353],"differences":[43,188,215,250,273],"plantar":[45,50,80,84,150,179,183,246,299,304,324,328],"fascia":[46,81,142,180,211,300,325],"thickness,":[47],"peak":[48,149,303],"forefoot":[49,58,85,89,286,333],"pressures":[51,86,329],"pressure":[53,151,153,247,275,305],"time":[54,154,276],"integrals":[55,155,277],"under":[56,87],"region":[59,287],"between":[60,79,178,191,216,225,298],"without":[66],"A":[71,95],"secondary":[72],"determine":[76],"relationship":[78,177,295],"thickness":[82,143,181,212,301],"diabetes.":[93,140,365],"Method:":[94],"cross-sectional":[96],"observational":[97],"study":[98],"conducted":[100],"36":[102],"participants":[103],"recruited":[104],"from":[105],"two":[106],"clinical":[107],"sites":[108],"(South":[109],"Auckland":[110],"North":[112],"Shore,":[113],"Auckland).":[114],"Participants":[115],"who":[116],"met":[117],"inclusion":[119],"criteria":[120],"were":[121,156,163,189,278],"divided":[122],"into":[123],"four":[124,161,207,282],"groups:":[125],"diabetes,":[128,132,292],"no":[131,139,232,242,264],"Plantar":[141,210],"measured":[145],"by":[146],"ultrasound.":[147],"Forefoot":[148],"evaluated.":[157],"Data":[158],"groups":[162,208,218,253,283],"analysed":[164],"using":[165],"a":[166,171,293],"Kruskal":[167],"Wallis":[168],"test":[169],"Pearson\u2019s":[172],"r-correlation":[173],"analyse":[175],"pressure.":[184],"Results:":[185],"No":[186,271],"significant":[187,214,223,249,272,294],"found":[190,279,297,319],"age,":[192],"gender,":[193],"body":[194],"mass":[195],"index":[196],"(BMI)":[197],"or":[198],"duration":[200],"(for":[201],"people":[202],"diabetes)":[204],"across":[205,251,284],"(p>0.05).":[209,288],"showed":[213],"(p=0.02).":[219],"Post-hoc":[220],"analysis":[221],"demonstrated":[222,248],"increases":[224],"(p=0.04);":[234],"(p=0.01).":[244],"Peak":[245],"for":[254,266],"2nd/3rd":[256],"MPJ":[257,261,269,309],"(p=0.01)":[258],"4th/5th":[260,308],"(p=0.02),":[262],"but":[263],"difference":[265],"1st":[268],"(p=0.10).":[270],"In":[289],"at":[306],"(r":[310],"=":[311],"0.77;":[312],"p":[313],"=0.01).":[314],"Conclusion:":[315],"preliminary":[317],"results":[318],"changes":[321],"increased":[327],"lateral":[332],"Evaluating":[341],"other":[342],"risk":[344],"factors":[345],"may":[346,356],"be":[347],"used":[348],"future":[350],"studies":[351],"predictors":[354],"that":[355],"contribute":[357],"diabetic":[359],"foot":[360],"complications":[361]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
