{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1565891703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","title":"Reducing the Effort to Comprehend Risk Models: Text Labels Are Often Preferred Over Graphical Means","display_name":"Reducing the Effort to Comprehend Risk Models: Text Labels Are Often Preferred Over Graphical Means","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1565891703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","mag":"1565891703","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21615762"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161248890","display_name":"Risk Analysis","issn_l":"0272-4332","issn":["0272-4332","1539-6924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Risk Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043545170","display_name":"Ida Hogganvik","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ida Hogganvik Gr\u00f8ndahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scandpower Risk Management, Norway. kst@sintef.no","Scandpower Risk Management, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scandpower Risk Management, Norway. kst@sintef.no","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scandpower Risk Management, Norway","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080433425","display_name":"Mass Soldal Lund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-982X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-982X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mass Soldal Lund","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINTEF ICT, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF ICT, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008407215","display_name":"Ketil St\u00f8len","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-9902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-9902"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ketil St\u00f8len","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINTEF ICT, Norway","University of Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF ICT, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008407215"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"apc_list":{"value":4880,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4880},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0261,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86993339,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"11","first_page":"1813","last_page":"1831"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.7246000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.7246000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11573","display_name":"Risk Perception and Management","score":0.11980000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.08240000158548355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-modeling","display_name":"risk modeling","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coras","display_name":"CORAS","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-labels","display_name":"text labels","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-communication","display_name":"visual communication","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stakeholder-communication","display_name":"stakeholder communication","score":0.6650000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155846161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143367","display_name":"Graphical model","level":2,"score":0.6610767841339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5927748084068298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017634809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84862664","display_name":"Risk communication","level":2,"score":0.5253873467445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.5001707077026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4286388158798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4260076880455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.4242142140865326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38323840498924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3612406253814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.34302380681037903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3386954665184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16398298740386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1081971526145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09038051962852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003142","descriptor_name":"Communication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01636.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161248890","display_name":"Risk Analysis","issn_l":"0272-4332","issn":["0272-4332","1539-6924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Risk Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21615762","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21615762","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.721.9735","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.721.9735","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://heim.ifi.uio.no/%7Eketils/kst/Articles/2011.RiskAnalysis.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64141385","https://openalex.org/W114330277","https://openalex.org/W249253320","https://openalex.org/W627433855","https://openalex.org/W849075951","https://openalex.org/W1557496348","https://openalex.org/W1748744376","https://openalex.org/W1823329909","https://openalex.org/W1895807863","https://openalex.org/W1965626837","https://openalex.org/W1968031351","https://openalex.org/W1969556630","https://openalex.org/W1971995776","https://openalex.org/W1975880904","https://openalex.org/W1990100773","https://openalex.org/W1992091432","https://openalex.org/W2002664886","https://openalex.org/W2002993931","https://openalex.org/W2013068849","https://openalex.org/W2013661830","https://openalex.org/W2017756939","https://openalex.org/W2033958551","https://openalex.org/W2034836133","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2050294537","https://openalex.org/W2059942088","https://openalex.org/W2069172724","https://openalex.org/W2105507733","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2108982337","https://openalex.org/W2109293047","https://openalex.org/W2113237548","https://openalex.org/W2115565535","https://openalex.org/W2124936408","https://openalex.org/W2128773107","https://openalex.org/W2129359976","https://openalex.org/W2129649833","https://openalex.org/W2131664240","https://openalex.org/W2139348840","https://openalex.org/W2164780350","https://openalex.org/W2492688925","https://openalex.org/W2493888737","https://openalex.org/W2922900161","https://openalex.org/W3015216974","https://openalex.org/W3203011645","https://openalex.org/W3204885793","https://openalex.org/W4300696262","https://openalex.org/W4300870773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493888737","https://openalex.org/W2802408012","https://openalex.org/W134082694","https://openalex.org/W7042825084","https://openalex.org/W7101073069","https://openalex.org/W2129649833","https://openalex.org/W3199349255","https://openalex.org/W2478105413","https://openalex.org/W7097584959","https://openalex.org/W2753606547"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Risk":[0],"analysis":[1],"involves":[2],"people":[3],"with":[4,28],"different":[5],"roles":[6],"and":[7,78],"competences.":[8],"The":[9,34,91],"validity":[10],"of":[11,52],"the":[12,49,58,67,83,89],"outcome":[13],"depends":[14],"on":[15],"that":[16,94],"they":[17,104],"are":[18,98],"able":[19],"to":[20,42,70,100],"communicate;":[21],"ideally":[22],"between":[23,45],"themselves,":[24],"but":[25],"at":[26],"least":[27],"or":[29],"via":[30],"a":[31],"risk":[32,36,53,85],"analyst.":[33],"CORAS":[35,84],"modeling":[37,86],"language":[38,87],"has":[39],"been":[40],"developed":[41],"facilitate":[43],"communication":[44],"stakeholders":[46],"involved":[47],"in":[48,82],"various":[50],"stages":[51],"analysis.":[54],"This":[55],"article":[56],"reports":[57],"results":[59,92],"from":[60],"an":[61],"empirical":[62],"investigation":[63],"among":[64],"professionals,":[65],"where":[66],"purpose":[68],"was":[69],"investigate":[71],"how":[72],"graphical":[73,96],"effects":[74,97],"(size,":[75],"color,":[76],"shape)":[77],"text":[79],"labels":[80],"introduced":[81],"affected":[88],"understanding.":[90],"indicate":[93],"if":[95],"used":[99],"illustrate":[101],"important":[102],"information,":[103],"should":[105],"also":[106],"be":[107],"accompanied":[108],"by":[109],"informative":[110],"textual":[111],"labels.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
